About Regeneration

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References

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References

Front Matter

Introduction

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Sheppard, Charles, ed. 2019. World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation Volume I: Europe, the Americas and West Africa. 2nd ed. Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780128050682/world-seas-an-environmental-evaluation.

Smale, Dan A., Thomas Wernberg, Eric C. J. Oliver, Mads Thomsen, Ben P. Harvey, Sandra C. Straub, Michael T. Burrows, et al. 2019. “Marine Heatwaves Threaten Global Biodiversity and the Provision of Ecosystem Services.” Nature Climate Change 9 (4): 306–12. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0412-1.

Smith, Bren. 2019. “Who Ocean Farms Matters: Women Are Leading the New Blue Economy.” Medium (blog). May 28, 2019. https://medium.com/@bren_7821/who-ocean-farms-matters-women-are-leading-the-new-blue-economy-4cff4941ac88.

sourcingmatters. 2019. “Ep.86: Kathleen Kennedy – Collective Intelligence.” Sourcing Matters.Show (blog). June 19, 2019. https://www.sourcingmatters.show/index.php/2019/06/19/ep-86-kathleen-kennedy-collective-intelligence/.

Stellenbosch University South Africa. 2020. “Humans Need to Do Better If We’re to Avoid Ocean System Collapse.” Phys Org. July 20, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-07-humans-ocean-collapse.html.

Stephens, Tim. 2018. “‘Electrogeochemistry’ Captures Carbon, Produces Fuel, Offsets Ocean Acidification.” UC Santa Cruz News. June 25, 2018. https://news.ucsc.edu/2018/06/electrogeochemistry.html.

Sullivan, Brian K. 2020. “Warmest Oceans on Record Adds to Hurricanes, Wildfires Risks.” Bloomberg.Com, April 18, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-18/warmest-oceans-on-record-could-set-off-a-year-of-extreme-weather.

Taub, Ben. 2020. “Thirty-Six Thousand Feet Under the Sea.” The New Yorker. May 7, 2020. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/05/18/thirty-six-thousand-feet-under-the-sea.

“The Dangers of Industrial Ocean Fish Farming.” 2018. Washington D.C.: Friends of the Earth. https://foe.org/resources/dangers-industrial-ocean-fish-farming/#:~:text=From%20direct%20discharge%20of%20heavy,farms%20devastate%20the%20ocean%20ecosystem.

“The Ocean Opportunity Lab (TOOL).” n.d. The Ocean Opportunity Lab (TOOL). Accessed August 31, 2021. https://theoceanopportunitylab.com/.

“The Redfield Ratio at 80.” n.d. Nature Geoscience. https://www.nature.com/collections/fncspbsnmk.

The Revelator. 2020. “New High Seas Treaty Could Be a Gamechanger for the Ocean.” EcoWatch. May 9, 2020. https://www.ecowatch.com/high-seas-treaty-2645960152.html.

Tweddle, Jacqueline F., Matthew Gubbins, and Beth E. Scott. 2018. “Should Phytoplankton Be a Key Consideration for Marine Management?” Marine Policy 97 (November): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.026.

University of Queensland. 2020. “The Deep Ocean Is Warming Slowly—but Dramatic Changes Are Ahead.” Phys Org. May 25, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-05-deep-ocean-slowlybut.html.

Urbina, Ian. 2020. “How China’s Expanding Fishing Fleet Is Depleting the World’s Oceans.” Yale E360. August 17, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/how-chinas-expanding-fishing-fleet-is-depleting-worlds-oceans.

Venturi, Gabriele. n.d. “Gallery 2020 | Drone Photo Awards.” Accessed August 26, 2021. https://droneawards.photo/gallery/2020.

Vieno, Niina, Pär Hallgren, and Petra Wallberg. 2017. “Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Environment of the Baltic Sea Region: A Status Report.” UNESCO Emerging Pollutants in Water Series. Paris, France: UNESCO, HELCOM. https://helcom.fi/media/publications/BSEP149.pdf.

Webb, Paul. 2019. “9.8 Thermohaline Circulation.” In Introduction to Oceanography. Roger Williams University Open Publishing. https://rwu.pressbooks.pub/webboceanography/chapter/9-8-thermohaline-circulation/.

Wheeler, Timothy B. 2020. “Oyster Growers Hope Polluters Will Shell out for Nutrient Credits.” Bay Journal. May 11, 2020. https://www.bayjournal.com/news/fisheries/oyster-growers-hope-polluters-will-shell-out-for-nutrient-credits/article_d5d4abac-8e1e-11ea-be85-8f3b710e121b.html.

Wright, Deborah Rowan. 2020. Future Sea: How to Rescue and Protect the World’s Oceans. First edition. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Marine Protected Areas

“About Enric Sala.” n.d. Enric Sala. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://www.enricsala.com/about.

“About Papahānaumokuākea.” n.d. Papahānaumokuākea. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://www.papahanaumokuakea.gov/new-about/.

Andersson, Andreas J., and Dwight Gledhill. 2013. “Ocean Acidification and Coral Reefs: Effects on Breakdown, Dissolution, and Net Ecosystem Calcification.” Annual Review of Marine Science 5 (1): 321–48. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-121211-172241.

Baker, Aryn. 2021. “How Industrial Fishing Creates More CO2 Emissions Than Air Travel.” Time. March 17, 2021. https://time.com/5947430/bottom-trawling-carbon-emissions-study/.

Bilefsky, Dan. 2020. “In ‘Lobster War,’ Indigenous Canadians Face Attacks by Fishermen.” The New York Times, October 20, 2020, sec. World. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/10/20/world/canada/nova-scotia-lobster-war.html.

Bolster, Jeff, Francisco Chavez PhD, Jamie Cournane PhD, Jon Erlandson PhD, David Field, Marah J. Hardt, Carina B. Lange, et al. 2011. Shifting Baselines: The Past and the Future of Ocean Fisheries. Edited by Dr Jeremy B. C. Jackson PhD, Karen E. Alexander ABD MA, and Dr Enric Sala PhD. Washington, DC: Island Press.

Briggs, Johnny. 2020. “How Much of the Ocean Is Really Protected in 2020?” PEW. July 7, 2020. https://pew.org/2YucOEf.

Bushell, Amanda. 2014. “Cabo Pulmo – Giving Optimism to Coral Reefs.” Smithsonian Ocean. September 2014. http://ocean.si.edu/ecosystems/coral-reefs/cabo-pulmo-giving-optimism-coral-reefs.

Carter, Nicholas. n.d. “The Climate Crisis Secret.” Sentient Media (blog). Accessed August 16, 2021. https://sentientmedia.org/the-climate-crisis-secret/.

Edgar, Graham J., Rick D. Stuart-Smith, Trevor J. Willis, Stuart Kininmonth, Susan C. Baker, Stuart Banks, Neville S. Barrett, et al. 2014. “Global Conservation Outcomes Depend on Marine Protected Areas with Five Key Features.” Nature 506 (7487): 216–20. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13022.

Eyton, T. C., and John Van Voorst. 1858. A History of the Oyster and the Oyster Fisheries. London: John Van Voorst, Paternoster Row. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/58057.

FAO, ed. 2016. Contributing to Food Security and Nutrition for All. The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2016. Rome. http://www.fao.org/3/i5555e/i5555e.pdf.

Field, Michael. 2021. “Why the World’s Most Fertile Fishing Ground Is Facing a ‘Unique and Dire’ Threat.” The Guardian, June 13, 2021, sec. World news. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/14/why-the-worlds-most-fertile-fishing-ground-is-facing-a-unique-and-dire-threat.

Galoustian, Gisele. 2019. “Thirty Years of Unique Data Reveal What’s Really Killing Coral Reefs.” Florida Atlantic University News Desk, July 15, 2019. http://www.fau.edu/newsdesk/articles/looe-key-study.php.

Giakoumi, Sylvaine, Jennifer McGowan, Morena Mills, Maria Beger, Rodrigo H. Bustamante, Anthony Charles, Patrick Christie, et al. 2018. “Revisiting ‘Success’ and ‘Failure’ of Marine Protected Areas: A Conservation Scientist Perspective.” Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 223. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00223.

“Giant Kelp.” n.d. Monterey Bay Aquarium. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animals/animals-a-to-z/giant-kelp.

“Global Marine Fishing Protection.” 2021. Marine Protection Atlas. 2021. https://mpatlas.org/zones/.

“Global Marine Protection | Marine Protection Atlas.” 2021. Marine Conservation Institute. https://mpatlas.org/zones/.

“Historical Background and Evaluation of Marine Protected Areas in the United States.” 2001. In Marine Protected Areas: Tools for Sustaining Ocean Ecosystems. Washington D.C.: National Academies Press. https://www.nap.edu/read/9994/chapter/10.

Hunter, Douglas. 2017. “John Cabot.” In The Canadian Encyclopedia. https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/john-cabot.

Irigoien, Xabier, T. A. Klevjer, A. Røstad, U. Martinez, G. Boyra, J. L. Acuña, A. Bode, et al. 2014. “Large Mesopelagic Fishes Biomass and Trophic Efficiency in the Open Ocean.” Nature Communications 5 (1): 3271. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms4271.

Kateman, Brian. n.d. “Food Innovators Set Out To Catch Nascent Seafood Alternative Industry.” Forbes. Accessed August 16, 2021. https://www.forbes.com/sites/briankateman/2020/03/09/food-innovators-set-out-to-catch-nascent-seafood-alternative-industry/.

Krause-Jensen, Dorte, and Carlos M. Duarte. 2016. “Substantial Role of Macroalgae in Marine Carbon Sequestration.” Nature Geoscience 9 (October): 737–42. https://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo2790.

Langer, Martin R. 2008. “Assessing the Contribution of Foraminiferan Protists to Global Ocean Carbonate Production1.” Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 55 (3): 163–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00321.x.

“Living Ocean.” n.d. NASA Science. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://science.nasa.gov/earth-science/oceanography/living-ocean#.

“Marine Protected Areas.” n.d. Protected Planet. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.protectedplanet.net/en/thematic-areas/marine-protected-areas.

“Marine Protection, Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA) and Federal Facilities.” 2013. Other Policies and Guidance. EPA. September 18, 2013. https://www.epa.gov/enforcement/marine-protection-research-and-sanctuaries-act-mprsa-and-federal-facilities.

McCauley, Douglas J., Caroline Jablonicky, Edward H. Allison, Christopher D. Golden, Francis H. Joyce, Juan Mayorga, and David Kroodsma. 2018. “Wealthy Countries Dominate Industrial Fishing.” Science Advances 4 (8): eaau2161. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aau2161.

Middelburg, Jack J., Karline Soetaert, and Mathilde Hagens. 2020. “Ocean Alkalinity, Buffering and Biogeochemical Processes.” Reviews of Geophysics 58 (3): e2019RG000681. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RG000681.

“Mission.” n.d. PIPA Conservation Trust. http://pipatrust.org/environmental-health-policies-pipa/.

Myers, Ransom A., and Boris Worm. 2003. “Rapid Worldwide Depletion of Predatory Fish Communities.” Nature 423 (6937): 280–83. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01610.

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National Research Council. 2001. Read “Marine Protected Areas: Tools for Sustaining Ocean Ecosystems” at NAP.Edu. The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/9994.

O’Connell, Victoria, Waldo Wakefield, and H. Gary Greene. n.d. “Southeast Alaska Edgecumbe Pinnacles Marine Reserve.” Alaska Department of Fish and Game. Accessed September 25, 2021. http://www.adfg.alaska.gov/index.cfm?adfg=commercialbyareasoutheast.pinnacles_research.

“Oyster Fact Sheet.” n.d. Chesapeake Bay Foundation. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://www.cbf.org/about-the-bay/more-than-just-the-bay/chesapeake-wildlife/eastern-oysters/oyster-fact-sheet.html.

Pastino, Blake de. 2016. “11,000-Year-Old Seafaring Indian Sites Discovered on California Island.” Western Digs. January 1, 2016. http://westerndigs.org/11000-year-old-seafaring-indian-sites-discovered-on-california-island/.

Petsko, Emily. 2020. “Devastated by Overfishing and Climate Change, California’s Abalone Face a Rocky Road to Recovery.” Oceana. December 3, 2020. https://oceana.org/blog/devastated-overfishing-and-climate-change-california%E2%80%99s-abalone-face-rocky-road-recovery.

“Pristine Seas.” n.d. National Geographic. Accessed September 21, 2021. http://www.nationalgeographic.org/projects/pristine-seas/.

Putney, Robin. 2008. “Customary Marine Tenure and Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Palau.” Master’s Theses, San Jose, CA, USA: San Jose State University. https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/etd_theses/3493.

Rick, Torben C, Jon M Erlandson, Nicholas P Jew, and Leslie A Reeder-Myers. 2013. “Archaeological Survey, Paleogeography, and the Search for Late Pleistocene Paleocoastal Peoples of Santa Rosa Island, California.” Journal of Field Archaeology 38 (4): 324–31. https://doi.org/10.1179/0093469013Z.00000000065.

Roberts, Callum M, Richard W Page, Bethan C O’Leary, Harriet L Allen, Katherine L Yates, Alexander W tudhope, Colin McClean, Alex D Rogers, Julie P Hawkins, and Callum M Roberts. 2019. “30x30: A Bluepring for Ocean Protection.” Germany: Greenpeace. https://storage.googleapis.com/planet4-international-stateless/2019/03/5db0f88b-greenpeace-30x30-blueprint-report.pdf.

Sala, Enric. 2020. The Nature of Nature: Why We Need the Wild. National Geographic Books.

Sala, Enric, and Sylvaine Giakoumi. 2018. “No-Take Marine Reserves Are the Most Effective Protected Areas in the Ocean.” ICES Journal of Marine Science 75 (3): 1166–68. https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsx059.

Sala, Enric, Juan Mayorga, Christopher Costello, David Kroodsma, Maria L. D. Palomares, Daniel Pauly, U. Rashid Sumaila, and Dirk Zeller. 2018. “The Economics of Fishing the High Seas.” Science Advances 4 (6). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat2504.

Scales, Helen. 2021. “A Drop in the Ocean: Rewilding the Seas.” The Guardian, July 4, 2021, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/jul/04/rewilding-the-seas-overfishing-oceans.

Schiller, Laurenne, Megan Bailey, Jennifer Jacquet, and Enric Sala. 2018. “High Seas Fisheries Play a Negligible Role in Addressing Global Food Security.” Science Advances 4 (8): eaat8351. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aat8351.

Sherin, C. S. 2020. “The Devastation of Overfishing and the Major Problems with Aquaculture and Seafood.” Medium (blog). March 6, 2020. https://cs-sherin.medium.com/the-devastation-of-overfishing-and-the-major-problems-with-aquaculture-and-seafood-5143bbcf3508.

“Sitka Pinnacles | Marine Protection Atlas.” n.d. Marine Conservation Institute. Accessed September 22, 2021. https://mpatlas.org/zones/8542.

“South 239th Street Park Conservation Area.” n.d. Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Accessed September 22, 2021. https://wdfw.wa.gov/fishing/management/mpa/conservation-areas/south-239th-street-park.

Sumaila, U. Rashid, Vicky W. Y. Lam, Dana D. Miller, Louise Teh, Reg A. Watson, Dirk Zeller, William W. L. Cheung, et al. 2015. “Winners and Losers in a World Where the High Seas Is Closed to Fishing.” Scientific Reports 5 (February): 8481. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep08481.

“The Biological Carbon Pump.” n.d. The Carbon Cycle and Climate. Accessed September 25, 2021. http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/virtualmuseum/climatechange1/06_2.shtml.

“The MPA Inventory.” n.d. National Marine Protected Areas Center. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://marineprotectedareas.noaa.gov/dataanalysis/mpainventory/.

The Ocean Portal Team. n.d. “Ocean Acidification.” Smithsonian Ocean. Accessed September 21, 2021. http://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/ocean-acidification.

“The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture.” 2016. Contributing to Food Security and Nutrition for All. Rome: FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/i5555e/i5555e.pdf.

Tweddle, Jacqueline F., Matthew Gubbins, and Beth E. Scott. 2018. “Should Phytoplankton Be a Key Consideration for Marine Management?” Marine Policy 97 (November): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.026.

UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. 2021. “Protected Planet Report 2020.” Cambridge UK; Gland, Switzerland: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. https://livereport.protectedplanet.net.

United Nations, ed. 2017. “Open Ocean Deep Sea.” In The First Global Integrated Marine Assessment: World Ocean Assessment I, 685–704. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/first-global-integrated-marine-assessment/open-ocean-deep-sea/EB179C212A160B6E99C6BD5996E3CCC8.

Veltre, Douglas W., and Allen P. McCartney. 2002. “Russian Exploitation of Aleuts and Fur Seals: The Archaeology of Eighteenth- and Early-Nineteenth-Century Settlements in the Pribilof Islands, Alaska.” Historical Archaeology 36 (3): 8–17.

Wang, Brian. 2018. “Restore the Oceans and Get up to 50 Times the Fish and Store a Trillion Tons of CO2.” NextBigFuture.Com (blog). July 18, 2018. https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2018/07/restore-the-oceans-and-get-up-to-50-times-the-fish-and-store-a-trillion-tons-of-co2.html.

“What Is Ocean Acidification?” n.d. National Ocean Service. Accessed September 21, 2021. https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/acidification.html.

Wilson, R. W., F. J. Millero, J. R. Taylor, P. J. Walsh, V. Christensen, S. Jennings, and M. Grosell. 2009. “Contribution of Fish to the Marine Inorganic Carbon Cycle.” Science 323 (5912): 359–62. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1157972.

Seaforestation

“12 Facts About Otters for Sea Otter Awareness Week.” 2017. DOI.Gov. September 22, 2017. https://www.doi.gov/blog/12-facts-about-otters-sea-otter-awareness-week.

“A Deep Dive into Zero Hunger: The Seaweed Revolution.” 2020. UN News. November 14, 2020. https://news.un.org/en/story/2020/11/1077212.

“About – Kelp Blue.” n.d. Kelp Blue. Accessed October 7, 2021. https://kelp.blue/about/.

“Alaska Mariculture Initiative Economic Analysis to Inform a Comprehensive Plan PHASE II.” 2017. McDowell Group. http://www.adfg.alaska.gov/Static/fishing/pdfs/mariculture/phase_2_fullreport.pdf.

Alleway, Heidi K, Chris L Gillies, Melanie J Bishop, Rebecca R Gentry, Seth J Theuerkauf, and Robert Jones. 2019. “The Ecosystem Services of Marine Aquaculture: Valuing Benefits to People and Nature.” BioScience 69 (1): 59–68. https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biy137.

“ARPA-E Announces Macroalgae Funding Opportunity.” 2016. ARPA-E. December 16, 2016. https://arpa-e.energy.gov/news-and-media/press-releases/arpa-e-announces-macroalgae-funding-opportunity.

“Assessing the Potential for Restoration and Permaculture of Tasmania’s Giant Kelp Forests.” n.d. Standard Page. Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies. Accessed October 13, 2021. https://www.imas.utas.edu.au/research/ecology-and-biodiversity/projects/projects/assessing-the-potential-for-restoration-and-permaculture-of-tasmanias-giant-kelp-forests.

“Atlantic Sea Farms.” n.d. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://atlanticseafarms.com/.

Augustin, Johan. 2020. “In Race for a Sustainable Alternative to Plastic, Indonesia Bets on Seaweed.” Mongabay Environmental News, March 25, 2020, sec. Environmental news. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/03/in-race-for-a-sustainable-alternative-to-plastic-indonesia-bets-on-seaweed/.

Baird, Mark Edward, Rebecca Green, Ryan Lowe, Mathieu Mongin, and Elodie Bougeot. 2020. “Optimising Cool-Water Injections to Reduce Thermal Stress on Coral Reefs of the Great Barrier Reef.” PLOS ONE 15 (10): e0239978. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239978.

Barber, Charles V, Rachael Petersen, Virginia Young, Brendan Mackey, and Cyril Kormos. 2020. “The Nexus Report: Nature Based Solutions to the Biodiversity and Climate Crisis.” F20 Foundations, Campaign for Nature and SEE Foundation. https://www.foundations-20.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/The-Nexus-Report.pdf.

Barnett, Tracy, and Lyla June. 2019. “Kelp Gardens, Piñon Forests.” The Esperanza Project (blog). November 9, 2019. https://www.esperanzaproject.com/2019/environment/kelp-gardens-and-pinon-forests-native-regenerative-agriculture/.

Bar-On, Yinon M., Rob Phillips, and Ron Milo. 2018. “The Biomass Distribution on Earth.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (25): 6506–11. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1711842115.

Barrett, Axel. 2019. “Unilever, Just Eat and Notpla Partner To Launch Sauces in Seaweed Sachets.” Bioplastics News. November 7, 2019. https://bioplasticsnews.com/2019/11/07/unilever-just-eat-and-notpla-partner-to-launch-sauces-in-seaweed-sachets/.

Bast, Felix. 2014. “Seaweeds.” Resonance 19 (2): 149–59. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12045-014-0018-x.

Bedolfe, Sarah. 2017. “Seaweed Could Be Scrubbing More Carbon from the Atmosphere than We Expected.” Oceana. October 6, 2017. https://oceana.org/blog/seaweed-could-be-scrubbing-more-carbon-atmosphere-we-expected.

Belton, Ben, David C. Little, Wenbo Zhang, Peter Edwards, Michael Skladany, and Shakuntala H. Thilsted. 2020. “Farming Fish in the Sea Will Not Nourish the World.” Nature Communications 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19679-9.

Bertocci, I., R. Araújo, P. Oliveira, and I. Sousa-Pinto. 2015. “Potential Effects of Kelp Species on Local Fisheries.” Journal of Applied Ecology 52: 1216–26. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12483.

Bienkowski, Brian. 2019. “Surprise! Unexpected Ocean Heat Waves Are Becoming the Norm.” EHN. August 6, 2019. https://www.ehn.org/ocean-heat-waves-climate-change-2639652854.html.

Bindoff, Nathaniel L, Jürgen Willebrand, Vincenzo Artale, Anny Cazenave, Jonathan M Gregory, Sergey Gulev, Corrine Le Quéré, et al. 2007. “Observations: Oceanic Climate Change and Sea Level.” In Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 48. Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/id/eprint/15400/1/ar4-wg1-chapter5.pdf.

Blight, A., R. Foster-Smith, I. Sotheran, J. Egerton, R. McAllen, and G. Savidge. 2011. “Development of a Methodology for the Quantitative Assessment of Ireland’s Inshore Kelp Resource.” Marine Institute. https://oar.marine.ie/bitstream/handle/10793/702/Quantitative%20Assessment%20Methodology%20for%20Inshore%20Kelp%20Resource.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

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Boys, Callan. 2020. “The Fish Farmer Growing Seaweed to Feed Cows and Save the Planet.” Good Food. February 15, 2020. https://www.goodfood.com.au/eat-out/news/the-fish-farmer-growing-seaweed-to-feed-cows-and-save-the-planet-20200214-h1lt88.

Breitburg, Denise, Lisa A. Levin, Andreas Oschlies, Marilaure Grégoire, Francisco P. Chavez, Daniel J. Conley, Véronique Garçon, et al. 2018. “Declining Oxygen in the Global Ocean and Coastal Waters.” Science 359 (6371): eaam7240. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam7240.

“Bren Smith’s Open-Sourced 3D Ocean Farm Model Can Feed a Hungry Planet.” 2017. Bioneers. September 26, 2017. https://bioneers.org/bren-smiths-open-sourced-3d-ocean-farm-model-can-feed-hungry-planet-ztvz1709/.

Bricker, Suzanne B., Joao Gomes Ferreira, Changbo Zhu, Julie M. Rose, Eve Galimany, Gary Wikfors, Camille Saurel, et al. 2018. “The Role of Shellfish Aquaculture in Reduction of Eutrophication in an Urban Estuary.” Environmental Science & Technology 52 (1): 173–83. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.7b03970.

Bryce, Emma. 2020a. “Can the Forests of the World’s Oceans Contribute to Alleviating the Climate Crisis?” Ensia (blog). June 24, 2020. https://ensia.com/features/kelp-carbon-sequestration-climate-mitigation/.

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Buck, Holly Jean. 2020. “The Desperate Race to Cool the Ocean before It’s Too Late.” MIT Technology Review. April 2, 2020. https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/04/23/136001/the-desperate-race-to-cool-the-ocean-before-its-too-late/.

Buckley, Christine. 2011. “Seaweed: The New Trend in Water Purification.” UConn Today, July 27, 2011. https://today.uconn.edu/2011/07/seaweed-the-new-trend-in-water-purification-2/.

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Forests

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Tropical Forests

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Fire Ecology

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Adam Sings in the Timber, and Michael Kodas. 2021. “Video: In California, the Northfork Mono Tribe Brings ‘Good Fire’ to Overgrown Woodlands.” Inside Climate News (blog). March 6, 2021. https://insideclimatenews.org/news/06032021/tribe-good-fire-woodlands/.

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Andrews, Robin George. 2018. “How a Weird Fire Vortex Sparked a Meteorological Mystery.” National Geographic. December 19, 2018. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/12/how-weird-fire-vortex-sparked-meteorological-mystery/.

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Freedman, Andrew. "'Zombie Fires' Are Erupting in Alaska and Likely Siberia, Signaling Severe Arctic Fire Season May Lie Ahead." The Washington Post. May 28, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/weather/2020/05/28/zombie-fires-burning-arctic-siberia/.

Fuller, Thomas, and Matthew Abbott. 2020. “Reducing Fire, and Cutting Carbon Emissions, the Aboriginal Way.” The New York Times, January 16, 2020, sec. World. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/16/world/australia/aboriginal-fire-management.html.

Garnett, Stephen T., Neil D. Burgess, Julia E. Fa, Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares, Zsolt Molnár, Cathy J. Robinson, James E. M. Watson, et al. 2018. “A Spatial Overview of the Global Importance of Indigenous Lands for Conservation.” Nature Sustainability 1 (7): 369–74. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0100-6.

Gee, Henry. 1999. “Beetles Sniff out Forest Fires.” Nature News, March. https://www.nature.com/news/1999/990325/full/news990325-2.html.

Gillis, Justin. 2017. “Let Forest Fires Burn? What the Black-Backed Woodpecker Knows.” The New York Times, August 6, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/06/science/let-forest-fires-burn-what-the-black-backed-woodpecker-knows.html.

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Graham, Daniel W. 2019. “Heraclitus.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. September 3, 2019. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/heraclitus/.

Gray, Ellen. 2019. “Satellite Data Record Shows Climate Change’s Impact on Fires.” NASA. September 10, 2019. https://climate.nasa.gov/news/2912/satellite-data-record-shows-climate-changes-impact-on-fires.

Hamilton, John B, Dennis W Rondorf, William R Tinnishwood, Ryan J Leary, Tim Mayer, Gavette Charleen, and Lynne A Casal. 2016. “The Persistence and Characteristics of Chinook Salmon Migrations to the Upper Klamath River Prior to Exclusion by Dams.” Oregon Historical Quarterly 117 (3). https://www.ohs.org/research-and-library/oregon-historical-quarterly/upload/Hamilton_Chinook-Salmon-Migrations_OHQ_117_3_Fall-2016_Spread.pdf.

Hasan, Mejs. n.d. “Native Tribes Are Taking Fire Control Into Their Own Hands.” Wired. Accessed October 1, 2021. https://www.wired.com/story/wildfires-native-tribes-controlled-burns/.

He, Tianhua, Byron B. Lamont, and Juli G. Pausas. 2019. “Fire as a Key Driver of Earth’s Biodiversity.” Biological Reviews 94 (6): 1983–2010. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12544.

Heal, Alexandra, and Andrew Wasley. 2019. “Amazon Aflame: What We’ve Learnt in a Year Reporting on Brazilian Beef and the Rainforest.” The Bureau of Investigative Journalism. December 16, 2019. https://www.thebureauinvestigates.com/blog/2019-12-12/amazon-aflame-what-weve-learnt-in-a-year-reporting-on-brazilian-beef-and-the-rainforest.

Holden, Zachary A., Alan Swanson, Charles H. Luce, W. Matt Jolly, Marco Maneta, Jared W. Oyler, Dyer A. Warren, Russell Parsons, and David Affleck. 2018. “Decreasing Fire Season Precipitation Increased Recent Western US Forest Wildfire Activity.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (36): E8349–57. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1802316115.

Hunter, Molly E., and Marcos D. Robles. 2020. “Tamm Review: The Effects of Prescribed Fire on Wildfire Regimes and Impacts: A Framework for Comparison.” Forest Ecology and Management 475: 118435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2020.118435.

Hutto, Richard L., Monica L. Bond, and Dominick A. Dellasala. 2015. “Using Bird Ecology to Learn About the Benefits of Severe Fire.” In The Ecological Importance of Mixed-Severity Fires, 55–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-802749-3.00003-7.

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“Interactive World Forest Map & Tree Cover Change Data.” 2016. Global Forest Watch. https://www.globalforestwatch.org/map/.

IPBES. 2019. “Summary for Policymakers of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services of the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services.” Bonn, Germany: IPBES.

John Bond, William. 2013. “Fires, Ecological Effects Of.” In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity (Second Edition), edited by Simon A Levin, 435–42. Waltham: Academic Press. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123847195000538.

Johnson, Christopher N., Lynda D. Prior, Sally Archibald, Helen M. Poulos, Andrew M. Barton, Grant J. Williamson, and David M.J.S. Bowman. 2018. “Can Trophic Rewilding Reduce the Impact of Fire in a More Flammable World?” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 373 (1761): 20170443. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2017.0443.

Jolly, W. Matt, Mark A. Cochrane, Patrick H. Freeborn, Zachary A. Holden, Timothy J. Brown, Grant J. Williamson, and David M. J. S. Bowman. 2015. “Climate-Induced Variations in Global Wildfire Danger from 1979 to 2013.” Nature Communications 6 (7537). https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8537.

“Karuk Traditional Ecological Knowledge and the Need for Knowledge Sovereignty.” 2019. Karuk Climate Change Projects. January 9, 2019. https://karuktribeclimatechangeprojects.com/about/karuk-tek-knowledge-sovereignty/.

Keeley, Jon E. 2002. “Native American Impacts on Fire Regimes of the California Coastal Ranges.” Journal of Biogeography 29 (3): 303–20. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2699.2002.00676.x.

Kelly, L.T., and L. Brotons. 2017. “Using Fire to Promote Biodiversity.” Science 355 (6331): 1264–65. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aam7672.

Khan, Mohammed, and Kusum Arunachalam. 2002. “Balancing Traditional Jhum Cultivation with Modern Agroforestry in Eastern Himalaya – A Biodiversity Hot Spot.” Current Science 83 (July): 117–18.

Klamath County Museum. 2019. “Klamath Heritage: Feeding Bears at Crater Lake.” Klamath Falls News. May 19, 2019. https://www.klamathfallsnews.org/news/klamath-heritage-feeding-bears-at-crater-lake.

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Klein, Letícia, and Thiago Medaglia. 2020. “In a Drier Amazon, Small Farmers and Researchers Work Together to Reduce Fire Damage.” Mongabay Environmental News, October 21, 2020. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/10/in-a-drier-amazon-small-farmer-and-researchers-work-together-to-reduce-fire-damage/.

Kodas, Michael. 2020. “Huge Western Fires in 1910 Changed US Wildfire Policy. Will Today’s Conflagrations Do the Same?” Inside Climate News (blog). September 11, 2020. https://insideclimatenews.org/news/11092020/western-wildfires-big-blowup-forest-policy/.

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Overstory

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Wilding

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Mesnage, Robin, Maxime Teixeira, Daniele Mandrioli, Laura Falcioni, Quinten Raymond Ducarmon, Romy Daniëlle Zwittink, Francesca Mazzacuva, et al. 2021. “Use of Shotgun Metagenomics and Metabolomics to Evaluate the Impact of Glyphosate or Roundup MON 52276 on the Gut Microbiota and Serum Metabolome of Sprague-Dawley Rats.” Environmental Health Perspectives 129 (1). https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP6990.

Michigan State University. 2019. “Transformative Change Can Save Humans and Nature.” ScienceDaily. December 12, 2019. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/12/191212142628.htm.

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science, Lorraine Boissoneault is a Chicago-based journalist who writes about, history, outdoor adventure for publications like Smithsonian Magazine, The Atlantic, Hakai Magazine, Great Lakes Now, Playboy She is the author of the narrative nonfiction book "The Last Voyageurs", and a finalist for the Chicago Book of the Year award http://twitter com/boissolm http://www.lboissoneault.com. 2020. “The Call of the Wild: Using Sound to Help Imperiled Species and Ecosystems • The Revelator.” The Revelator (blog). March 2, 2020. https://therevelator.org/sound-help-species-ecosystems/.

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Strassburg, Bernardo B. N., Alvaro Iribarrem, Hawthorne L. Beyer, Carlos Leandro Cordeiro, Renato Crouzeilles, Catarina C. Jakovac, André Braga Junqueira, et al. 2020. “Global Priority Areas for Ecosystem Restoration.” Nature 586 (7831): 724–29. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2784-9.

Strickland, Michael S., Dror Hawlena, Aspen Reese, Mark A. Bradford, and Oswald J. Schmitz. 2013. “Trophic Cascade Alters Ecosystem Carbon Exchange.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 110 (27): 11035–38. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1305191110.

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Thomas, Andrew Maltez, and Nicola Segata. 2019. “Multiple Levels of the Unknown in Microbiome Research.” BMC Biology 17 (48). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-019-0667-z.

Tierney, Braden T., Zhen Yang, Jacob M. Luber, Marc Beaudin, Marsha C. Wibowo, Christina Baek, Eleanor Mehlenbacher, Chirag J. Patel, and Aleksandar D. Kostic. 2019. “The Landscape of Genetic Content in the Gut and Oral Human Microbiome.” Cell Host & Microbe 26 (2): 283-295.e8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2019.07.008.

Tree, Isabella. 2018. “Creating a Mess – The Knepp Rewilding Project.” In Practice, June 2018. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/595ca91bebbd1a1d0aaab285/t/5b1af97b1ae6cfcbab41befa/1528494463789/InPractice100_Jun2018_Knepp+%28003%29.pdf.

Trinh, Pauline, Jesse R. Zaneveld, Sarah Safranek, and Peter M. Rabinowitz. 2018. “One Health Relationships Between Human, Animal, and Environmental Microbiomes: A Mini-Review.” Frontiers in Public Health 6 (August): 235. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2018.00235.

University of Adelaide. 2020. “Microbiome Rewilding: Biodiverse Urban Green Spaces Strengthen Human Immune Systems.” May 25, 2020. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2020-05-microbiome-rewilding-biodiverse-urban-green.html.

University of Gothenburg. 2020. “Humans, Not Climate, Have Driven Rapidly Rising Mammal Extinction Rate.” ScienceDaily. September 9, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/09/200909100244.htm.

University of New South Wales. 2019. “Leaving Microbes out of Climate Change Conversation Has Major Consequences, Experts Warn.” ScienceDaily. June 18, 2019. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/06/190618113126.htm.

Velasquez-Manoff, Moises. 2012. An Epidemic of Absence: A New Way of Understanding Allergies and Autoimmune Diseases. Reprint edition. Scribner.

Welch, Craig. 2017. “Half of All Species Are on the Move—And We’re Feeling It.” National Geographic. April 27, 2017. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/climate-change-species-migration-disease.

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“Which Countries Are Still Whaling?” 2014. IFAW. March 17, 2014. https://www.ifaw.org/news/which-countries-are-still-whaling.

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Wilmers, Christopher C., James A. Estes, Matthew Edwards, Kristin L. Laidre, and Brenda Konar. 2012. “Do Trophic Cascades Affect the Storage and Flux of Atmospheric Carbon? An Analysis of Sea Otters and Kelp Forests.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10 (8): 409–15. https://doi.org/10.1890/110176.

Wilmers, Christopher C., and Oswald J. Schmitz. 2016. “Effects of Gray Wolf-Induced Trophic Cascades on Ecosystem Carbon Cycling.” Ecosphere 7 (10): e01501. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.1501.

Yoon, Mi Young, and Sang Sun Yoon. 2018. “Disruption of the Gut Ecosystem by Antibiotics.” Yonsei Medical Journal 59 (1): 4–12. https://doi.org/10.3349/ymj.2018.59.1.4.

Zhang, Sheng, and De-Chang Chen. 2019. “Facing a New Challenge: The Adverse Effects of Antibiotics on Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity.” Chinese Medical Journal 132 (10): 1135–38. https://doi.org/10.1097/CM9.0000000000000245.

Zimmer, Carl. 2019. “A Billion-Year-Old Fungus May Hold Clues to Life’s Arrival on Land.” The New York Times, May 22, 2019, sec. Science. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/22/science/fungi-fossils-plants.html.

Zinöcker, Marit K., and Inge A. Lindseth. 2018. “The Western Diet–Microbiome-Host Interaction and Its Role in Metabolic Disease.” Nutrients 10 (3): 365. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10030365.

Trophic Cascades

Archibald, Catherine J. 2005. “Overview of the Recovery of the Gray Wolf Under the Endangered Species Act.” Animal Legal & Historical Center. 2005. https://www.animallaw.info/article/overview-recovery-gray-wolf-under-endangered-species-act.

Barton, M. 2005. “Restoration or Destruction: The Controversy over Wolf Reintroduction.” Journal of Young Investigators. http://www.jyi.org/issue/restoration-or-destruction-the-controversy-over-wolf-reintroduction.

“Bee Footprints.” 2019. Entomology Today. 2019. https://entomologytoday.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/Bee-footprints.jpg.

Beschta, R., and W. Ripple. 2012. “Berry-Producing Shrub Characteristics Following Wolf Reintroduction in Yellowstone National Park.” Forest Ecology and Management 276: 132–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2012.03.035.

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Bishop, Anne L., and Richard P. Bishop. 2014. “Resistance of wild African ungulates to foraging by red-billed oxpeckers (Buphagus erythrorhynchus): evidence that this behaviour modulates a potentially parasitic interaction.” African Journal of Ecology 52 (1): 103–10. https://doi.org/10.1111/aje.12093.

Bonfante, Paola, and Andrea Genre. 2010. “Mechanisms Underlying Beneficial Plant–Fungus Interactions in Mycorrhizal Symbiosis.” Nature Communications 1 (July): 48. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1046.

Burkhalter, Erika. 2019. “A Trophic Cascade in My Own Backyard.” Age of Awareness (blog). December 3, 2019. https://medium.com/age-of-awareness/a-trophic-cascade-in-my-own-backyard-a38f7bd16116.

Carpenter, Stephen. 2020. “Trophic Cascade.” Encyclopedia Britannica. May 30, 2020. https://www.britannica.com/science/trophic-cascade.

Carroll, Sean B. 2016. “The Ecologist Who Threw Starfish.” Nautilus (blog). March 10, 2016. http://nautil.us/issue/34/adaptation/the-ecologist-who-threw-starfish.

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Chadwick, Douglas. 2010. “Wolf Wars.” National Geographic, March 1, 2010. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/wolf-wars.

Cosier, Susan. 2010. “Reintroducing Wolves into National Parks Could Restore Ecosystems.” Audobon. 2010.

Cunningham, Conor. 2020. “Survival of the Fittest.” In Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/survival-of-the-fittest.

Darwin, Charles. 1868. Animals and Plants Under Domestication. London: John Murray. http://darwin-online.org.uk/content/frameset?pageseq=21&itemID=F877.1&viewtype=text.

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Davidson, Ana D, James K Detling, and James H Brown. 2012. “Ecological Roles and Conservation Challenges of Social, Burrowing, Herbivorous Mammals in the World’s Grasslands.” Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 10 (9): 477–86. https://doi.org/10.1890/110054.

Denchak, Melissa. 2019. “Keystone Species 101.” NRDC. September 9, 2019. https://www.nrdc.org/stories/keystone-species-101.

Dykstra, Peter. 2020. “Bringing the Wolves Back.” EHN, March 22, 2020. https://www.ehn.org/yellowstone-wolves-recovery-2645548172.html.

Erlandson, Jon  M., Michael  H. Graham, Bruce  J. Bourque, Debra Corbett, James  A. Estes, and Robert  S. Steneck. 2007. “The Kelp Highway Hypothesis: Marine Ecology, the Coastal Migration Theory, and the Peopling of the Americas.” The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology 2 (2): 161–74. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564890701628612.

Eschner, Kat. 2017. “Those Little Birds On The Backs Of Rhinos Actually Drink Blood.” Smithsonian Magazine, September 22, 2017. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/those-little-birds-backs-rhinos-actually-drink-blood-180964912/.

Estes, James A., and John F. Palmisano. 1974. “Sea Otters: Their Role in Structuring Nearshore Communities.” Science 185 (4156): 1058–60. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4156.1058.

Evan. 2015. “The Threat of Reintroduced Wolves to Livestock in Yellowstone.” Debating Science (blog). December 2, 2015. https://blogs.umass.edu/natsci397a-eross/the-threat-of-reintroduced-wolves-to-livestock-in-yellowstone/.

Falk, Dan. 2020. “The Complicated Legacy of Herbert Spencer, the Man Who Coined ‘Survival of the Fittest.’” Smithsonian Magazine, April 29, 2020. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/herbert-spencer-survival-of-the-fittest-180974756/.

Fritts, S., E. Bangs, J. Fontaine, M. Johnson, M. Philips, E. Koch, and J. Gunson. 1997. “Planning and Implementing a Reintroduction of Wolves to Yellowstone National Park and Central Idaho.” Restoration Ecology 5 (1): 7–27. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1526-100X.1997.09702.x.

George, J. 2006. “Wolf Attack a Tragic, Cautionary Tale.” San Francisco Gate. 2006. http://www.sfgate.com/homeandgarden/article/Wolf-attack-a-tragic-cautionary-tale-2543491.php.

“Government Data Confirm That Wolves Have a Negligible Effect on U.S. Cattle & Sheep Industries.” 2019. https://www.humanesociety.org/sites/default/files/docs/HSUS-Wolf-Livestock-6.Mar_.19Final.pdf.

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Heithaus, Michael R. 2001. “The Biology of Tiger Sharks, Galeocerdo Cuvier, in Shark Bay, Western Australia: Sex Ratio, Size Distribution, Diet, and Seasonal Changes in Catch Rates.” Environmental Biology of Fishes 61 (1): 25–36. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011021210685.

Heithaus, Michael R., A. J. Wirsing, L. M. Dill, Michael R. Heithaus, A. J. Wirsing, and L. M. Dill. 2012. “The Ecological Importance of Intact Top-Predator Populations: A Synthesis of 15 Years of Research in a Seagrass Ecosystem.” Marine and Freshwater Research 63 (11): 1039–50. https://doi.org/10.1071/MF12024.

“Helping Ranchers Coexist With Wolves.” n.d. Defenders of Wildlife. Accessed September 20, 2021. https://defenders.org/helping-ranchers-coexist-wolves.

Irfan, Umair. 2020. “‘Extinction Breeds Extinctions’: How Losing One Species Can Wipe out Many More.” Vox. June 6, 2020. https://www.vox.com/2020/6/6/21280720/endangered-species-extinction-ecosystem-climate-change-biodiversity-crisis.

Kauffman, Matthew J., Jedediah F. Brodie, and Erik S. Jules. 2010. “Are Wolves Saving Yellowstone’s Aspen? A Landscape-Level Test of a Behaviorally Mediated Trophic Cascade.” Ecology 91 (9): 2742–55. https://doi.org/10.1890/09-1949.1.

“Keystone Species.” 2019. National Geographic Society. September 13, 2019. http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/keystone-species/.

“Keystone Species.” 2021. In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Keystone_species&oldid=1046654590.

Levy, Sharon. 2020a. “Absent Wolves, Ecosystems Changed. Can New Wolves Restore Things?” April 29, 2020. https://undark.org/2020/04/29/wolf-reintroduction-trophic-cascades-colorado/.

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Linnell, John, Reidar Andersen, Andersone, and Linas Balciauskas. 2002. The Fear of Wolves: A Review of Wolf Attacks on Humans. Edited by J Linnell. NINA NIKU. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236330045_The_fear_of_wolves_A_review_of_wolf_attacks_on_humans.

Martin, G. 2014. “Meat Prices Going up & Wolf Kill.” http://www.aginfo.net/AginfoReportView.cfm?reportid=28928.

McElligott, Alan, Ivan Maggini, Lorenz Hunziker, and Barbara König. 2004. “Interactions between Red-Billed Oxpeckers and Black Rhinos in Captivity.” Zoo Biology 23 (September): 347–54. https://doi.org/10.1002/zoo.20013.

Middleton, Arthur D., Matthew J. Kauffman, Douglas E. McWhirter, John G. Cook, Rachel C. Cook, Abigail A. Nelson, Michael D. Jimenez, and Robert W. Klaver. 2013. “Animal Migration amid Shifting Patterns of Phenology and Predation: Lessons from a Yellowstone Elk Herd.” Ecology 94 (6): 1245–56. https://doi.org/10.1890/11-2298.1.

Mogerman, Josh. 2010. “Canis Lupus Listed: Wolves Regain Endangered Species Status.” NRDC. August 6, 2010. https://www.nrdc.org/media/2010/100806.

Monbiot, George. 2014. Feral: Rewilding the Land, the Sea, and Human Life. London: University of Chicago Press. https://press.uchicago.edu/ucp/books/book/chicago/F/bo19341756.html.

Musiani, M., C. Mamo, L. Boitani, S. Breck, C. Callaghan, C. Gates, and G. Volpi. 2003. “Wolf Depredation Trends and the Use of Fladry Barriers to Protect Livestock in Western North America.Conservation.” Biology 17 (6): 1538–47. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2003.00063.x.

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Nelson, Abigail, Matthew J. Kauffman, Arthur D. Middleton, Mike Jimenez, Douglas McWhirter, Jarrett Barber, and Ken Gerow. 2012. “Elk Migration Patterns and Human Activity Influence Wolf Habitat Use in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem.” Ecological Applications. https://doi.org/10.1890/11-1829.1.

“Northern Rocky Mountains Gray Wolf.” n.d. Center for Biological Diversity. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.biologicaldiversity.org/species/mammals/northern_Rocky_Mountains_gray_wolf/index.html.

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“Pollinators - Hummingbirds.” n.d. National Park Service. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.nps.gov/articles/hummingbirds.htm.

“Prairie Dog.” n.d. Defenders of Wildlife. Accessed September 23, 2021. https://defenders.org/wildlife/prairie-dog.

Ripple, William J., Robert L. Beschta, Jennifer K. Fortin, and Charles T. Robbins. 2014. “Trophic Cascades from Wolves to Grizzly Bears in Yellowstone.” Journal of Animal Ecology 83 (1): 223–33. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2656.12123.

“Rocky Mountain Wolf Project.” n.d. Rocky Mountain Wolf Project. Accessed September 4, 2021. https://www.rockymountainwolfproject.org/.

Silliman, Brian R, and Christine Angelini. n.d. “Trophic Cascades Across Diverse Plant Ecosystems.” Nature Education Knowledge 3 (10): 44.

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Wagner, Stephen C. 2010. “Keystone Species.” Nature Education Knowledge 3 (10): 51.

Ward, Tamara. 2019. “How Artificial Intelligence Could Change Conservation.” E&E News, November 2019. https://www.eenews.net/greenwire/stories/1061610079/search.

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“Wildlife.” 2013. Yellowstone National Park. 2013. http://www.yellowstonenationalpark.com/wildlife.htm.

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“Wolf Restoration - Yellowstone National Park.” n.d. National Park Service. Accessed September 23, 2021. https://www.nps.gov/yell/learn/nature/wolf-restoration.htm.

Yong, Ed. 2013. “The Man Whose Dynasty Changed Ecology.” Scientific American. January 16, 2013. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-man-whose-dynasty-changed-ecology/.

Zanette, Liana Y., Emma C. Hobbs, Lauren E. Witterick, Scott A. MacDougall-Shackleton, and Michael Clinchy. 2019. “Predator-Induced Fear Causes PTSD-like Changes in the Brains and Behaviour of Wild Animals.” Scientific Reports 9 (August): 11474. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47684-6.

Grazing Ecology

Alexander, R. McN. 1993. “The Relative Merits of Foregut and Hindgut Fermentation.” Journal of Zoology 231 (3): 391–401. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1993.tb01927.x.

Anderson, Roger C. 2006. “Evolution and Origin of the Central Grassland of North America: Climate, Fire, and Mammalian Grazers.” The Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 133 (4): 626–47.

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Rewilding Pollinators

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Hemes, Kyle S., Samuel D. Chamberlain, Elke Eichelmann, Sara H. Knox, and Dennis D. Baldocchi. 2018. “A Biogeochemical Compromise: The High Methane Cost of Sequestering Carbon in Restored Wetlands.” Geophysical Research Letters 45 (12): 6081–91. https://doi.org/10.1029/2018gl077747.

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Höper, Heinrich, J.P.Cagampan Jürgen Augustin, M. Drösler, Lars Lundin, Eddy Moors, Harri Vasander, James Waddington, and David Wilson. 2008. Restoration of Peatlands and Greenhouse Gas Balances. Edited by Maria Strack. Finland: International Peat Society. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/37792364_Restoration_of_peatlands_and_greenhouse_gas_balances.

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Kaplan, Matt. 2008. “Fish Help to Spread Forest Seeds.” Nature, February. https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2008.555.

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Libonati, Renata, Carlos C. DaCamara, Leonardo F. Peres, Lino A. Sander de Carvalho, and Letícia C. Garcia. 2020. “Rescue Brazil’s Burning Pantanal Wetlands.” Nature 588 (7837): 217–19. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-03464-1.

Londoño, Ernesto. 2017. “Brazil Wavers on Environment, and Earth’s Largest Wetland Starts to Wither.” The New York Times, December 23, 2017, sec. World. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/23/world/americas/brazil-pantanal-wetlands-michel-temer.html.

Marengo, Jose A., Ana P. Cunha, Luz Adriana Cuartas, Karinne R. Deusdará Leal, Elisangela Broedel, Marcelo E. Seluchi, Camila Miranda Michelin, et al. 2021. “Extreme Drought in the Brazilian Pantanal in 2019–2020: Characterization, Causes, and Impacts.” Frontiers in Water 3: 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/frwa.2021.639204.

Martino, Ronald L., and Stephen F. Greb. 2009. “Walking Trails of the Giant Terrestrial Arthropod Arthropleura from the Upper Carboniferous of Kentucky.” Journal of Paleontology 83 (1): 140–46. https://doi.org/10.1666/08-093R.1.

Mcowen, Chris, Lauren Weatherdon, Jan-Willem Bochove, Emma Sullivan, Simon Blyth, Christoph Zockler, Damon Stanwell-Smith, et al. 2017. “A Global Map of Saltmarshes.” Biodiversity Data Journal 5 (March): e11764. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11764.

Mega, Emiliano Rodríguez. 2020. “‘Apocalyptic’ Fires Are Ravaging the World’s Largest Tropical Wetland.” Nature 586 (7827): 20–21. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02716-4.

Mitsch, W.J., U. Mander, B. Bernal, R. Lal, and L. Zhang. 2018. “The Role of Wetland Processes in the Global Carbon Cycle and Climate Change.” American Geophysical Union 41 (December). https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AGUFM.B41E2755M/abstract.

Moomaw, William R., G. L. Chmura, Gillian T. Davies, C. M. Finlayson, B. A. Middleton, Susan M. Natali, J. E. Perry, N. Roulet, and Ariana E. Sutton-Grier. 2018. “Wetlands In a Changing Climate: Science, Policy and Management.” Wetlands 38 (April): 183–205. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-018-1023-8.

Nations, United. n.d. “Protection and Preservation of Wetlands.” UN Sustainable Development. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/partnership/?p=11874.

Nel, André, Jakub Prokop, Martina Pecharová, Michael S. Engel, and Romain Garrouste. 2018. “Palaeozoic Giant Dragonflies Were Hawker Predators.” Scientific Reports 8 (August): 12141. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30629-w.

O’Doherty, Caroline. 2021. “Bord Na Móna Confirms It Has Ended Peat Harvesting for Good.” Independent.Ie, January 14, 2021. https://www.independent.ie/news/bord-na-mona-confirms-it-has-ended-peat-harvesting-for-good-39970397.html.

Olson, David M., Eric Dinerstein, Eric D. Wikramanayake, Neil D. Burgess, George V. N. Powell, Emma C. Underwood, Jennifer A. D’amico, et al. 2001. “Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New Map of Life on Earth: A New Global Map of Terrestrial Ecoregions Provides an Innovative Tool for Conserving Biodiversity.” BioScience 51 (11): 933–38. https://doi.org/10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2.

Oviedo, Gonzalo, and Mariam Kenza Ali. 2018. “The Relationship of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities with Wetlands.” Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. https://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/indigenous_peoples_local_communities_wetlands_e.pdf.

Page, Susan E., John O. Rieley, and Christopher J. Banks. 2011. “Global and Regional Importance of the Tropical Peatland Carbon Pool.” Global Change Biology 17 (2): 798–818. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2010.02279.x.

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“Park Statistics - Grand Teton National Park.” 2019. National Park Service. April 12, 2019. https://www.nps.gov/grte/learn/management/statistics.htm.

Pearce, Melanie, and Luke Wong. 2017. “Why Do Pelicans Only Land in Some Inland Areas?” ABC News, October 18, 2017. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2017-10-19/curious-central-west-why-pelicans-prefer-some-places/9054518.

“Peatlands.” n.d. Western Pennsylvania Conservancy. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://waterlandlife.org/wildlife-pnhp/special-places-2/peatlands/.

Planet Earth II. 2017. Grasslands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNJY7uIPXog.

Pollastri, Tatiana, and David Biller. 2021. “As Brazil’s Wetlands Burned, Government Did Little to Help.” AP NEWS, April 26, 2021. https://apnews.com/article/brazil-wetlands-animals-wildlife-latin-america-242091863afb68509456bd8440caa8b9.

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“Regional Highlights - Global Fire Emissions Database.” 2020. Global Fire Data. 2020. http://www.globalfiredata.org/regional.html#matogrosso.

“Results of the 2018 Bioblitz.” n.d. The Wetlands Initiative. Accessed October 5, 2021. http://www.wetlands-initiative.org/new-bioblitz-results.

Richardson, Curtis J. 2018. “Mesopotamian Marshes of Iraq.” The Wetland Book, May, 1685–95. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4001-3_70.

“Rift Valley.” 2015. National Geographic. June 15, 2015. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/rift-valley/.

Robbins, Jim. 2017. “Why the World’s Rivers Are Losing Sediment and Why It Matters.” Yale E360. June 20, 2017. https://e360.yale.edu/features/why-the-worlds-rivers-are-losing-sediment-and-why-it-matters.

“Russian Federation.” 2018. IAEA. 2018. https://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/cnpp2018/countryprofiles/Russia/Russia.htm.

Sahrawat, Lal and Kanwar. 2004. “Terminal Electron Acceptors for Controlling Methane Emissions from Submerged Rice Soils.” Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis 35 (9): 1401–13. https://doi.org/10.1081/CSS-120037554.

Sanderman, Jonathan. 2019. “Global Mangrove Soil Carbon: Dataset and Spatial Maps.” Harvard Dataverse. https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/OCYUIT.

Sanderman, Jonathan, Tomislav Hengl, Greg Fiske, Kylen Solvik, Maria Fernanda Adame, Lisa Benson, Jacob J. Bukoski, et al. 2018. “A Global Map of Mangrove Forest Soil Carbon at 30m Spatial Resolution.” Environmental Research Letters 13 (5): 055002. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabe1c.

Simard, M., T. Fatoyinbo, C. Smetanka, V. H. Rivera-Monroy, E. Castaneda, N. Thomas, and T. Van Der Stocken. 2019. “Global Mangrove Distribution, Aboveground Biomass, and Canopy Height.” ORNL DAAC, May. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1665.

Slater, Ben. 2011. “Fossil Focus: Coal Swamps.” Palaeontology [Online] (blog). September 1, 2011. https://www.palaeontologyonline.com/articles/2011/fossil-focus-coal-swamps/.

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Sousa, Luis M. de, Laura Poggio, Niels H. Batjes, Gerard B. M. Heuvelink, Bas Kempen, Eloi Riberio, and David Rossiter. 2020. “SoilGrids 2.0: Producing Quality-Assessed Soil Information for Theglobe.” Preprint. Soils and the natural environment. https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-2020-65.

Sparrow, Jeff. 2020. “Undraining the Swamp: How Rewilders Have Reclaimed Golf Courses and Waterways.” The Guardian, September 10, 2020, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/11/undraining-the-swamp-how-rewilders-have-reclaimed-golf-courses-and-waterways.

Spawn, S. A., and H. K. Gibbs. 2020. “Global Aboveground and Belowground Biomass Carbon Density Maps for the Year 2010.” ORNL DAAC, March. https://doi.org/10.3334/ORNLDAAC/1763.

Steimel, Dirck. 2020. “Farmers See Value in Wetlands.” Iowa Farm Bureau. May 18, 2020. https://www.iowafarmbureau.com/Article/Farmers-see-value-in-wetlands.

Szalay, Jessie. 2017. “Lake Baikal: World’s Largest, Deepest Lake.” Live Science. January 27, 2017. https://www.livescience.com/57653-lake-baikal-facts.html.

Tcvetkov, P.S. 2017. “The History, Present Status and Future Prospects of the Russian Fuel Peat Industry.” Mires and Peat 19 (14): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.19189/MaP.2016.OMB.256.

Telesca, Luca, Andrea Belluscio, Alessandro Criscoli, Giandomenico Ardizzone, Eugenia T. Apostolaki, Simonetta Fraschetti, Michele Gristina, et al. 2015. “Seagrass Meadows (Posidonia Oceanica) Distribution and Trajectories of Change.” Scientific Reports 5 (1): 12505. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep12505.

Texas Parks and Wildlife. 2017. Wondrous Wetlands | Whiteboard. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V-aQLwnJKWc&t=38s.

“The Carboniferous Period.” n.d. UC Museum of Paleontology. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/carboniferous/carboniferous.php.

“The Importance of Wetlands.” n.d. Ramsar. Accessed October 5, 2021. https://www.ramsar.org/about/the-importance-of-wetlands.

The Secrets of Nature. 2015. Bohemia - A Year in the Wetlands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gwk71FP19K4.

“The Story of Peat in Ireland.” n.d. Ireland 2050. Accessed October 14, 2021. http://ireland2050.ie/past/peat/.

Thomas, Nathan, Richard Lucas, Peter Bunting, Andrew Hardy, Ake Rosenqvist, and Marc Simard. 2017. “Distribution and Drivers of Global Mangrove Forest Change, 1996–2010.” Edited by Shijo Joseph. PLOS ONE 12 (6): e0179302. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179302.

Thomson, Jimmy. 2020. “One Key Solution to the World’s Climate Woes? Canada’s Natural Landscapes.” The Narwhal (blog). July 8, 2020. https://thenarwhal.ca/climate-canadas-natural-landscapes/.

Tillyard, Robin John. 1917a. The Biology of Dragonflies: (Odonata Or Paraneuroptera). CUP Archive. https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=J584AAAAIAAJ&pg=PA324&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false.

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Tiner, R. W. 2009. “Ecology of Wetlands: Classification Systems.” In Encyclopedia of Inland Waters, 516–25. Elsevier. https://www.sciencedirect.com/referencework/9780123706263/encyclopedia-of-inland-waters.

Toner, Emily. 2018. “Power from Peat—More Polluting than Coal—Is on Its Way out in Ireland.” Science, December 12, 2018. https://www.science.org/content/article/power-peat-more-polluting-coal-its-way-out-ireland.

Twombly, Matt. 2020. “People of the Pantanal.” World Wildlife Magazine, 2020. https://www.worldwildlife.org/magazine/issues/spring-2020/articles/people-of-the-pantanal.

“Types of Peatlands.” n.d. International Peatland Society. Accessed September 15, 2021. https://peatlands.org/peatlands/types-of-peatlands/.

UNEP-WCMC, and Frederick T. Short. 2005. “Global Distribution of Seagrasses.” WMS; KML (.kml); Vector (polygon); Vector (point). United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre (UNEP-WCMC). https://doi.org/10.34892/X6R3-D211.

University of Minnesota. 2021. “Protecting Local Water Has Global Benefits.” ScienceDaily. May 11, 2021. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2021/05/210511092001.htm.

USGCRP. 2018. “Second State of the Carbon Cycle Report.” Washington D.C.: U.S. Global Change Research Program. https://carbon2018.globalchange.govhttps://carbon2018.globalchange.gov/chapter/13.

Voiland, Adam. 2020. “Fires Char the Pantanal.” NASA Earth Observatory. August 27, 2020. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/147269/fires-char-the-pantanal.

Wagner, Warren H, Ernest M Gifford, and John T Mickel. 2016. “Equisetopsida.” In Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/plant/Equisetidae.

“Water and Sanitation.” 2018. United Nations Sustainable Development. 2018. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/water-and-sanitation/.

Weikle, Brandie. 2021. “Canada’s Swamps Are the Secret Weapon to Fighting Climate Change, Say Experts | CBC Radio.” CBC. May 12, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/radio/whatonearth/canada-s-swamps-are-the-secret-weapon-to-fighting-climate-change-say-experts-1.6022340.

“Wetlands.” 2017. Reports and Assessments. EPA. November 2, 2017. https://www.epa.gov/report-environment/wetlands.

Wetlands: A Natural Solution to Climate Change. 2019. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TRTVi32I0Rg.

“Wetlands and Indigenous Values.” 2016. Australian Government Department of the Environment. https://www.environment.gov.au/system/files/resources/b04e5e2a-4256-4548-974e-00f7d84670a9/files/factsheet-wetlands-indigenous-values.pdf.

“Wetlands in Russia.” n.d. Wetlands International Russia. https://russia.wetlands.org/wetlands/wetlands-in-russia/.

“Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Sites).” n.d. Ramsar. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.ramsar.org/about/wetlands-of-international-importance-ramsar-sites.

“Wetlands: Why Should I Care?” 2015. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. https://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/factsheet1_why_should_i_care_0.pdf.

“Wetlands: Why Should I Care?” n.d. https://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/documents/library/factsheet1_why_should_i_care_0.pdf.

“What Is Biodiversity and Why Do We Need It?” 2020. WWT. July 12, 2020. https://www.wwt.org.uk/news-and-stories/blog/what-is-biodiversity-and-why-do-we-need-it.

“World of Change: Yellow River Delta.” 2010. NASA Earth Observatory. January 26, 2010. https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/world-of-change/YellowRiver.

Xu, Jiren, Paul J. Morris, Junguo Liu, and Joseph Holden. 2017. “PEATMAP: Refining Estimates of Global Peatland Distribution Based on a Meta-Analysis.” University of Leeds. https://archive.researchdata.leeds.ac.uk/251/.

Zhu, Changming, Xin Zhang, and Qiaohua Huang. 2018. “Four Decades of Estuarine Wetland Changes in the Yellow River Delta Based on Landsat Observations between 1973 and 2013.” Water 10 (7): 17–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/w10070933.

Beavers

“About Beavers.” 2019. Beavers: Wetlands & Wildlife. July 2, 2019. https://www.beaversww.org/about-beavers/.

Bailey, David R., Benjamin J. Dittbrenner, and Ken P. Yocom. 2019. “Reintegrating the North American Beaver (Castor Canadensis) in the Urban Landscape.” WIREs Water 6 (1): e1323. https://doi.org/10.1002/wat2.1323.

Baker, Bruce W., and Edward P. Hill. 2003. “Beaver (Castor Canadensis).” In Wild Mammals of North America: Biology, Management, and Conservation, edited by G. A. Feldhamer, B. C. Thompson, and J. A. Chapman, 2nd ed., 288–310. Baltimore, Maryland, USA: Johns Hopkins University Press. http://nebula.wsimg.com/da97f656b6eb1d536a53a4c21462cb4b?AccessKeyId=2CD06EEF7CF6FD29860F&disposition=0&alloworigin=1.

Dittbrenner, Benjamin J. 2019. “Restoration Potential of Beaver for Hydrological Resilience in a Changing Climate.” Thesis, University of Washington. https://digital.lib.washington.edu:443/researchworks/handle/1773/44263.

Goldfarb, Ben. 2018a. Eager: The Surprising, Secret Life of Beavers and Why They Matter. Chelsea Green Publishing.

———. 2018b. “They Will Build It.” BioGraphic (blog). November 22, 2018. https://www.biographic.com/they-will-build-it/.

———. 2018c. “In Praise of Urban Beavers.” Center for Humans & Nature. December 11, 2018. https://www.humansandnature.org/in-praise-of-urban-beavers.

Halley, Duncan, Frank Rosell, and Alexander Saveljev. 2012. “Population and Distribution of Eurasian Beaver (Castor Fiber).” Baltic Forestry, January.

“Leave It to Beavers.” 2014. PBS. April 9, 2014. https://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/leave-it-to-beavers-production-credits/8860/.

Müller-Schwarze, Dietland, and Lixing Sun. 2003. The Beaver: Natural History of a Wetlands Engineer. Cornell University Press.

Naiman, Robert J., Carol A. Johnston, and James C. Kelley. 1988. “Alteration of North American Streams by Beaver.” BioScience 38 (11): 753–62. https://doi.org/10.2307/1310784.

Pollock, Michael M., George R. Pess, Timothy J. Beechie, and David R. Montgomery. 2004. “The Importance of Beaver Ponds to Coho Salmon Production in the Stillaguamish River Basin, Washington, USA.” North American Journal of Fisheries Management 24 (3): 749–60. https://doi.org/10.1577/M03-156.1.

Seton, Earnest Thompson. 1929. Lives of Game Animals. Vol. 4. New York: Doubleday, Doran and Co.

“The Beaver Whisperers.” n.d. Earth Touch News Network. Accessed August 16, 2021. https://www.earthtouchnews.com//video-on-demand/the-beaver-whisperers/#.

White, H. Bryant, Thomas Decker, Michael J. O’Brien, John F. Organ, and Nathan M. Roberts. 2015. “Trapping and Furbearer Management in North American Wildlife Conservation.” The International Journal of Environmental Studies 72 (5): 756–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207233.2015.1019297.

Bioregions

abuckley. 2015. “Cascadia Graces the Cover of the 2015 Esri Map Book.” ArcGIS Blog (blog). May 22, 2015. https://www.esri.com/arcgis-blog/products/product/mapping/cascadia-graces-the-cover-of-the-2015-esri-map-book/.

Berg, Peter. 2002. “Bioregionalism.” Planet Drum. 2002. http://www.planetdrum.org/bioregion_bioregionalism_defined.htm#Bioregionalism.

Evanoff, Richard. 2017. “Bioregionalism: A Brief Introduction and Overview.” The Aoyama Journal of International Politics, Economics and Communication 99 (November): 11.

Garber, Megan. 2017. “What Does ‘Community’ Mean?” The Atlantic. July 3, 2017. https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2017/07/what-does-community-mean/532518/.

“Global Safety Net.” n.d. Global Safety Net. Accessed August 12, 2021. http://www.globalsafetynet.app/viewer/.

Henkel, William B. 1993. “Cascadia: A State of (Various) Mind(s).” Chicago Review 39 (3/4): 110–18. https://doi.org/10.2307/25305728.

McCloskey, David. 2015. “Map of Cascadia.” Cascadia Institute. https://cascadia-institute.org/images/Cascadia-Map-big.png.

“One Earth.” n.d. One Earth. Accessed August 16, 2021. https://www.oneearth.org/bioregions/.

“Welcome to Salmon Nation.” n.d. Salmon Nation. Accessed August 12, 2021. https://salmonnation.net/.

Wilding

“Background | Knepp Wildland.” n.d. Knepp Wildland. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://knepp.co.uk/background.

Barkham, Patrick. 2018. “The Magical Wilderness Farm: Raising Cows among the Weeds at Knepp.” The Guardian, June 15, 2018, sec. Environment. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jun/15/the-magical-wilderness-farm-raising-cows-among-the-weeds-at-knepp.

“Clay Soils: Plants For.” n.d. RHS. Accessed September 29, 2021. http://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=305.

Goodman, Pamela. 2020. “The Extraordinary Rewilding of Knepp Castle.” House & Garden, October 3, 2020. https://www.houseandgarden.co.uk/gallery/knepp-castle-in-sussex.

“Knepp Safaris.” n.d. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.kneppsafaris.co.uk/whats-on/.

“Rewiliding.” n.d. Knepp Wild Range Meat. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.kneppwildrangemeat.co.uk/rewilding.

Tree, Isabella. 2018a. “Creating a Mess – The Knepp Rewilding Project.” In Practice, June 2018. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/595ca91bebbd1a1d0aaab285/t/5b1af97b1ae6cfcbab41befa/1528494463789/InPractice100_Jun2018_Knepp+%28003%29.pdf.

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Wild Things

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Land

Introduction

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Amundson, Ronald, and Léopold Biardeau. 2018. “Opinion: Soil Carbon Sequestration Is an Elusive Climate Mitigation Tool.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (46): 11652–56. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815901115.

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Bossio, D. A., S. C. Cook-Patton, P. W. Ellis, J. Fargione, J. Sanderman, P. Smith, S. Wood, et al. 2020. “The Role of Soil Carbon in Natural Climate Solutions.” Nature Sustainability 3 (5): 391–98. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-020-0491-z.

Brown, Gabe. 2018. Dirt to Soil: One Family’s Journey into Regenerative Agriculture. Chelsea Green Publishing.

Byrd, Kristin B., Laurel Ballanti, Nathan Thomas, Dung Nguyen, James R. Holmquist, Marc Simard, and Lisamarie Windham-Myers. 2018. “A Remote Sensing-Based Model of Tidal Marsh Aboveground Carbon Stocks for the Conterminous United States.” ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 139 (May): 255–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.03.019.

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Moledor, Sara, Ali Chalak, Monika Fabian, and Salma Talhouk. 2016. “Socioeconomic Dynamics of Vermicomposting Systems in Lebanon.” Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development, 1–24. https://doi.org/10.5304/jafscd.2016.064.007.

Musyoka, Sonnia Nzilani, David Mbeva Liti, Erick Ogello, and Herwig Waidbacher. 2019. “Utilization of the Earthworm, Eisenia Fetida (Savigny, 1826) as an Alternative Protein Source in Fish Feeds Processing: A Review.” Aquaculture Research 50 (9): 2301–15. https://doi.org/10.1111/are.14091.

Nigussie, Abebe, Thomas W. Kuyper, Sander Bruun, and Andreas De Neergaard. 2016. “Vermicomposting as a Technology for Reducing Nitrogen Losses and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Small-Scale Composting.” Journal of Cleaner Production 139: 429–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.08.058.

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Rainmakers

Alley, William M., and Rosemarie Alley. 2017. High and Dry: Meeting the Challenges of the World’s Growing Dependence on Groundwater. Illustrated edition. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.

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Creamean, J. M., J. N. Cross, R. Pickart, L. McRaven, P. Lin, A. Pacini, R. Hanlon, et al. 2019. “Ice Nucleating Particles Carried From Below a Phytoplankton Bloom to the Arctic Atmosphere.” Geophysical Research Letters 46 (14): 8572–81. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019GL083039.

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Biochar

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Bates, Albert, and Kathleen Draper. 2019. Burn: Using Fire to Cool the Earth. Chelsea Green Publishing. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Burn/FBWGDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=cancel.

Bates, Albert K. 2010. The Biochar Solution: Carbon Farming and Climate Change. Illustrated edition. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society Publishers.

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Craggs, Geoffrey. 2020. “Doug Pow: Practical Regenerative Agriculture.” Future Directions International (blog). February 18, 2020. https://www.futuredirections.org.au/publication/doug-pow-practical-regenerative-agriculture-biochar/.

Czigler, Thomas, Sebastian Reiter, Patrick Schulze, and Ken Somers. 2020. “Laying the Foundation for Zero-Carbon Cement.” McKinsey & Company. May 14, 2020. http://ceros.mckinsey.com/climate-change-promo-desktop.

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Fry, Jeff. n.d. Biochar for Home Gardeners: A Guide to Producing, Charging, and Applying Biochar to Dramatically Improve Soil and Plant Health. Kindle.

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Goreau, Thomas J., Ronal W. Larson, and Joanna Campe. 2014. Geotherapy: Innovative Methods of Soil Fertility Restoration, Carbon Sequestration, and Reversing CO2 Increase. CRC Press.

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Heckenberger, Michael J., Afukaka Kuikuro, Urissapá Tabata Kuikuro, J. Christian Russell, Morgan Schmidt, Carlos Fausto, and Bruna Franchetto. 2003. “Amazonia 1492: Pristine Forest or Cultural Parkland?” Science 301 (5640): 1710–14. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1086112.

Imbabi, Mohammed S., Collette Carrigan, and Sean McKenna. 2012. “Trends and Developments in Green Cement and Concrete Technology.” International Journal of Sustainable Built Environment 1 (2): 194–216. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijsbe.2013.05.001.

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Jehne, Walter. 2017. “Regenerate Earth: The Practical Drawdown of 20 Billion Tonnes of Carbon Back into Soils Annually, to Rehydrate Bio-Systems and Safely Cool Climates.” Urban Drawdown Initiative. May 2017. https://urbandrawdown.solutions/resource-database/regenerate-earth.

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Joseph, Stephen, Doug Pow, Kathy Dawson, David R. G. Mitchell, Aditya Rawal, James Hook, Sarasadat Taherymoosavi, et al. 2015. “Feeding Biochar to Cows: An Innovative Solution for Improving Soil Fertility and Farm Productivity.” Pedosphere, Special Issue on Application of Biochars for Soil Constraints: Challenges and Solutions, 25 (5): 666–79. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1002-0160(15)30047-3.

Kuzyakov, Yakov, Irina Bogomolova, and Bruno Glaser. 2014. “Biochar Stability in Soil: Decomposition during Eight Years and Transformation as Assessed by Compound-Specific 14C Analysis.” Soil Biology and Biochemistry 70 (March): 229–36. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2013.12.021.

Lee, James Weifu, Bob Hawkins, Xiaonian Li, and Danny M. Day. 2013. “Biochar Fertilizer for Soil Amendment and Carbon Sequestration.” In Advanced Biofuels and Bioproducts, edited by James W. Lee, 57–68. New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3348-4_6.

Lehmann, Johannes, John Gaunt, and Marco Rondon. 2006. “Bio-Char Sequestration in Terrestrial Ecosystems – A Review.” Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change 11 (2): 403–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-005-9006-5.

Leng, R A, Sangkhom Inthapanya, and T R Preston. 2012. “Biochar Lowers Net Methane Production from Rumen Fluid in Vitro.” Livestock Research for Rural Development 24 (6). http://www.lrrd.org/lrrd24/6/sang24103.htm.

Leng, Ron, Sangkhom Inthapanya, and Thomas Preston. 2012. “Biochar Lowers Net Methane Production from Rumen Fluid in Vitro.” Livestock Research for Rural Development 24 (January).

Levitan, Dave. 2010. “Refilling the Carbon Sink: Biochar’s Potential and Pitfalls.” Yale E360. December 2010. https://e360.yale.edu/features/refilling_the_carbon_sink_biochars_potential_and_pitfalls.

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Liz Packwood. 2015. Doug Pow Biochar Cows Dung Beetles Avocado Trials. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6-je_trSuYA.

Lorenz, Klaus, and Rattan Lal. 2014. “Biochar Application to Soil for Climate Change Mitigation by Soil Organic Carbon Sequestration.” Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 177 (5): 651–70. https://doi.org/10.1002/jpln.201400058.

Major, Julie. 2010. “Guidelines on Practical Aspects of Biochar Application to Field Soil in Various Soil Management Systems.” International Biochar Initiative. https://www.biochar-international.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/IBI_Biochar_Application.pdf.

Minx, Jan C., William F. Lamb, Max W. Callaghan, Sabine Fuss, Jérôme Hilaire, Felix Creutzig, Thorben Amann, et al. 2018. “Negative Emissions—Part 1: Research Landscape and Synthesis.” Environmental Research Letters 13 (6): 063001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aabf9b.

“Mission Possible: Reaching Net-Zero Carbon Emissions by Harder-To-Abate Sectors By Mid-Century - Report Summary.” 2018. Energy Transitions Commission. https://www.energy-transitions.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/ETC_MissionPossible_ReportSummary_English.pdf.

Paz-Ferreiro, Jorge, Chenfei Liang, Shenglei Fu, Ana Mendez, and Gabriel Gasco. 2015. “The Effect of Biochar and Its Interaction with the Earthworm Pontoscolex Corethrurus on Soil Microbial Community Structure in Tropical Soils.” PLoS ONE 10 (4): e0124891. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0124891.

Pow, Doug. 2015. Biochar and Dung Beetles with Doug Pow. Talkin’ Soil Health Conference. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_JPoItRWYSQ.

Rawat, Jyoti, Jyoti Saxena, and Pankaj Sanwal. 2019. Biochar: A Sustainable Approach for Improving Plant Growth and Soil Properties. Biochar - An Imperative Amendment for Soil and the Environment. IntechOpen. https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.82151.

Rice University. 2020. “Biochar Helps Hold Water, Saves Money: Rice Study Shows Sandy Soils Benefit Most by Retaining Water, Cutting Irrigation Needs.” ScienceDaily. October 19, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201019125519.htm.

Roberts, Kelli G., Brent A. Gloy, Stephen Joseph, Norman R. Scott, and Johannes Lehmann. 2010. “Life Cycle Assessment of Biochar Systems: Estimating the Energetic, Economic, and Climate Change Potential.” Environmental Science & Technology 44 (2): 827–33. https://doi.org/10.1021/es902266r.

Roobroeck, Dries. 2019. “Crop Leftovers Can Store Huge Amounts of Carbon: Insights from Uganda.” The Conversation. October 13, 2019. http://theconversation.com/crop-leftovers-can-store-huge-amounts-of-carbon-insights-from-uganda-124322.

Schmidt, Hans-Peter. 2012. “55 Uses of Biochar.” Ithaka Journal 1/2012: 286–89.

Schmidt, Hans-Peter, Nikolas Hagemann, Kathleen Draper, and Claudia Kammann. 2019. “The Use of Biochar in Animal Feeding.” PeerJ 7: e7373. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7373.

Schultz, Stacey. 2013. “Biochar Clean Cookstoves Boost Health for People and Crops.” National Geographic. January 31, 2013. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/130129-biochar-clean-cookstoves.

Smith, Pete. 2016. “Soil Carbon Sequestration and Biochar as Negative Emission Technologies.” Global Change Biology 22 (3): 1315–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.13178.

Spears, Stefanie. 2018. “What Is Biochar?” Regeneration International (blog). May 16, 2018. https://regenerationinternational.org/2018/05/16/what-is-biochar/.

Stiesdal, Henrik. 2019. “Stiesdal Storage Technologies: SkyClean Carbon - Negative Fuel Concept.” January 1. https://www.stiesdal.com/material/2019/02/Stiesdal-SkyClean-01.01.19.pdf.

“Stockholm Biochar Project.” 2018. Nordregio. June 29, 2018. https://nordregio.org/sustainable_cities/stockholm-biochar-project/.

Surampalli, Rao Y. 2015. Carbon Capture and Storage: Physical, Chemical, and Biological Methods. Reston, Virginia: American Society of Civil Engineers. http://ascelibrary.org/doi/book/10.1061/9780784413678.

“Terra Preta de Indio.” n.d. Cornell University Department of Crop and Soil Sciences. Accessed September 28, 2021. http://www.css.cornell.edu/faculty/lehmann/research/terra%20preta/terrapretamain.html.

“The Science of Biochar.” n.d. Wakefield Biochar (blog). Accessed August 16, 2021. https://www.wakefieldbiochar.com/science-of-biochar/.

Wake Forest University. 2019. “Biochar: A Better Start to Rain Forest Restoration.” ScienceDaily. August 30, 2019. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/08/190830162300.htm.

Wakefield Biochar. 2015. “What Happens To Biochar Right After It Is Made? | Plant Science, Agriculture Education, Soil Health.” Pinterest. March 5, 2015. https://www.pinterest.com/pin/415457134358008732/.

Weber, Kathrin, and Peter Quicker. 2018. “Properties of Biochar.” Fuel 217 (April): 240–61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.12.054.

Weyers, Sharon L., and Kurt A. Spokas. 2011. “Impact of Biochar on Earthworm Populations: A Review.” Applied and Environmental Soil Science 2011 (October): e541592. https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/541592.

Woolf, Dominic, James E. Amonette, F. Alayne Street-Perrott, Johannes Lehmann, and Stephen Joseph. 2010. “Sustainable Biochar to Mitigate Global Climate Change.” Nature Communications 1 (1): 56. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms1053.

Call of the Reed Warbler

Browne, Amy. 2019. “From the Ground Up – Regenerative Agriculture.” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6vQW8Tl_KLc.

“Land Cover | FAOSTAT.” n.d. FAO. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/LC.

“Land Use | FAOSTAT.” n.d. FAO. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/RL.

Massy, Charles. 2018. Call of the Reed Warbler: A New Agriculture, A New Earth. Chelsea Green Publishing.

People

Introduction

Black, Derek W. 2016. Ending Zero Tolerance: The Crisis of Absolute School Discipline. New York: NYU Press.

Brzezinski, Nadin. 2019. “The Climate Emergency Is Here: Population Flows.” Age of Awareness (blog). June 11, 2019. https://medium.com/age-of-awareness/the-climate-emergency-is-here-population-flows-635818145486.

Chersich, Matthew Francis, Minh Duc Pham, Ashtyn Areal, Marjan Mosalam Haghighi, Albert Manyuchi, Callum P. Swift, Bianca Wernecke, et al. 2020. “Associations between High Temperatures in Pregnancy and Risk of Preterm Birth, Low Birth Weight, and Stillbirths: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.” BMJ 371 (November): m3811. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3811.

Cohen, Sacha Baron. 2019. “Sacha Baron Cohen’s Keynote Address at ADL’s 2019 Never Is Now Summit on Anti-Semitism and Hate.” Anti-Defamation League. November 21, 2019. https://www.adl.org/news/article/sacha-baron-cohens-keynote-address-at-adls-2019-never-is-now-summit-on-anti-semitism.

“Creek (Mvskoke).” n.d. The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://www.okhistory.org/publications/enc/entry.php?entry=CR006.

“Displacement Solutions.” n.d. Accessed August 22, 2021. https://displacementsolutions.org/.

Doyle, Glennon. 2020. Untamed. The Dial Press.

Dwyer, Colin. 2019. “Marcelo Gleiser Wins Templeton Prize For Quest To Confront ‘Mystery Of Who We Are.’” NPR. March 19, 2019. https://text.npr.org/704419486.

Gardiner, Beth. 2020. “Unequal Impact: The Deep Links Between Racism and Climate Change.” Yale E360. June 9, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/unequal-impact-the-deep-links-between-inequality-and-climate-change.

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Gutierrez, Benjamin. 2020. “To Solve the Climate and Extinction Crises, Our Societies Must Find the Path of Mindful Development.” Climate Conscious (blog). January 13, 2020. https://medium.com/climate-conscious/to-solve-the-climate-and-extinction-crises-our-societies-need-to-find-the-path-of-mindful-d6b3298d3dc7.

Hannah-Jones, Nikole. 2020. “From the Magazine: ‘It Is Time for Reparations.’” The New York Times, June 24, 2020, sec. Magazine. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/06/24/magazine/reparations-slavery.html.

Hof, Wim. 2020. The Wim Hof Method: Activate Your Full Human Potential. Sounds True.

Holthaus, Eric. 2020. “The Climate Crisis Is Racist. The Answer Is Anti-Racism.” The Correspondent. May 28, 2020. https://thecorrespondent.com/496/the-climate-crisis-is-racist-the-answer-is-anti-racism.

Kimbrough, Liz. 2020. “Human Rights-Based Conservation Is Key to Protecting Biodiversity: Study.” Mongabay Environmental News, December 23, 2020, sec. Environmental news. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/12/human-rights-based-conservation-is-key-to-protecting-biodiversity-study/.

Kobayashi-Solomon, Erik. 2019. “Agriculture, Climate Change, And The Southern Border Crisis.” Medium (blog). May 6, 2019. https://climate-solutions.medium.com/agriculture-climate-change-and-the-southern-border-crisis-8caf16e03565.

Krznaric, Roman. 2020. The Good Ancestor: A Radical Prescription for Long-Term Thinking. New York: The Experiment.

Lerback, Jory C. 2020. “Equity: A Mathematician Shares Her Solution.” Nature 583 (7818): 681–82. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02205-8.

Lesser, Elizabeth. 2020. Cassandra Speaks: When Women Are the Storytellers, the Human Story Changes. New York, NY: Harper Wave.

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Mann, Ramneet. 2020. “Ending Racism in One Generation with Justin Michael Williams.” Commune Community. September 11, 2020. https://www.wecommune.com/posts/8215343.

Markus, Hazel Rose, and Alana Conner. 2014. Clash!: How to Thrive in a Multicultural World. Reprint edition. Plume.

Matser, Eco. 2019. “Climate Change Deniers Violate Human Rights.” TheBeamMagazine (blog). July 12, 2019. https://medium.com/thebeammagazine/climate-change-deniers-violate-human-rights-ff093571533a.

McKibben, Bill. 2021. “There Are No Borders in a Climate Crisis.” The New Yorker, March 31, 2021. https://www.newyorker.com/news/annals-of-a-warming-planet/there-are-no-borders-in-a-climate-crisis.

Milner, Matthew, and Richard Ngata. 2021. “Opinion | The Indigenous Custom behind New Zealand’s Strong Covid-19 Response.” Washington Post, March 11, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2021/03/11/new-zealand-covid-19-maori-indigenous-manaakitanga/.

Murphy, Kate. 2020. “Opinion | Talk Less. Listen More. Here’s How.” The New York Times, January 9, 2020, sec. Opinion. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/09/opinion/listening-tips.html.

Oluo, Ijeoma. 2019. So You Want to Talk About Race. Seal Press.

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Otto, Ilona M., Jonathan F. Donges, Roger Cremades, Avit Bhowmik, Richard J. Hewitt, Wolfgang Lucht, Johan Rockström, et al. 2020. “Social Tipping Dynamics for Stabilizing Earth’s Climate by 2050.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (5): 2354–65. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1900577117.

“Our Voices, Our Environment.” 2017. OVOE. https://www.greengrants.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/OVOE-Analysis.pdf.

Palandijan, Tracy, and Paul Brest. 2020. “After the Pandemic: Addressing the Permanent Crisis With Pay for Success Programs (SSIR).” Stanford Social Innovation Review. March 31, 2020. https://ssir.org/articles/entry/after_the_pandemic_addressing_the_permanent_crisis_with_pay_for_success_programs.

PhD, Kimberly Nicholas. 2021. Under the Sky We Make: How to Be Human in a Warming World. G.P. Putnam’s Sons.

Rowling, Megan. Thomson Reuters Foundation. “Climate Woes Growing for Women, Hit by Displacement and Migration.” News.Trust.Org. Thomson Reuters Foundation. https://news.trust.org/item/20200707051425-a5d5v/.

SDGAction. 2020. Rising Up for Our Lives with Vanessa Nakate. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ms-mru6jMrc.

Sengupta, Somini. 2020. “Read Up on the Links Between Racism and the Environment.” The New York Times, June 5, 2020, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/06/05/climate/racism-climate-change-reading-list.html.

Sengupta, Somini, Catrin Einhorn, and Manuela Andreoni. 2021. “There’s a Global Plan to Conserve Nature. Indigenous People Could Lead the Way.” The New York Times, March 11, 2021, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/11/climate/nature-conservation-30-percent.html.

Stanford University - Natural Capital Project. 2020. “To Protect Nature’s Benefits, Focus on People.” ScienceDaily. October 12, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201012120002.htm.

The New York Times. 2020. “Black Environmentalists Talk About Climate and Anti-Racism,” June 3, 2020, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/03/climate/black-environmentalists-talk-about-climate-and-anti-racism.html.

University of Otago. 2019. “Samoa Climate Change Resilience Challenges Western Perceptions.” ScienceDaily. November 22, 2019. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191122155134.htm.

Washington Post. n.d. “Perspective | I’m a Black Climate Expert. Racism Derails Our Efforts to Save the Planet.” Accessed August 18, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/06/03/im-black-climate-scientist-racism-derails-our-efforts-save-planet/.

“WeTransfer x The World Press Photo Contest.” n.d. WePresent. Accessed August 26, 2021. https://wepresent.wetransfer.com/series/world-press-photo/.

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WIRED UK. 2021. Building a Grassroots Climate Movement with Vanessa Nakate. WIRED Live. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lgPe9KwUoQ8.

Young, Ayana. n.d. “HARSHA WALIA on Dismantling Imagined, Militarized, and Colonial Borders.” FOR THE WILD. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://forthewild.world/listen/harsha-walia-on-dismantling-imagined-militarized-and-colonial-borders-211.

Indigeneity

“10 Things to Know about Indigenous Peoples - United Nations Development Programme.” n.d. UNDP. Accessed August 29, 2021. https://stories.undp.org/10-things-we-all-should-know-about-indigenous-people.

Administration. n.d. “Journal of Global Indigeneity.” Web_content. Macquarie University. (Commonwealth of) Australia. Accessed August 29, 2021. https://www.mq.edu.au/research/research-centres-groups-and-facilities/resilient-societies/centres/forum-for-indigenous-research-excellence/journal-of-global-indigeneity.

Ashoka. 2020. “We Can Partner With Nature To Feed Everybody.” Forbes. October 7, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashoka/2020/10/07/we-can-partner-with-nature-to-feed-everybody/.

Barber, Charles V, Rachael Petersen, Virginia Young, Brendan Mackey, and Cyril Kormos. 2020. “The Nexus Report: Nature Based Solutions to the Biodiversity and Climate Crisis.” F20 Foundations, Campaign for Nature and SEE Foundation. https://www.foundations-20.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/The-Nexus-Report.pdf.

Bates, Albert, and Kathleen Draper. 2019. Burn: Using Fire to Cool the Earth. Chelsea Green Publishing. https://www.google.com/books/edition/Burn/FBWGDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=cancel.

BBC News. 2017. “Amazon Forest ‘Shaped by Pre-Columbian Indigenous Peoples,’” March 3, 2017, sec. Latin America & Caribbean. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-39149334.

Berkes, Fikret. 2012. Sacred Ecology. 3rd edition. New York: Routledge.

Briggs-Cloud, Marcus. n.d. “A Radical Re-Settlement: Walking the Talk on Indigeneity.” A Blade of Grass (blog). Accessed October 11, 2021. https://www.abladeofgrass.org/articles/a-radical-re-settlement/.

Butler, Rhett A. 2019. “People in the Amazon Rainforest.” Mongabay. April 1, 2019. https://rainforests.mongabay.com/amazon/amazon_people.html.

———. 2020. “Everything You Need to Know about the Amazon Rainforest: An Interview with Mark Plotkin.” Mongabay Environmental News, May 5, 2020, sec. Environmental news. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/05/everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-amazon-rainforest-an-interview-with-mark-plotkin/.

Castillo, Bernal Díaz del, and Genora Garcia. 1956. The Discovery and Conquest of Mexico, 1517-1521. Farrar, Straus, and Cudahy.

Clancy, Heather. 2020. “Two If by Sea,” November 25, 2020. https://www.greenbiz.com/newsletter/two-if-sea.

“Culture | United Nations For Indigenous Peoples.” 2015. United Nations. June 5, 2015. https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/mandated-areas1/culture.html/.

“Culture/History – The Muscogee Nation.” n.d. The Muscogee Nation (blog). Accessed September 7, 2021. https://www.muscogeenation.com/culturehistory/.

Deloria, Vine Jr. 2003. Genocide of the Mind: New Native American Writing. Edited by MariJo Moore. First Edition. New York: Bold Type Books.

“Doctrine of Discovery.” n.d. Upstander Project. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://upstanderproject.org/firstlight/doctrine.

Emslie, Karen. 2019. “This Alternative to Google Maps Aims to Protect Indigenous Land.” OneZero (blog). June 14, 2019. https://onezero.medium.com/this-alternative-to-google-maps-aims-to-protect-indigenous-land-62e2e414eb04.

“Food Tank: The Think Tank For Food.” 2018. Food Tank (blog). May 31, 2018. https://foodtank.com/.

Garnett, Stephen T., Neil D. Burgess, Julia E. Fa, Álvaro Fernández-Llamazares, Zsolt Molnár, Cathy J. Robinson, James E. M. Watson, et al. 2018. “A Spatial Overview of the Global Importance of Indigenous Lands for Conservation.” Nature Sustainability 1 (7): 369–74. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-018-0100-6.

Gilio-Whitaker, Dina. 2019. As Long as Grass Grows: The Indigenous Fight for Environmental Justice, from Colonization to Standing Rock. Boston: Beacon Press.

Gill, Ian. 2020. “‘I Was Alone in a Canoe. But It Was a Magic Canoe.’” The Tyee. The Tyee. December 4, 2020. https://thetyee.ca/Culture/2020/12/04/Magic-Canoe-Waxaid/.

Givens, Maria, and Alison Creasy. 2020. “12 Native-Owned Food Businesses to Support on Indigenous Peoples’ Day.” Civil Eats. October 12, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/10/12/12-native-owned-food-businesses-to-support-on-indigenous-peoples-day/.

Grounded. 2020. “Why Protecting Indigenous Communities Can Also Help Save the Earth.” The Guardian, October 12, 2020, sec. Climate Academy by Grounded. https://www.theguardian.com/climate-academy/2020/oct/12/indigenous-communities-protect-biodiversity-curb-climate-crisis.

Hansen, Terri. 2018. “How the Iroquois Great Law of Peace Shaped U.S. Democracy.” PBS. December 17, 2018. https://www.pbs.org/native-america/blogs/native-voices/how-the-iroquois-great-law-of-peace-shaped-us-democracy/.

High Country News. 2020. “How Anti-Indigeneity Proliferates around the West and the World.” High Country News, September 25, 2020. https://www.hcn.org/articles/indigenous-affairs-across-the-globe-how-anti-indigeneity-proliferates-around-the-west-and-the-world.

ICT Staff. 2018. “The 1491 Census: Native Creates Tribal Nations Map of Turtle Island.” Indian Country Today. September 13, 2018. https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/the-1491-census-native-creates-tribal-nations-map-of-turtle-island.

“If Not Us Then Who?” n.d. If Not Us Then Who? Accessed August 29, 2021. https://ifnotusthenwho.me/.

“Invasion of America: How the United States Took Over an Eighth of the World.” n.d. eHistory.org. Accessed September 13, 2021. https://usg.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=eb6ca76e008543a89349ff2517db47e6.

Johnston, Lyla June. 2016. “How Humanity Fell in Love with Itself Once Again, By Lyla June Johnston.” Writing For Peace (blog). February 4, 2016. https://writingforpeace.org/how-humanity-fell-in-love-with-itself-once-again-by-lyla-june-johnston/.

Jones, Nicola. 2020. “How Native Tribes Are Taking the Lead on Planning for Climate Change.” Yale E360, February 11, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/how-native-tribes-are-taking-the-lead-on-planning-for-climate-change.

Kaur, Harmeet. 2020. “Indigenous People across the US Want Their Land Back -- and the Movement Is Gaining Momentum.” CNN. November 26, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/25/us/indigenous-people-reclaiming-their-lands-trnd/index.html.

Keating, Paul. 1992. “Australian Launch of the International Year for the World’s Indigenous People, Redfern.” Australia, December. https://pmtranscripts.pmc.gov.au/release/transcript-8765.

“‘Kitapsi, Nija, Añaantsi’ (Land, Water, Life) – Directed by Murat Eyuboglu.” 2020. National Sawdust (blog). April 22, 2020. https://nationalsawdust.org/live-at-national-sawdust-kitapsi-nija-anaantsi/.

Korff, Jens. 2020. “Paul Keating’s Redfern Speech.” Creative Spirits. July 17, 2020. https://www.creativespirits.info/aboriginalculture/politics/paul-keatings-redfern-speech.

Korten, David. 2013. “What Would Nature Do? Not Wall Street.” YES! Magazine (blog). January 18, 2013. https://www.yesmagazine.org/issue/nature/opinion/2013/01/18/inside-the-down-to-earth-economy.

Langat, Anthony. 2020. “The Traditions That Could Save a Nation’s Forests.” BBC Future, November 4, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20201103-the-indigenous-wisdom-that-can-save-forests-from-destruction.

Levin, Sam. 2019. “‘This Is All Stolen Land’: Native Americans Want More than California’s Apology.” The Guardian, June 21, 2019, sec. US news. http://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2019/jun/20/california-native-americans-governor-apology-reparations.

Lushwala, Arkan, and Jeannie Kerrigan. 2013. The Time of The Black Jaguar.

Margolin, Malcolm. 2013. The Ohlone Way: Indian Life in the San Francisco-Monterey Bay Area. 2nd edition. Heyday.

McKay, Dwanna L. 2020. “Oklahoma Is – and Always Has Been – Native Land.” The Conversation. July 16, 2020. http://theconversation.com/oklahoma-is-and-always-has-been-native-land-142546.

McLeod, Toby. 2019. “Biodiversity Thrives on Indigenous Sacred Lands.” Sacred Land (blog). November 27, 2019. https://sacredland.org/biodiversity-thrives-on-indigenous-sacred-lands/.

“NativeLand.Ca.” n.d. Native-Land.ca - Our Home on Native Land. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://native-land.ca/.

Nelson, Melissa K., ed. 2008. Original Instructions: Indigenous Teachings for a Sustainable Future. Rochester, Vt: Bear & Company.

“Nina Gualinga (@ninagualinga).” n.d. Instagram. Accessed August 26, 2021. https://www.instagram.com/ninagualinga/.

O’neill, Lily, Brad Riley, Ganur Maynard, and Janet Hunt. 2020. “Why Most Aboriginal People Have Little Say over Clean Energy Projects Planned for Their Land.” Phys Org. August 10, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-08-aboriginal-people-energy.html.

Parletta, Natalie. 2021. “Lessons from the Past.” Cosmos Magazine. January 18, 2021. https://cosmosmagazine.com/people/culture/lessons-from-the-past/.

Pascoe, Bruce. 2014. Dark Emu. Magabala Books. https://www.magabala.com/products/dark-emu.

Patterson, Sala Elise. 2020. “First-Ever Compendium of Indigenous Technologies Provides a Powerful Toolkit for Climate-Resilient Design.” Harvard Graduate School of Design. February 3, 2020. https://www.gsd.harvard.edu/2020/02/first-ever-compendium-of-indigenous-technologies-provides-a-powerful-toolkit-for-climate-resilient-design/.

Payne, Emily. 2020. “Native Voices Convene at Food Tank Summit on Indigenous Food.” Food Tank (blog). January 6, 2020. https://foodtank.com/news/2020/01/native-voices-convene-for-food-tank-summit-on-indigenous-foods/.

Pearce, Fred. 2020. “Amid Tensions in Myanmar, An Indigenous Park of Peace Is Born.” Yale E360. November 30, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/amid-tensions-in-myanmar-an-indigenous-park-of-peace-is-born.

Reuters. 2018. “Mongolia’s Reindeer Herders Fear Lost Identity under Hunting Ban,” May 21, 2018, sec. Environment. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-mongolia-reindeer-herders-idUSKCN1IM2EQ.

Robbins, Jim. 2021. “How Returning Lands to Native Tribes Is Helping Protect Nature.” Yale E360. June 3, 2021. https://e360.yale.edu/features/how-returning-lands-to-native-tribes-is-helping-protect-nature.

Rushkoff, Douglas. 2021. “How the Promise of a Utopian Future Was Used to Justify Mass Exploitation.” Team Human (blog). February 11, 2021. https://medium.com/team-human/how-the-promise-of-a-utopian-future-was-used-to-justify-mass-exploitation-d03982a9ffcf.

Rutgers University. 2020. “Indigenous People Vital for Understanding Environmental Change: How Local Knowledge Can Help Manage Ecosystems and Wildlife.” ScienceDaily. July 29, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200729114828.htm.

Schiffman, Richard. 2020. “Green Violence: ‘Eco-Guards’ Are Abusing Indigenous Groups in Africa.” Yale E360. March 17, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/green-violence-eco-guards-are-abusing-indigenous-groups-in-africa.

Schmidt, Paige M., and Markus J. Peterson. 2009. “Biodiversity Conservation and Indigenous Land Management in the Era of Self-Determination.” Conservation Biology 23 (6): 1458–66. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2009.01262.x.

Selibas, Dimitri. 2021. “Empowering Indigenous Peoples Crucial to Climate, Biodiversity Crises: Study.” Mongabay Environmental News, April 2, 2021, sec. Environmental news. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/04/empowering-indigenous-peoples-crucial-to-climate-biodiversity-crises-study/.

Sengupta, Somini, Catrin Einhorn, and Manuela Andreoni. 2021. “There’s a Global Plan to Conserve Nature. Indigenous People Could Lead the Way.” The New York Times, March 11, 2021, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/11/climate/nature-conservation-30-percent.html.

Simmons, Daisy. 2020. “What Is ‘Climate Justice’?” Yale Climate Connections. July 29, 2020. http://yaleclimateconnections.org/2020/07/what-is-climate-justice/.

Skene, Jennifer, and Joshua Axelrod. 2017. “Indigenous Communities Lead Way to Boreal Forest Protection.” NRDC. October 10, 2017. https://www.nrdc.org/experts/josh-axelrod/indigenous-communities-lead-way-boreal-forest-protection.

“Snowchange Cooperative.” n.d. Accessed August 29, 2021. http://www.snowchange.org/.

“Sri Lanka: Wanniyala-Aetto (Veddhas).” 2018. Minority Rights Group. March 28, 2018. https://minorityrights.org/minorities/wanniyala-aetto/.

Survival. 2019. “New Report Reveals Tribal Evictions for Tiger Reserves Are Illegal.” Survival. December 10, 2019. https://www.survivalinternational.org/news/12297.

Sutoris, Peter. 2021. “The Climate Crisis Requires a New Culture and Politics, Not Just New Tech | Peter Sutoris.” The Guardian. May 24, 2021. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/may/24/climate-change-crisis-culture-politics-technology.

Treuer, David. 2021. “Return the National Parks to the Tribes.” The Atlantic. April 12, 2021. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2021/05/return-the-national-parks-to-the-tribes/618395/.

“Tribal Nations Maps.” n.d. Tribal Nations Maps. Accessed August 29, 2021. https://www.tribalnationsmaps.com/.

University, Pennsylvania State. 2020. “Climate Scientists Increasingly Ignore Ecological Role of Indigenous Peoples.” Phys Org. July 20, 2020. https://phys.org/news/2020-07-climate-scientists-increasingly-ecological-role.html.

Vidal, John. 2016. “The Tribes Paying the Brutal Price of Conservation.” The Guardian, August 28, 2016. http://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2016/aug/28/exiles-human-cost-of-conservation-indigenous-peoples-eco-tourism.

Wilkins, David. 2018. “Deconstructing the Doctrine of Discovery.” Indian Country Today. September 12, 2018. https://indiancountrytoday.com/archive/deconstructing-the-doctrine-of-discovery.

“Woman Stands Shining (Pat McCabe).” n.d. Woman Stands Shining. Accessed August 29, 2021. https://www.patmccabe.net.

Wozniacka, Gosia. 2021. “‘Inhabitants’ Digs Deep Into Indigenous Solutions to Climate Change.” Civil Eats. May 24, 2021. https://civileats.com/2021/05/24/inhabitants-digs-deep-into-indigenous-solutions-to-climate-change/.

“ᓅᑎᓂᑐᒫᑲᐣ on Twitter.” 2020. Twitter. October 18, 2020. https://twitter.com/cedarsageskoden/status/1317517214677782528.

Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim

Ibrahim, Hindou Oumarou. 2019a. Indigenous Knowledge Meets Science to Take on Climate Change. TEDWomen 2019. TED. https://www.ted.com/talks/hindou_oumarou_ibrahim_indigenous_knowledge_meets_science_to_take_on_climate_change.

———. 2019b. “Transcript of ‘Indigenous Knowledge Meets Science to Take on Climate Change.’” TED. December 2019. https://www.ted.com/talks/hindou_oumarou_ibrahim_indigenous_knowledge_meets_science_to_take_on_climate_change/transcript.

Ortiz, Fabiola. 2018. “Hindou Ibrahim: Women’s Leadership in Chad.” Believe Earth (blog). February 5, 2018. https://believe.earth/en/hindou-ibrahim-womens-leadership-in-chad/.

Portalewska, Agnes. 2018. “Hindou Oumarou Ibrahim: A Champion for Indigenous Peoples against Climate Change.” Cultural Survival Quarterly, February 2018. http://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/hindou-oumarou-ibrahim-champion-indigenous-peoples-against.

Letter to Nine Leaders

Aguilar, Daniela. 2018. “Ecuador: Waorani People Map Their Rainforest to Save It.” Translated by Romina Castagnino. Mongabay Environmental News. June 6, 2018. https://news.mongabay.com/2018/06/ecuador-waorani-people-map-their-rainforest-to-save-it/.

Borja, Danilo, and Juan Bay. 2021. “‘Like Losing Half the Territory.’ Waorani Struggle with Loss of Elder, and of Land to Oil (Commentary).” Mongabay Environmental News, March 23, 2021, sec. Environmental news. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/03/like-losing-half-the-territory-waorani-struggle-with-loss-of-elder-and-of-land-to-oil-commentary/.

Dicaprio, Leonardo. 2020. “Nemonte Nenquimo: The 100 Most Influential People of 2020.” Time. September 22, 2020. https://time.com/collection/100-most-influential-people-2020/5888337/nemonte-nenquimo/.

Loki, Reynard. 2019. “How Indigenous Peoples Won a Landmark Victory Protecting the Amazon From Oil Drilling.” OpenDemocracy. June 5, 2019. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/democraciaabierta/los-pueblos-ind%C3%ADgenas-han-ganado-una-victoria-hist%C3%B3rica-protegiendo-a-la-amazon%C3%ADa-del-extractivismo-en/.

Lu, Flora, Gabriela Valdivia, and Néstor L. Silva. 2017. Oil, Revolution, and Indigenous Citizenship in Ecuadorian Amazonia. Latin American Political Economy. Palgrave Macmillan US. https://www.palgrave.com/gp/book/9781137564627.

“Mapping Waorani Territory.” 2017. Amazon Frontlines. November 16, 2017. https://www.amazonfrontlines.org/chronicles/mapping-waorani/.

“Nemonte Nenquimo.” 2020. Champions of the Earth. December 9, 2020. http://www.unep.org/championsofearth/laureates/2020/nemonte-nenquimo.

“———.” n.d. Goldman Environmental Foundation. Accessed October 5, 2021. https://www.goldmanprize.org/recipient/nemonte-nenquimo/.

Nenquimo, Nemonte. 2020. “This Is My Message to the Western World – Your Civilisation Is Killing Life on Earth.” The Guardian, October 12, 2020, sec. Opinion. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/oct/12/western-worldyour-civilisation-killing-life-on-earth-indigenous-amazon-planet.

Tirira, Diego G., Harold F. Greeney, Conan Omaca, Otobo Baihua, and Ryan P. Killackey. 2020. “Species Richness and Ethnozoological Annotations on Mammals at the Boanamo Indigenous Community, Waorani Territory, Orellana and Pastaza Provinces, Ecuador.” Mammalia 84 (6): 535–51. https://doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2019-0144.

“UNESCO Interactive Atlas of the World’s Languages in Dange.” n.d. UNESCO. Accessed October 5, 2021. http://www.unesco.org/languages-atlas/en/atlasmap/language-id-758.html.

Wamöñe, Camilo Tademö, and Catherine Peeke. 2009. “Palabras y Frases Utiles Castellano—Huaorani.” https://www.sil.org/system/files/reapdata/69/08/87/69088767650689803393335379989093773887/52271_Peeke_HuaoraniVocabulario.pdf.

“Waorani.” n.d. Alianza Ceibo (blog). Accessed October 5, 2021. https://www.alianzaceibo.org/alianza/waorani/.

“Waorani People Win Landmark Legal Victory Against Ecuadorian Government.” 2019. Amazon Frontlines. April 26, 2019. https://www.amazonfrontlines.org/chronicles/waorani-victory/.

“What Animals Live in Ecuador’s Amazon Rainforest? Our 7 Favorites | Latin Roots Travel.” n.d. Latinroots Travel Co. Accessed October 5, 2021. https://latinrootstravel.com/fortheblog/ecudorian-amazon-rainforest-favorites-animals/.

Forest as Farm

Bird, Michael Yellow, Jim Wikel, Lianna Costantino, Renda Dionne Madrigal, and Eliane Potiguara. 2021. “An Open Letter by Indigenous Peoples to Indigenous Peoples in Brazil on Surviving COVID-19.” Cultural Survival. January 2021. http://www.culturalsurvival.org/news/open-letter-indigenous-peoples-indigenous-peoples-brazil-surviving-covid-19.

Johnston, Lyla June. 2019. “Lyla June on the Forest as Farm.” The Esperanza Project (blog). November 15, 2019. https://www.esperanzaproject.com/2019/native-american-culture/lyla-june-on-the-forest-as-farm/.

“Lyla June.” n.d. Accessed September 9, 2021. https://www.lylajune.com.

“Lyla June Johnston.” n.d. Center for Humans & Nature. Accessed September 9, 2021. https://www.humansandnature.org/lyla-june-johnston.

Pod, Escape. 2020. “Why Don’t We Eat Acorns Anymore?” Age of Awareness (blog). October 22, 2020. https://medium.com/age-of-awareness/why-dont-we-eat-acorns-anymore-d8f6aaad44a1.

Women and Food

“2017 Census of Agriculture.” 2019. AC-17-A-51. USDA. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/st99_1_0057_0057.pdf.

Anderson, Simon, and Vidhya Sriram. 2019. “Moving Beyond Sisyphus in Agriculture R&D to Be Climate Smart and Not Gender Blind.” Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 3: 84. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2019.00084.

Beaumier, Maude C., and James D. Ford. 2010. “Food Insecurity among Inuit Women Exacerbated by Socio-Economic Stresses and Climate Change.” Canadian Journal of Public Health = Revue Canadienne de Santé Publique 101 (3): 196–201. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03404373.

“CAMGEW - ACTING LOCALLY and THINKING GLOBALLY.” n.d. Cameroon Gender and Environment Watch. Accessed September 4, 2021. https://www.camgew.org/index.php.

“Cornelia Flora.” n.d. ResearchGate. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Cornelia-Flora.

“Corrections to Project Drawdown Summaries.” 2021, August. https://drawdown.org/sites/default/files/August2012Corrections.pdf?_ga=2.235181314.281080728.1631518684-2126710125.1630995716.

Costa, Temra. 2014. Farmer Jane: Women Changing The Way We Eat. [Large Print] edition. ReadHowYouWant.

Crenshaw, Kimberle. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43 (6): 1241–99. https://doi.org/10.2307/1229039.

Crippa, M., E. Solazzo, D. Guizzardi, F. Monforti-Ferrario, F. N. Tubiello, and A. Leip. 2021. “Food Systems Are Responsible for a Third of Global Anthropogenic GHG Emissions.” Nature Food 2 (March): 198–209. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43016-021-00225-9.

Devine, Jenny Barker. 2013. On Behalf of the Family Farm. University of Iowa Press. https://www.uipress.uiowa.edu/books/9781609381493/on-behalf-of-the-family-farm.

Doss, Cheryl R. 2018. “Women and Agricultural Productivity: Reframing the Issues.” Development Policy Review 36 (1): 35–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/dpr.12243.

Dubochet, Lucy. 2013. “When Women Farm India’s Land: How to Increase Ownership?” New Delhi: Oxfam India. https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/10546/304918/bn-when-women-farm-india%27s-land-increasing-ownership-301013-en.pdf.

FAO, ed. 2011. Women in Agriculture: Closing the Gender Gap for Development. The State of Food and Agriculture 2010/11. Rome: FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/i2050e/i2050e.pdf.

Farnworth, Cathy Rozel, and Kathleen Colverson. 2016. “Building a Gender-Transformative Extension and Advisory Facilitation System in Sub-Saharan Africa.” Journal of Gender, Agriculture and Food Security 1 (January). https://doi.org/10.19268/JGAFS.112015.2.

Francois, Joky. 2020. “Women: The Climate Solution We Need to Talk About.” Food Tank (blog). May 12, 2020. https://foodtank.com/news/2020/05/women-the-climate-solution-we-need-to-talk-about/.

Habtezion, Senay. 2016. “Gender, Climate Change and Food Security.” Poilcy Brief. UNDP. file:///C:/Users/julianab/Downloads/UNDP%20Gender,%20CC%20and%20Food%20Security%20Policy%20Brief%203-WEB.pdf.

“Heart of the Farm – Women in Agriculture.” n.d. Farm Management. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://farms.extension.wisc.edu/programs/heart-of-the-farm-women-in-agriculture/?ss_redir=1/.

Lappé, Anna, and Frances Moore Lappé. 2004. “Opinion | The Genius of Wangari Maathai.” The New York Times, October 14, 2004, sec. Opinion. https://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/14/opinion/the-genius-of-wangari-maathai.html.

Messina, Marianne. 2019. “Female Farmers Are Coming into Their Own—and Networking Is Key to Their Success.” Civil Eats. April 16, 2019. https://civileats.com/2019/04/16/ag-census-female-farmers-are-coming-into-their-own-and-networking-is-key-to-their-success/.

Mulkern, Audra. 2021. “Ethical Meat with Meredith Leigh.” The Female Farmer Project. January 19, 2021. http://www.femalefarmerproject.org/the-podcast/2021/1/19/ethical-meat-with-meredith-leigh.

Muthuki, Janet. 2006. “Challenging Patriarchal Structures: Wangari Maathai and the Green Belt Movement in Kenya.” Agenda 20 (69): 83–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/10130950.2006.9674752.

Norton, Carrie. 2020. “Robyn O’Brien: Following the ‘North Star’ in Food Systems Transformation.” Greenbiz. February 7, 2020. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/robyn-obrien-following-north-star-food-systems-transformation.

“Our History.” n.d. The Green Belt Movement. Accessed August 9, 2021. http://www.greenbeltmovement.org/who-we-are/our-history.

Paschal, Olivia. 500. “Women Who Farm Are Finally Getting Counted.” HuffPost. 00:01 500. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/women-farmers-usda_n_5e3c3e04c5b6bb0ffc0cdd57.

Presbey, Gail M. 2013. “Women’s Empowerment: The Insights of Wangari Maathai.” Journal of Global Ethics 9 (3): 277–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449626.2013.856640.

Quisumbing, Agnes R. 1996. “Male-Female Differences in Agricultural Productivity: Methodological Issues and Empirical Evidence.” World Development 24 (10): 1579–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/0305-750X(96)00059-9.

Rosenzweig, Mbow, L.G. Barioni, T.G. Benton, M. Herrero, E. Liwenga, P Pradhan, M.G. Rivera-Ferre, Sapkota T., F.N. Tubiello, and Y Xu. 2019. “Food Security.” Climate Change and Land: An IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems. IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/chapter/chapter-5/.

Rukmani, R., R. Gopinath, G. Anuradha, R. Sanjeev, and Varun Kumar Yadav. 2019. “Women as Drivers of Change for Nutrition-Sensitive Agriculture: Case Study of a Novel Extension Approach in Wardha, India.” Agricultural Research 8 (December): 523–30. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40003-018-0383-x.

Schmidt, Claudia, Stephan J. Goetz, and Zheng Tian. 2021. “Female Farmers in the United States: Research Needs and Policy Questions.” Food Policy 101 (May): 102039. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodpol.2021.102039.

Shiva, Vandana. 2009. “Women and the Gendered Politics of Food.” Philosophical Topics 37 (2): 17–32.

Smith, Bren. 2019. “Who Ocean Farms Matters: Women Are Leading the New Blue Economy.” Medium (blog). May 28, 2019. https://medium.com/@bren_7821/who-ocean-farms-matters-women-are-leading-the-new-blue-economy-4cff4941ac88.

“The Podcast.” n.d. The Female Farmer Project. Accessed September 5, 2021. http://www.femalefarmerproject.org/the-podcast.

“The State Of Food And Agricullture 2010-11.” 2011. FAO. http://www.fao.org/3/i2050e/i2082e00.pdf.

“Tree Planting and Water Harvesting.” n.d. The Green Belt Movement. Accessed August 9, 2021. http://www.greenbeltmovement.org/what-we-do/tree-planting-for-watersheds.

“WEA Content for Regeneration.” n.d. Google Docs. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://docs.google.com/document/d/1cwqgCefgHkgI_6nkX2hVuQYp5pEvrSVdDYifLBT9KQU/edit?usp=embed_facebook.

Westfall, Hannah. 2013. “MOSES.” MOSES (blog). August 3, 2013. http://mosesorganic.org.

“Women, Food and Agriculture Network.” n.d. Women, Food and Agriculture Network. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://wfan.org.

“Women for the Land.” n.d. American Farmland Trust. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://farmland.org/project/women-for-the-land/.

“Women in Ag Survey Reveals Business Wisdom & Leadership.” 2019. AGDAILY (blog). November 6, 2019. https://www.agdaily.com/lifestyle/women-survey-business-wisdom-leadership/.

“Women in Agribusiness.” n.d. Women In Ag. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://www.womeninag.com.

“Women’s Leadership Development Program.” n.d. FB. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://www.fb.org/programs/womens-leadership-program.

World Bank. 2021. Women, Business and the Law 2021. Washington D.C.: The World Bank. http://elibrary.worldbank.org/doi/book/10.1596/978-1-4648-1652-9.

Soul Fire Farm

“2017 Census of Agriculture.” 2019. AC-17-A-51. USDA. https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_US/st99_1_0057_0057.pdf.

“Access to Affordable and Nutritious Food: Measuring and Understanding Food Deserts and Their Consequences.” 2009. Economic Research Service. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/42711/12715_ap036_reportsummary_1_.pdf?v=0.

Ambroz, Teresa A. 2012. “Childhood Obesity: Reversing the Trend to Improve the Health of the Next Generation.” Diabetes Spectrum 25 (1): 3–4. https://doi.org/10.2337/diaspect.25.1.3.

Burchard, Peter Duncan. 2005. “George Washington Carver:  For His Time and Ours.” https://www.nps.gov/gwca/learn/management/upload/GWC-For-His-Time-Ours-Spec-History-Study.pdf.

“Chapter V Farm Statistics by Race, Nativity, and Sex of Farmer.” 1920. https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1920/volume-5/06229676v5ch04.pdf.

Espejo, Edith. 2020. “CSA’s and Regenerative Agriculture’s Ties to Black History.” One Earth. December 1, 2020. https://www.oneearth.org/csas-and-regenerative-agricultures-ties-to-black-history/.

Liu, Yvonne Yen. 2012. “Good Food + Good Jobs For All: Challenges and Opportunities to Advance Racial and Economic Equity in the Food System.” Applied Research Center. https://act.colorlines.com/acton/form/1069/005f:d-0001/0/-/-/-/-/index.htm.

McCutcheon, Priscilla. 2019. “Fannie Lou Hamer’s Freedom Farms and Black Agrarian Geographies.” Antipode 51 (1): 207–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/anti.12500.

Morland, Kimberly, Steve Wing, Ana Diez Roux, and Charles Poole. 2002. “Neighborhood Characteristics Associated with the Location of Food Stores and Food Service Places.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 22 (1): 23–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-3797(01)00403-2.

Penniman, Leah. 2018. Farming While Black: Soul Fire Farm’s Practical Guide to Liberation on the Land. White River Junction, Vermont: Chelsea Green Publishing.

Rhone, Alana, Michele Ver Ploeg, Chris Dicken, Ryan Williams, and Vince Breneman. 2017. “Low-Income and Low-Supermarket-Access Census Tracts, 2010-2015.” EIB-165. USDA. https://www.ers.usda.gov/webdocs/publications/82101/eib-165.pdf?v=6093.8.

“The Community Land Trust Model and Movement.” n.d. Grounded Solutions Network. Accessed October 7, 2021. https://groundedsolutions.org/tools-for-success/resource-library/community-land-trust-model-and-movement.

“The Pigford Cases: USDA Settlement of Discrimination Suits by Black Farmers.” 2005. EveryCRSReport.Com. August 25, 2005. https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/RS20430.html.

“The Small Farm Plan By Booker T. Whatley.” 1982. Mother Earth News. June 1982. https://www.motherearthnews.com/homesteading-and-livestock/small-farm-plan-zmaz82mjzkin.

“USDA ERS - Documentation.” 2021. USDA Economic Research Service. May 24, 2021. https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/food-access-research-atlas/documentation/.

We are Trampling

Babür, Oset. 2020. “Why Regenerative Farming Matters for the Future of Winemaking.” Food & Wine, September 29, 2020. https://www.foodandwine.com/wine/mimi-casteel-regenerative-wine-farming.

“Hope Well Wine – Mimi Casteel.” n.d. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.hopewellwine.com/.

Pariseau, Leslie. 2019. “Mimi Casteel Is Betting the Farm.” PUNCH (blog). August 22, 2019. https://punchdrink.com/articles/hope-well-wine-mimi-casteel-betting-the-farm/.

Clean Cookstoves

“Ambient Air Pollution: A Global Assessment of Exposure and Burden of Disease.” 2016. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/250141.

Bailis, Robert, Rudi Drigo, Adrian Ghilardi, and Omar Masera. 2015. “The Carbon Footprint of Traditional Woodfuels.” Nature Climate Change 5 (3): 266–72. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2491.

“Biogas Digesters and Clean Cooking Cambodia.” n.d. Circular Ecology (blog). Accessed August 13, 2021. https://circularecology.com/carbon-offset-projects/biogas-clean-cookstove-cambodia.html.

“Black Carbon.” n.d. Climate & Clean Air Coalition. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://www.ccacoalition.org/en/slcps/black-carbon.

Bond, T.C., S.J. Doherty, D.W. Fahey, P.M. Forster, T. Berntsen, B.J. DeAngelo, and M.G. Flanner. 2013. “Bounding the Role of Black Carbon in the Climate System: A Scientific Assessment.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres 118 (11): 5380–5552. https://doi.org/10.1002/jgrd.50171.

Bruggers, James. 2020. “The Wood Pellet Business Is Booming. Scientists Say That’s Not Good for the Climate.” Inside Climate News (blog). July 13, 2020. https://insideclimatenews.org/news/13072020/wood-pellet-business-booming-scientists-say-s-not-good-climate/.

Cembalest, Michael. 2020. “Tenth Annual Energy Paper.” Eye on the Market - Energy Outlook. JP Morgan. https://am.jpmorgan.com/content/dam/jpm-am-aem/global/en/insights/eye-on-the-market/tenth-annual-energy-paper-full.pdf.

Champion, Wyatt M., and Andrew P. Grieshop. 2019. “Pellet-Fed Gasifier Stoves Approach Gas-Stove Like Performance during in-Home Use in Rwanda.” Environmental Science & Technology 53 (11): 6570–79. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b00009.

“Cooking With Gas.” n.d. Cool Effect (blog). Accessed August 13, 2021. https://www.cooleffect.org/project/sichuan-china.

“Deforestation and Forest Degradation.” n.d. WWF. https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/deforestation-and-forest-degradation.

“Energy Access in Africa.” n.d. The Global LPG Partnership. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5633c4c2e4b05a5c7831fbb5/t/5acbc7d6562fa79982af9a6a/1523304406277/National+and+Regional+Targets+for+Clean+Cooking+Energy+Access+in+Africa+by+2030.pdf.

Falk, Johan, and Owen Gaffney. 2019. “Exponential Roadmap: Scaling 36 Solutions to Halve Emissions by 2030.” https://exponentialroadmap.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/ExponentialRoadmap_1.5_20190919_Single-Pages.pdf.

Francis, Ama. 2018. “Sports Organizations Buy Carbon Offsets to Finance Cookstoves in Low-Income African Countries.” Climate Law Blog. September 26, 2018. http://blogs.law.columbia.edu/climatechange/2018/09/26/sports-organizations-buy-carbon-offsets-to-finance-cookstoves-in-low-income-african-countries/.

“Gender and Livelihoods Impacts of Clean Cookstoves in South Asia – Executive Summary.” 2015. Clean Cooking Allilance. https://www.cleancookingalliance.org/resources/357.html.

Grieshop, Andrew P., Julian D. Marshall, and Milind Kandlikar. 2011. “Health and Climate Benefits of Cookstove Replacement Options.” Energy Policy, Clean Cooking Fuels and Technologies in Developing Economies, 39 (12): 7530–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2011.03.024.

Griscom, Bronson W., Justin Adams, Peter W. Ellis, Richard A. Houghton, Guy Lomax, Daniela A. Miteva, William H. Schlesinger, et al. 2017. “Natural Climate Solutions.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 114 (44): 11645–50. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710465114.

“Haiti: An Action Plan for the Transformation of the Cookstoves and Fuels Market.” 2017. Clean Cooking Allilance. https://www.cleancookingalliance.org/resources/545.html.

“Haiti: An Overview.” n.d. World Bank. https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/haiti/overview.

Hedges, S.Blair, Warren Cohen, Joel Timyan, and Zhiqiang Yang. 2018. “Haiti’s Biodiversity Threatened by Nearly Complete Loss of Primary Forest.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (46). https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1809753115.

“Household Air Pollution and Health.” 2018. WHO. May 2018. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/household-air-pollution-and-health.

“Household Energy and Clean Cookstove Research.” 2014. Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA. June 5, 2014. https://www.epa.gov/air-research/household-energy-and-clean-cookstove-research.

“Improved Clean Cookstoves.” 2020. Project Drawdown. February 7, 2020. https://www.drawdown.org/solutions/improved-clean-cookstoves.

International Council on Clean Transportation (ICCT), Smart Freight Centre, Global Emissions Logistics Council, Climate and Clean Air Coalition, The International Council on Clean Transportation, and SmartWay. 2017. “Black Carbon: Methodology for the Logistics Sector.” Climate & Clean Air Coalition. https://www.ccacoalition.org/en/resources/black-carbon-methodology-logistics-sector.

Janssen, Nicole AH, Miriam E Gerlofs-Nijland, Timo Lanki, Raimo O Salonen, Flemming Cassee, Gerard Hoek, Paul Fischer, Bert Brunekreef, and Michal Krzyzanowski. 2012. “Health Effects of Black Carbon.” WHO European Centre for Environment and Health.

Klimont, Z., K. Kupiainen, C. Heyes, P. Purohit, J. Cofala, P. Rafaj, J. Borken-Kleefeld, and W. Schöpp. 2017. “Global Anthropogenic Emissions of Particulate Matter Including Black Carbon.” Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17 (14): 8681–8723. https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-8681-2017.

Langbein, Jörg, Jörg Peters, and Colin Vance. 2017. “Outdoor Cooking Prevalence in Developing Countries and Its Implication for Clean Cooking Policies.” Environmental Research Letters 12 (11): 115008. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aa8642.

Lee, Carrie M., Chelsea Chandler, Michael Lazarus, and Francis X. Johnson. 2013. “Assessing the Climate Impacts of Cookstove Projects: Issues in Emissions Accounting.” Challenges in Sustainability 1 (2): 53–71. https://doi.org/10.12924/cis2013.01020053.

Nandasena, Sumal, A. R. Wickremasinghe, and Nalini Sathiakumar. 2020. “Combustion and Cookstoves.” In Indoor Environmental Quality and Health Risk toward Healthier Environment for All, edited by Reiko Kishi, Dan Norbäck, and Atsuko Araki, 237–50. Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. Singapore: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9182-9_12.

“Newsroom - Air Pollution.” n.d. WHO. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://www.who.int/news-room/air-pollution.

Nexleaf Analytics. 2020. “Scaling Clean Cooking Responsibly: Tackling Air Pollution through a Woman-Centered Model in Nigeria.” Climate & Clean Air Coalition. July 30, 2020. https://www.ccacoalition.org/en/news/scaling-clean-cooking-responsibly-tackling-air-pollution-through-woman-centered-model-nigeria.

“Our Mission & Impact.” n.d. Clean Cooking Alliance. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://cleancookingalliance.org/mission-impact/.

“Our Project in Ghana: How Cook Stoves Can Save Lives and the Climate.” 2020. Klima. September 4, 2020. https://klima.com/blog/project-ghana-cookstoves/?utm_source=Klima+Community&utm_campaign=6e018b41f2-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2020_09_08_10_13&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_eece4c9978-6e018b41f2-180307077.

Palit, Debajit, and Subhes Bhattacharyya. 2014. “Adoption of Cleaner Cookstoves: Barriers and Way Forward.” Boiling Point, December, 6–9.

Pandey, Apoorva, Alice Hsu, Suresh Tiwari, Shamsh Pervez, and Rajan K. Chakrabarty. 2020. “Light Absorption by Organic Aerosol Emissions Rivals That of Black Carbon from Residential Biomass Fuels in South Asia.” Environmental Science & Technology Letters 7 (4): 266–72. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.estlett.0c00058.

Patange, Omkar S., Nithya Ramanathan, I. H. Rehman, Sachi Nand Tripathi, Amit Misra, Abhishek Kar, Eric Graham, Lokendra Singh, Ranjit Bahadur, and V. Ramanathan. 2015. “Reductions in Indoor Black Carbon Concentrations from Improved Biomass Stoves in Rural India.” Environmental Science & Technology 49 (7): 4749–56. https://doi.org/10.1021/es506208x.

Pattanayak, S. K., M. Jeuland, J. J. Lewis, F. Usmani, N. Brooks, V. Bhojvaid, A. Kar, et al. 2019. “Experimental Evidence on Promotion of Electric and Improved Biomass Cookstoves.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (27): 13282–87. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808827116.

Putti, Venkata Ramana, Michael Tsan, Sumi Mehta, and Srilata Kammila. 2015. “The State of the Global Clean and Improved Cooking Sector.” http://hdl.handle.net/10986/21878.

Rio, Magdalena Fandiño Del. 2018. “Particulate Matter and Black Carbon Personal Exposure Reductions from an LPG Stove Intervention in Rural Households in Puno, Peru: Preliminary Results.” In ISEE Conference Abstracts. https://doi.org/10.1289/isesisee.2018.P01.1690.

Schulte, Ingrid, Charlotte Streck, and Stephanie Roe. 2019. “Protecting and Restoring Forests: A Story of Large Commitments yet Limited Progress.” Progress on the New York Declaration on Forests. Forest Declaration. https://forestdeclaration.org/images/uploads/resource/2019NYDFReport.pdf.

“Statistical Snapshot: Access to Improved Cookstoves and Fuels and Its Impact on Women’s Safety in Crises.” 2010. Global Allilance for Clean Cookstoves. https://cleancookingalliance.org/binary-data/RESOURCE/file/000/000/353-1.pdf.

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Venkataraman, C., G. Habib, A. Eiguren-Fernandez, A. H. Miguel, and S. K. Friedlander. 2005. “Residential Biofuels in South Asia: Carbonaceous Aerosol Emissions and Climate Impacts.” Science 307 (5714): 1454–56. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1104359.

Watts, Nick, Markus Amann, Nigel Arnell, Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson, Kristine Belesova, Maxwell Boykoff, Peter Byass, et al. 2019. “The 2019 Report of The Lancet Countdown on Health and Climate Change: Ensuring That the Health of a Child Born Today Is Not Defined by a Changing Climate.” The Lancet 394 (10211): 1836–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32596-6.

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Zhang, J., and K. R. Smith. 1996. “Hydrocarbon Emissions and Health Risks from Cookstoves in Developing Countries.” Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 6 (2): 147–61.

Education of Girls

“2020 STS Winners.” 2020. Society for Science (blog). July 28, 2020. https://www.societyforscience.org/regeneron-sts/2020-sts-winners/.

“A Chance for Every School Child. Partnering to Scale up School Health and Nutrition in the COVID Era.” 2020. World Food Programme. June 2020. https://www.wfp.org/publications/chance-every-school-child-partnering-scale-school-health-and-nutrition-covid-era.

“Addressing the Gender Dimensions of COVID-Related School Closures.” 2020. UNESCO Digital Library. August 2020. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000373379?posInSet=12&queryId=4ac62fe3-aec4-4c5d-bfe2-52dd52abc72c.

Andrews, Robin George. 2018. “Want to Stop Climate Change? Educate Girls and Give Them Birth Control.” Wired, February 10, 2018. https://www.wired.com/story/to-stop-climate-change-educate-girls-and-give-them-birth-control/.

Babugura, Agnes Ariho. 2008. “Vulnerability of Children and Youth in Drought Disasters: A Case Study of Botswana.” Children, Youth and Environments 18 (1): 126–57.

BBC News. 2016. “South African Teen Wins Google Prize for Orange Peel Innovation,” September 28, 2016, sec. Africa. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-37497682.

“Better Days: Photographers Cast Their Lens Back to Happier Times.” n.d. WePresent. Accessed August 26, 2021. https://wepresent.wetransfer.com/story/better-days/.

Bicknell, Kent. 2018. Stepping Stones: The First Five Years of Sant Bani School. 1st edition. Kent Bicknell/United States.

#BringBackOurGirls: ADDRESSING THE THREAT OF BOKO HARAM. 2014. U.S. Government Publishing Office. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/CHRG-113shrg94293/html/CHRG-113shrg94293.htm.

Bruns, Barbara, Alain Mingat, and Ramahatra Rakotomalala. 2003. Achieving Universal Primary Education by 2015 : A Chance for Every Child. Washington D.C.: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/15121.

“Building Back Equal: Girls Back to School Guide.” 2020. UNESCO Digital Library. 2020. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000374094.locale=en.

Chigwanda, Ellen. n.d. “A Framework for Building Resilience to Climate Change through Girls’ Education Programming.” THE 2016 ECHIDNA GLOBAL SCHOLARS POLICY BRIEF. Center for Universal Education at Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/global-20161202-climate-change.pdf.

Cordero, Eugene C., Diana Centeno, and Anne Marie Todd. 2020. “The Role of Climate Change Education on Individual Lifetime Carbon Emissions.” PLOS ONE 15 (2): e0206266. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206266.

Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 2016. “Transcript of ‘The Urgency of Intersectionality.’” TED. 2016. https://www.ted.com/talks/kimberle_crenshaw_the_urgency_of_intersectionality/transcript.

Dazé, Angie. 2019. “Why Gender Matters in Climate Change Adaptation.” International Institute for Sustainable Development (blog). June 6, 2019. https://www.iisd.org/articles/gender-climate-change.

Drakeman, Cynthia, Marianne Olesen, and Margo Thomas. 2017. “Leave No One Behind: A Call to Action for Gender Equality and Women’s Economic Empowerment.” UNHLP. https://www2.unwomen.org/-/media/hlp%20wee/attachments/reports-toolkits/hlp-wee-report-2017-03-taking-action-en.pdf?la=en&vs=5226.

“Education Transforms Lives.” 2013. UNESCO Digital Library. 2013. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000223115.

Farré, Lídia. 2013. “The Role of Men in the Economic and Social Development of Women: Implications for Gender Equality.” The World Bank Research Observer 28 (1): 22–51. https://doi.org/10.1093/wbro/lks010.

Global Education Monitoring Report Team. 2014. “Teaching and Learning: Achieving Quality for All; EFA Global Monitoring Report, 2013-2014.” Paris: UNESCO.

———. 2020. “#HerEducationOurFuture: Fact Sheet on Girls’ Education.” UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000372963?posInSet=14&queryId=4ac62fe3-aec4-4c5d-bfe2-52dd52abc72c.

“Goal 4 - Ensure Inclusive and Equitable Quality Education and Promote Lifelong Learning Opportunities for All.” n.d. United Nations Sustainable Development. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal4.

Grewal, Kairvy. 2020. “Mumbai Girls Win World Robot Olympiad for Smart Device That Cools Hot Air Blowing from ACs.” MSN. November 24, 2020. https://www.msn.com/en-in/news/other/mumbai-girls-win-world-robot-olympiad-for-smart-device-that-cools-hot-air-blowing-from-acs/ar-BB1bjrN3.

Hartmann, Thom. 2021. “The Real Story of the Covid Catastrophe Is Larger Than You Know.” Medium (blog). February 28, 2021. https://thomhartmann.medium.com/the-real-story-of-the-covid-catastrophe-is-larger-than-you-know-71f386bd21a2.

“Home.” n.d. Pencils of Promise. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://pencilsofpromise.org/.

“‘I Won’t Be a Doctor, and One Day You’ll Be Sick’: Girls’ Access to Education in Afghanistan.” 2017. Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/10/17/i-wont-be-doctor-and-one-day-youll-be-sick/girls-access-education-afghanistan.

“Interactive Map: Gender-Diverse Cultures.” 2015. Independent Lens (blog). August 11, 2015. https://www.pbs.org/independentlens/content/two-spirits_map-html/.

“John Taylor Gatto Quotes (Author of Dumbing Us Down).” n.d. Goodreads. Accessed September 8, 2021. https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/41319.John_Taylor_Gatto.

Kim, Jungho. 2016. “Female Education and Its Impact on Fertility.” IZA World of Labor 228 (February): 1–10. https://doi.org/10.15185/izawol.228.

Kliff, Sarah. 2017. “The Research Is Clear: Electing More Women Changes How Government Works.” Vox, March 8, 2017. https://www.vox.com/2016/7/27/12266378/electing-women-congress-hillary-clinton.

Kwauk, Christina, and Amanda Braga. 2017. “3 Ways to Link Girls’ Education Actors to Climate Action.” Brookings (blog). September 27, 2017. https://www.brookings.edu/blog/education-plus-development/2017/09/27/3-ways-to-link-girls-education-actors-to-climate-action/.

“Learn More about Iqra Fund’s Leadership Team.” n.d. Accessed August 31, 2021. https://www.iqrafund.org/team.

Lerback, Jory C. 2020. “Equity: A Mathematician Shares Her Solution.” Nature 583 (7818): 681–82. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02205-8.

Mavisakalyan, Astghik, and Yashar Tarverdi. 2018. “Gender and Climate Change: Do Female Parliamentarians Make Difference?” Working Paper 221. GLO Discussion Paper. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/179923.

McNicholas, Celine, and Margret Poydock. 2020. “Who Are Essential Workers?: A Comprehensive Look at Their Wages, Demographics, and Unionization Rates.” Economic Policy Institute (blog). May 19, 2020. https://www.epi.org/blog/who-are-essential-workers-a-comprehensive-look-at-their-wages-demographics-and-unionization-rates/.

Oxfam. 2015. “Extreme Carbon Inequality.” Briefing Paper. Oxfam. https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/research-publications/extreme-carbon-inequality/.

Phillips, Katherine W. 2014. “How Diversity Makes Us Smarter.” Scientific American. October 2014. https://doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican1014-42.

Plank, Liz. 2019. “Why the Patriarchy Is Killing Men.” Washington Post, September 13, 2019, sec. Perspective. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/why-the-patriarchy-is-killing-men/2019/09/12/2490fa7e-d3ea-11e9-86ac-0f250cc91758_story.html.

Pradhan, Elina. 2015. “Female Education and Childbearing: A Closer Look at the Data.” World Bank Blogs (blog). November 24, 2015. https://blogs.worldbank.org/health/female-education-and-childbearing-closer-look-data.

“Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals.” 2020. Report of the Secretary-General. United Nations Economic and Social Councill. https://undocs.org/en/E/2020/57.

“Pursuing Women’s Economic Empowerment.” 2018. Washington D.C.: IMF. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/Policy-Papers/Issues/2018/05/31/pp053118pursuing-womens-economic-empowerment.

Rueckert, Phineas, and Erica Sánchez. 2018. “Mexican Girl, 8, Wins a Nuclear Science Prize for Solar Heater.” Global Citizen. March 6, 2018. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/mexican-girl-science-prize-water-heater/.

“Safer, Healthier, Wealthier: How G20 Investments in Girls’ Education Improve Our World.” 2017. Global Education Monitoring (GEM) Report. G20. https://downloads.ctfassets.net/xnpfvoz3thme/1ww0CpNJ12WSWseoy4ggeM/60b2eb69c95fd986ec1c423fbe730366/G20_paper_Malala_Fund_FINAL.pdf.

Selby, Daniele. 2017. “Want to Stop Climate Change? Put More Girls in School, New Study Says.” Global Citizen. September 29, 2017. https://www.globalcitizen.org/en/content/girls-education-emergencies-climate-change/.

Sperling, Gene B, and Rebecca Winthrop. 2016. What Works in Girls’ Education: Evidence for the World’s Best Investment. Washington D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/What-Works-in-Girls-Educationlowres.pdf.

Swers, Michele. 2001. “Understanding the Policy Impact of Electing Women: Evidence from Research on Congress and State Legislatures.” PS: Political Science and Politics 34 (2): 217–20.

Swers, Michele L. 2005. “Connecting Descriptive and Substantive Representation: An Analysis of Sex Differences in Cosponsorship Activity.” Legislative Studies Quarterly 30 (3): 407–33.

“Upper Secondary Completion Rate.” n.d. World Inequality Database on Education. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://www.education-inequalities.org/indicators/comp_upsec_v2#?sort=disparity&dimension=sex&group=all&age_group=comp_upsec_v2&countries=all.

Vandemoortele, Jan, and Enrique Delamonica. 2000. “The ‘Education Vaccine’ Against HIV.” Current Issues in Comparative Education 3 (1). https://www.tc.columbia.edu/cice/pdf/25676_3_1_Vandemoortele_Delamonica.pdf.

Weinstein, Amanda. 2018. “When More Women Join the Workforce, Wages Rise — Including for Men.” Harvard Business Review, January 31, 2018. https://hbr.org/2018/01/when-more-women-join-the-workforce-wages-rise-including-for-men.

“Who We Are – GAGGA.” n.d. Global Alliance for Green and Gender Action (blog). Accessed September 5, 2021. https://gaggaalliance.org/who-we-are/.

Acts of Restorative Kindness

ARC. 2019. “Interview with Mary Reynolds | Acts of Restorative Kindness (ARK).” Agricultural and Rural Convention (blog). September 13, 2019. https://www.arc2020.eu/interview-with-mary-reynolds-acts-of-restorative-kindness-the-other-ark/.

Barry, Aoife. 2016. “‘It Never Occurred to Me to Fail’: Irish Chelsea Flower Show Winner Has Her Inspiring Tale Turned into a Movie.” The Journal. September 25, 2016. https://www.thejournal.ie/dare-to-be-wild-interview-2988423-Sep2016/.

Gritz, Jennie. 2016. “The Unlikely, Charming Designer Who Is Changing the Face of Gardening.” Smithsonian Magazine, June 2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/unlikely-charming-designer-changing-face-gardening-180959067/.

Gritz, Jennie Rothenberg. 2016. “Take a Closer Look at Mary Reynolds’s Innovative Celtic Gardens.” Smithsonian Magazine. May 19, 2016. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/take-closer-look-mary-reynoldss-innovative-celtic-gardens-180959176/.

Hazelton, Joanna. 2018. “On International Women’s Day, Be Inspired by Mary Reynolds, The Youngest Person to Win a Chelsea Flower Show Gold Medal.” Jack’s Garden Store Blog (blog). March 8, 2018. https://www.jacksgardenstore.com/blog/2018/03/on-international-womens-day-be-inspired-by-mary-reynolds-the-youngest-person-to-win-a-chelsea-flower-show-gold-medal/.

“RHS Chelsea Flower Show.” n.d. http://www.rhs.org.uk/shows-events/rhs-chelsea-flower-show.

The Irish Times. 2002. “Celtic Garden Wins Chelsea Award for Irishwoman,” May 22, 2002. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/celtic-garden-wins-chelsea-award-for-irishwoman-1.1058025.

“We Are The Ark.” n.d. We Are The Ark. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://wearetheark.org/.

Philanthropy Emergency

“A Letter from Laurene Powell Jobs.” n.d. Emerson Collective. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.emersoncollective.com/about-us/.

“About Us – Wallace Global Fund.” n.d. Accessed September 29, 2021. http://wgf.org/about-us-2/.

Cadan, Yossi, Ahmed Mokgopo, and Clara Vondrich. 2019. “$11 Trilion and Counting.” 350.org. https://financingthefuture.platform350.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/60/2019/09/FF_11Trillion-WEB.pdf.

“Companies Ranked by Market Cap.” n.d. CompaniesMarketCap.Com. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://companiesmarketcap.com/.

Dorsey, Ellen. 2020. “Philanthropy Must Declare a Climate Emergency.” The Chronicle of Philanthropy. February 20, 2020. https://www.philanthropy.com/article/philanthropy-must-declare-a-climate-emergency/.

Dreier, Peter. 2017. “Henry Wallace: America’s Forgotten Visionary Politician.” HuffPost, December 6, 2017. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/henry-wallace-americas-forgotten-visionary-politician_b_8569658.

Dunoff, Jeffrey L. 2017. “Fanfare for the Common Man: An Appreciation of Professor Henry Richardson’s Scholarship.” Temple International & Comparative Law Journal 31: 341.

Earth.org. 2020. “Wind and Solar Producer Tops Exxon as Most Valuable US Energy Company.” Earth.Org. November 20, 2020. https://earth.org/wind-and-solar-producer-tops-exxon-as-most-valuable-us-energy-company/.

“Ellen Dorsey.” n.d. Wallace Global Fund. Accessed September 29, 2021. http://wgf.org/ellen-dorsey/.

Flannery, Lee. 2020. “Energy Company NextEra Briefly Overtakes Exxon as Most Valuable U.S. Energy Company.” Planetizen. December 6, 2020. https://www.planetizen.com/news/2020/12/111440-energy-company-nextera-briefly-overtakes-exxon-most-valuable-us-energy-company.

Gelles, David. 2020. “Laurene Powell Jobs Is Putting Her Own Dent in the Universe.” The New York Times, February 27, 2020, sec. Business. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/02/27/business/laurene-powell-jobs-corner-office.html.

“Harvard and Brown Are Wrong To Reject Calls To Divest From Fossil Fuels.” 2014. DeSmog (blog). February 7, 2014. https://www.desmog.com/2014/02/07/harvard-and-brown-were-wrong-reject-calls-divest-fossil-fuels/.

“Henry A. Wallace.” n.d. Iowa State University | Department of Animal Science. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.ans.iastate.edu/about/history/people/henry-wallace.

“Henry Wallace.” n.d. Wallace Global Fund. Accessed September 29, 2021. http://wgf.org/henry-wallace/.

Hirji, Zahra. 2015. “Fossil Fuel Divestment Has Grown to $2.6 Trillion in Assets.” Inside Climate News, September 23, 2015. https://insideclimatenews.org/news/23092015/fossil-fuel-divestment-movement-grows-fiftyfold-2014/.

“Historical Price Lookup.” n.d. Exxon Mobil Corporation. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://ir.exxonmobil.com/historical-price-lookup/.

Meorena, Edouard. 2016. “Climate Philanthropy: The Tyranny of the 2 Percent.” Philanthropy News Digest. November 1, 2016. https://philanthropynewsdigest.org/columns/alliance-pnd/climate-philanthropy-the-tyranny-of-the-2-percent.

Roeyer, Hannah, Muniba Ahmad, Meagan Fox, and Surabi Menon. 2020. “Funding Trends: Climate Change Mitigation Philanthropy.” ClimateWorks Foundation. https://www.climateworks.org/report/funding-trends-climate-change-mitigation-philanthropy/.

Schleifer, Theodore. 2020. “Laurene Powell Jobs’s Charitable Group Is Going to Give Away Almost All of Its Money.” Vox, February 28, 2020. https://www.vox.com/recode/2020/2/28/21157049/laurene-powell-jobs-philanthropy-children.

Time. n.d. “Henry Wallace | Top 10 Best Cabinet Members.” Accessed September 29, 2021. http://content.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/0,28804,1858368_1858367_1858353,00.html.

“Vestas Annual Report 2011 · A Tough Year – for the Global Economy, the Climate and for Vestas.” 2012. Vestas. https://www.vestas.com/~/media/vestas/investor/investor%20pdf/announcements/2012/120208_ca_uk_08_annualreport2011.pdf.

“Vestas Annual Report 2020.” 2021. Vestas. https://www.vestas.com/~/media/vestas/investor/investor%20pdf/financial%20reports/2020/q4/210210_01_annual_report_2020.pdf.

“World Top 1000 Companies by Market Value.” n.d. Value. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.value.today/.

The City

Introduction

“Addressing Food-Related Consumption-Based Emissisons in C40 Cities: In Focus.” 2019. C40 Cities, Arup & University of Leeds. https://c40-production-images.s3.amazonaws.com/other_uploads/images/2269_C40_CBE_Food_250719.original.pdf?1564075020.

Andor, Mark A., Andreas Gerster, Kenneth T. Gillingham, and Marco Horvath. 2020. “Running a Car Costs Much More than People Think — Stalling the Uptake of Green Travel.” Nature 580 (7804): 453–55. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01118-w.

Arsenault, Chris. 2019. “Green Paradise or Data Dystopia? Toronto Smart City Sparks Debate.” Thomas Reuters Foundation, March 11, 2019. https://news.trust.org/item/20190311165021-5wk3r/.

Atlantic, The. 2020. “Why Manhattan’s Skyscrapers Are Empty.” The Atlantic (blog). January 20, 2020. https://medium.com/the-atlantic/why-manhattans-skyscrapers-are-empty-8af66ee2b824.

Barnard, Michael. 2020. “What Are the Big Hitters for Urban Decarbonization?” Distnc (blog). May 27, 2020. https://medium.com/distnc/what-are-the-big-hitters-for-urban-decarbonization-2afd0f47b9d.

Bradford, Abi, Trevor Stankiewicz, Jonathan Sundby, Bret Fanshaw, and Rob Sargent. n.d. “Shining Cities 2019.” Accessed August 18, 2021. https://environmentamerica.org/feature/ame/shining-cities-2019.

Buck, Nick Taylor, and Lenny Koh. 2016. DIF Animation 1: Regenerative Cities. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kFxzQJaeME.

Carrington, Damian. 2020. “Air Pollution May Be ‘Key Contributor’ to Covid-19 Deaths – Study.” The Guardian, April 20, 2020, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/20/air-pollution-may-be-key-contributor-to-covid-19-deaths-study.

“Circular Cities: The State of the Art | Greenbiz.” n.d. Accessed August 18, 2021. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/circular-cities-state-art.

“Cities.” n.d. Global Opportunity Explorer (blog). Accessed August 29, 2021. https://goexplorer.org/cities/.

“Cities and Climate Change.” 2017. UNEP - UN Environment Programme. September 26, 2017. http://www.unep.org/explore-topics/resource-efficiency/what-we-do/cities/cities-and-climate-change.

“City Climate Finance Gap Fund Launched.” 2020. Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. September 23, 2020. https://www.international-climate-initiative.com/en/news/article/city_climate_finance_gap_fund_launched.

“Climate Change.” n.d. UN-Habitat. Accessed September 9, 2021. https://unhabitat.org/topic/climate-change.

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Williams, James H., Ryan A. Jones, Ben Haley, Gabe Kwok, Jeremy Hargreaves, Jamil Farbes, and Margaret S. Torn. 2021. “Carbon-Neutral Pathways for the United States.” AGU Advances 2 (1): e2020AV000284. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000284.

Wooster, Martin Morse. 2017. “The Laura and John Arnold Foundation.” July 7, 2017. https://capitalresearch.org/article/the-laura-and-john-arnold-foundation/.

“World Urbanization Prospects - Population Division - United Nations.” n.d. United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://population.un.org/wup/Download/.

“World Urbanization Prospects, the 2014 Revision: Highlights.” 2014. New York: United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division.

Urban Farming

Ackerman, Kubi, Eric Dahlgren, and Xiaoqi Xu. 2013. “Sustainable Urban Agriculture: Confirming Viable Scenarios for Production.” 13–07. New York: New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. http://urbandesignlab.columbia.edu/files/2015/04/2_Sustainable-Urban-Agriculture_NYSERDA.pdf.

“AeroGarden: Indoor Gardens, Grow Lights, Seed Kits, & More.” n.d. Accessed October 12, 2021. https://www.aerogarden.com/.

Allnutt, Brian. 2020. “Could a Detroit Experiment Unleash the Power of Urban Soil?” Civil Eats. July 16, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/07/16/could-a-detroit-experiment-unleash-the-power-of-urban-soil/.

Armanda, Dian T., Jeroen B. Guinée, and Arnold Tukker. 2019. “The Second Green Revolution: Innovative Urban Agriculture’s Contribution to Food Security and Sustainability – A Review.” Global Food Security 22 (September): 13–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfs.2019.08.002.

Armour, Sophie. 2020. “Urban Land Could Grow Fruit and Veg for 15 Percent of the Population.” Institute for Sustainable Food | The University of Sheffield. March 17, 2020. https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/sustainable-food/news/urban-land-could-grow-fruit-and-veg-15-percent-population.

Aubrey. n.d. “Homepage.” 80 Acres Farms. Accessed October 12, 2021. https://www.80acresfarms.com/.

Ayambire, Raphael Anammasiya, Owusu Amponsah, Charles Peprah, and Stephen Appiah Takyi. 2019. “A Review of Practices for Sustaining Urban and Peri-Urban Agriculture: Implications for Land Use Planning in Rapidly Urbanising Ghanaian Cities.” Land Use Policy 84 (May): 260–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.03.004.

Bensonoff, Dan. 2018. “How the Hydroponics Industry Is Undermining Everything the Organic Farming Movement Stands For.” In These Times. January 28, 2018. https://inthesetimes.com/article/organic-certification-agriculture-hydroponics-usda-dave-chapman-nofa-mass.

Blanding, Michael. 2019. “Waste Not.” Medium (blog). June 25, 2019. https://the-engine.medium.com/waste-not-4f8820c2d11f.

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Cadzow, Hana. 2016. “Empowering Freetown’s Women Farmers.” University of Otago. https://ourarchive.otago.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10523/6185/CadzowHana2016MA.pdf;jsessionid=C804643E1F8B59E164F2D044FB75E494?sequence=1.

“Climate Change and Forests.” 2001. FAO. 2001. https://www.fao.org/3/y0900e/y0900e06.htm.

Clinton, Nicholas, Michelle Stuhlmacher, Albie Miles, Nazli Uludere Aragon, Melissa Wagner, Matei Georgescu, Chris Herwig, and Peng Gong. 2018. “A Global Geospatial Ecosystem Services Estimate of Urban Agriculture.” Earth’s Future 6 (1): 40–60. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000536.

Cofie, Olufunke O., Theophilus Otchere Larbi, George K. Danso, Ernest M. Abraham, S. K. Kufogbe, and N. Obiri-Opareh. 2008. “Urban Agriculture in Accra Metropolis: Dimensions and Implications for Urban Development.” In . https://cgspace.cgiar.org/handle/10568/37350.

Colicchio, Tom. 2020. “Colicchio and Fain Are Feeding Communities.” Food Tank (blog). July 27, 2020. https://foodtank.com/news/2020/07/new-on-the-podcast-tom-colicchio-on-the-fight-to-save-independent-restaurants-irving-fain-on-vertical-farming-to-create-a-sustainable-and-safe-food/.

Dalzell, Rebecca. 2014. “The Gilded Age Origins of New York City’s Rooftop Gardens.” Curbed NY. July 16, 2014. https://ny.curbed.com/2014/7/16/10076106/the-gilded-age-origins-of-new-york-citys-rooftop-gardens.

Danso, George, Lesley Hope, and Pay Drechsel. 2014. “Financial and Economic Aspects of Urban Vegetable Farming.” In Irrigated Urban Farming in Ghana, 247. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/publications/other-publication-types/books-monographs/iwmi-jointly-published/irrigated-urban-vegetable-production-ghana/.

De la Sota, C., V. J. Ruffato-Ferreira, L. Ruiz-García, and S. Alvarez. 2019. “Urban Green Infrastructure as a Strategy of Climate Change Mitigation. A Case Study in Northern Spain.” Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, Urban green infrastructure – connecting people and nature for sustainable cities, 40 (April): 145–51. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.09.004.

Drechsel, Pay, and Bernard Keraita, eds. 2014. Irrigated Urban Vegetable Production in Ghana: Characteristics, Benefits and Risk Mitigation. Colombo, Sri Lanka: International Water Management Institute (IWMI). https://www.iwmi.cgiar.org/publications/other-publication-types/books-monographs/iwmi-jointly-published/irrigated-urban-vegetable-production-ghana/.

“D-Town Farm.” n.d. DBCFSN. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://www.dbcfsn.org/educational-youth-programs.

Dubbeling, Marielle, René van Veenhuizen, and Jess Halliday. 2019. “Urban Agriculture as a Climate Change and Disaster Risk Reduction Strategy.” Field Actions Science Reports. The Journal of Field Actions, no. Special Issue 20 (September): 32–39.

Employment and Social Development Canada. 2021. “Government of Canada Makes Further Investments to Help Youth Facing Barriers to Employment.” Yahoo News. February 13, 2021. https://finance.yahoo.com/news/lufa-farms-doubles-production-capacity-100000843.html.

Gómez-Villarino, María Teresa, and Luis Ruiz-Garcia. 2021. “Adaptive Design Model for the Integration of Urban Agriculture in the Sustainable Development of Cities. A Case Study in Northern Spain.” Sustainable Cities and Society 65 (February): 102595. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2020.102595.

Grewal, Sharanbir S., and Parwinder S. Grewal. 2012. “Can Cities Become Self-Reliant in Food?” Cities 29 (1): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.06.003.

Halliday, Jess, Laura Platenkamp, and Yota Nicolarea. n.d. “A Menu of Actions to Shape Urban Food Environments for Improved Nutrition.” GAIN, MUFPP and RUAF. https://www.milanurbanfoodpolicypact.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Pubblications_Menu-of-actions-to-shape-urban-food-environments-for-improved-nutrition_compressed.pdf.

“Hydroponics Market.” n.d. Markets and Markets. Accessed October 12, 2021. https://secure.livechatinc.com/.

“Introduction to Hydroponic Growing.” n.d. Johnny’s Selected Seeds. Accessed October 12, 2021. https://www.johnnyseeds.com/growers-library/introduction-hydroponic-growing.html.

Jacobs, Shari. 2020. “How We Can Build A.I. Farms That Are Smarter Than Farmers.” Grit Daily News (blog). February 12, 2020. https://gritdaily.com/future-farming-with-aeroponics/.

Kateman, Brian. 2020. “Is The Future Of Farming Indoors?” Forbes. July 14, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/briankateman/2020/07/14/is-the-future-of-farming-indoors/.

Klein, Jesse. 2020. “Why Kroger and Publix Are Bringing the Farm to the Grocery Store.” Greenbiz. October 8, 2020. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/why-kroger-and-publix-are-bringing-farm-grocery-store.

Lages Barbosa, Guilherme, Francisca Daiane Almeida Gadelha, Natalya Kublik, Alan Proctor, Lucas Reichelm, Emily Weissinger, Gregory M. Wohlleb, and Rolf U. Halden. 2015. “Comparison of Land, Water, and Energy Requirements of Lettuce Grown Using Hydroponic vs. Conventional Agricultural Methods.” International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 12 (6): 6879–91. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120606879.

Laskin, David. 2003. “River Gods and Grottoes: 4 Italian Renaissance Gardens.” The New York Times, August 24, 2003, sec. Travel. https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/24/travel/river-gods-and-grottoes-4-italian-renaissance-gardens.html.

“Lufa Farms Doubles Its Production Capacity with the Launch of Its 4th and World’s Largest Rooftop Farm.” 2020. Cision. August 26, 2020. https://www.newswire.ca/news-releases/lufa-farms-doubles-its-production-capacity-with-the-launch-of-its-4th-and-world-s-largest-rooftop-farm-805082126.html.

“Lufa Farms Launches Fourth Greenhouse and World’s Largest Rooftop Farm.” 2020. Greenhouse Canada. August 28, 2020. https://www.greenhousecanada.com/lufa-farms-launches-fourth-greenhouse-and-worlds-largest-rooftop-farm/.

Lynch, Kenneth, Roy Maconachie, Tony Binns, Paul Tengbe, and Kabba Bangura. 2013. “Meeting the Urban Challenge? Urban Agriculture and Food Security in Post-Conflict Freetown, Sierra Leone.” Applied Geography, Special Issue: Constraints and Opportunities in Urban Development in Sub-Saharan Africa, 36 (January): 31–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2012.06.007.

Makower, Joel. 2019. “A Resilient Food Revolution.” GreenBuzz. November 11, 2019. https://www.greenbiz.com/newsletter/resilient-food-revolution?mkt_tok=eyJpIjoiWldFMU1UTm1aRFJtTlRVNCIsInQiOiJEdHlxRUtcL0JITlJhd0owNDZxNklFNlJqRUY4dmQxeHNzRmVJVE5IRVBTZVRkWWhEM05HRmtEWW1QUnVRQzVqNG53WndGK2d4eUhObVYrSDcwYWxJbXpGYjM4dWpOaThRMSsreURFVGRhbmtlRUV6cVFHUmY1ZDNXSVpVOWtMZ20ifQ%3D%3D&utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_content=2019-11-09&utm_campaign=greenbuzz.

McKenzie, Jessica. 2020. “What Does a Vertical Farm Taste Like?” The Counter. September 22, 2020. https://thecounter.org/vertical-farming-terroir-flavor-square-roots-kimbal-musk/.

Morgan, Lynette. 2020. “Treat ’Em Bad and They’ll Taste Better: Improving Flavor.” Maximum Yielld. December 29, 2020. https://www.maximumyield.com/treat-em-bad-and-theyll-taste-better-improving-flavor/2/915.

Natanson, Hannah. 2018. “One Man’s Effort to Make D.C.-Area Rooftops a Little Greener.” Washington Post, August 21, 2018. https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/social-issues/one-mans-effort-to-make-dc-area-rooftops-a-little-greener/2018/08/21/0549fea0-9fdd-11e8-8e87-c869fe70a721_story.html.

“National Snapshot of Adults with Intellectual Disabilities in the Labor Force.” 2018. Special Olympics. August 1, 2018. https://www.specialolympics.org/our-work/research/national-snapshot-of-adults-with-intellectual-disabilities-in-the-labor-force.

“O2 Urban Farm, Jobs for Special Needs Adults.” n.d. Ken Anderson Alliance. Accessed October 13, 2021. https://kenandersonalliance.org/02-urban-farms/.

Oh, Rachel. 2016. “Special Needs People Grow Their Skills at Vertical Farm.” The Straits Times, July 9, 2016. https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/special-needs-people-grow-their-skills-at-vertical-farm.

Radice, Holly Welcome, and Devrig Velly. 2009. “Farming in Bags: Microgardening in Northern Uganda.” Urban Agriculture Magazine, January 2009.

Rosan, Christina D. 2020. “Making Urban Agriculture an Intentional, Equitable City Redevelopment Strategy.” Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems 4: 74. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2020.00074.

Royte, Elizabeth. 2015. “Urban Farming Is Booming, but What Does It Really Yield?” Medium (blog). October 18, 2015. https://medium.com/@elizabethroyte/urban-farming-is-booming-but-what-does-it-really-yield-119f5f032ae2.

Samuel, Sigal. 2020. “How to Reduce Your Food’s Carbon Footprint, in 2 Charts.” Vox. February 20, 2020. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/2/20/21144017/local-food-carbon-footprint-climate-environment.

Siegner, Alana Bowen, Charisma Acey, and Jennifer Sowerwine. 2020. “Producing Urban Agroecology in the East Bay: From Soil Health to Community Empowerment.” Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 44 (5): 566–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/21683565.2019.1690615.

Stinson, Liz. 2019. “Shipping Container Farms Expanding to Grocery Stores around the Country.” Curbed. March 8, 2019. https://archive.curbed.com/2019/3/8/18255397/square-roots-expanding-gordon-food-services.

Tallman, Erin. 2020. “Cities Are Turning to Rooftop Farming.” DirectIndustry E-Magazine. August 24, 2020. https://emag.directindustry.com/rooftop-farms-in-cities/.

Teng, Paul, and Jose Montesclaros. 2019. “Singapore’s ‘30 by 30’ Food Production Target: Is It Feasible?” TODAYonline, April 2019. https://www.todayonline.com/commentary/singapores-30-30-food-production-target-it-feasible.

“The Largest Selection of Certified Organic Tree Crops in North America and Working for Justice.” 2019. Planting Justice. December 14, 2019. https://plantingjustice.org/.

“Urban Farming Solutions.” n.d. Rooftop Republic. Accessed September 28, 2021. https://rooftoprepublic.com/pages/urban-farming-solutions.

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“Wetlands & Agriculture: Partners for Growth.” 2014. The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. https://www.ramsar.org/sites/default/files/wwd14_leaflet_en.pdf.

“What We Do.” n.d. A Farm Less Ordinary. Accessed October 13, 2021. https://www.afarmlessordinary.org/what-we-do.

Yu, Alan. 2018. “‘Farming While Black’: A Guide To Finding Power And Dignity Through Food.” NPR, November 10, 2018, sec. Food History & Culture. https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/11/10/663529543/farming-while-black-a-guide-to-finding-power-and-dignity-through-food.

The Nature of Cities

“68% of the World Population Projected to Live in Urban Areas by 2050, Says UN.” 2018. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. May 16, 2018. https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/population/2018-revision-of-world-urbanization-prospects.html.

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Armour, Sophie. 2020. “Urban Land Could Grow Fruit and Veg for 15 Percent of the Population.” Institute for Sustainable Food | The University of Sheffield. March 17, 2020. https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/sustainable-food/news/urban-land-could-grow-fruit-and-veg-15-percent-population.

“Assessing the Sustainability of Agricultural and Urban Forests in the United States.” 2016. USDA Forest Service. https://www.fs.usda.gov/sites/default/files/fs_media/fs_document/5081-sustainability-agurb.pdf.

austin, steve. 2019. “In the Climate Crisis, a Vision of Shade Cities.” Medium (blog). August 23, 2019. https://medium.com/@steve.bellacitta/in-the-climate-crisis-a-vision-of-shade-cities-19c463eba5e5.

Block, India. 2020. “Dutch City Arnhem Swaps Asphalt for Trees to Adapt to Climate Change.” Dezeen. August 4, 2020. https://www.dezeen.com/2020/08/04/dutch-city-swaps-asphalt-for-trees-to-adapt-to-climate-change/.

Brumbaugh, Mark. n.d. “41 Micro Parks Ideas | Urban Furniture, Street Furniture, Pocket Park.” Pinterest. Accessed August 18, 2021. https://www.pinterest.com/mark_brumbaugh/micro-parks/.

Carreiro, Margaret M., Yong-Chang Song, and Jianguo Wu, eds. 2008. Ecology, Planning, and Management of Urban Forests: International Perspective. Springer Series on Environmental Management. New York: Springer-Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-71425-7.

“Cities4Forests | Connecting Cities with Forests around the World.” 2019. April 15, 2019. https://cities4forests.com/.

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City of Vancouver. 2014. “City of Vancouver Urban Forest Strategy.” Presented at the Greenest City 2020, April 15. https://council.vancouver.ca/20140415/documents/rr1presentation.pdf.

“Cooling Our Communities. A Guidebook on Tree Planting and Light-Colored Surfacing.” 1992. LBL-31587. Berkeley, CA: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. https://escholarship.org/content/qt98z8p10x/qt98z8p10x.pdf.

Dixon, Terrell. 2002. City Wilds: Essays and Stories about Urban Nature. University of Georgia Press.

Dutt, Bahar. 2019. “Two Indian Cities Lead the Way in Transforming Concrete Jungles into Real Jungles.” Quartz. October 22, 2019. https://qz.com/india/1733110/gurugram-bengaluru-lead-in-citizens-environmental-efforts/.

Ecopuncture Asia. 2019. The Ecopuncture Interviews (7 Min). https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_IGa2QrXj8.

“Forests and Sustainable Cities: Inspiring Stories from around the World.” 2018. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. https://www.fao.org/3/I8838EN/i8838en.pdf.

“Green Walls and Green Roofs.” n.d. Sealord Photography. Accessed August 31, 2021. https://www.sealordphotography.net/SustainabilityandEnvironment/Building-construction/Green-walls-and-green-roofs/i-WXWHsVC.

“Heat Island Impacts.” 2014. Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA. June 17, 2014. https://www.epa.gov/heatislands/heat-island-impacts.

“Home.” n.d. The Nature of Cities. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://www.thenatureofcities.com/.

Hsu, Angel, Glenn Sheriff, Tirthankar Chakraborty, and Diego Manya. 2021. “Disproportionate Exposure to Urban Heat Island Intensity across Major US Cities.” Nature Communications 12 (1): 2721. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-22799-5.

Jong, Feike De. 2017. “Which Is the World’s Most Biodiverse City?” The Guardian, July 3, 2017, sec. Cities. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2017/jul/03/which-worlds-most-biodiverse-city-extreme-cities.

Jonnes, Jill. 2016. Urban Forests. Viking. https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/49031513-urban-forests-a-natural-history-of-trees-in-the-american-cityscape.

Krasny, Marianne. 2015. “Extinction of Experience: Does It Matter?” The Nature of Cities (blog). March 15, 2015. https://www.thenatureofcities.com/2015/03/15/extinction-of-experience-does-it-matter/.

“Liuzhou Forest City.” n.d. Stefano Boeri Architetti (blog). Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.stefanoboeriarchitetti.net/en/project/liuzhou-forest-city/.

“London National Park City.” 2018. Mayor of London | London Assembly. January 30, 2018. https://www.london.gov.uk//what-we-do/environment/parks-green-spaces-and-biodiversity/london-national-park-city.

Luber, George, and Michael McGeehin. 2008. “Climate Change and Extreme Heat Events.” American Journal of Preventive Medicine 35 (5): 429–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.021.

Marshall, Colin. 2015. “The World’s First Skyscraper: A History of Cities in 50 Buildings, Day 9.” The Guardian, April 2, 2015, sec. Cities. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2015/apr/02/worlds-first-skyscraper-chicago-home-insurance-building-history.

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Miller, James R. 2005. “Biodiversity Conservation and the Extinction of Experience.” Trends in Ecology & Evolution 20 (8): 430–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2005.05.013.

Miller, Maya. 2018. “Here’s How Much Cities Contribute to the World’s Carbon Footprint.” Scientific American. June 27, 2018. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/heres-how-much-cities-contribute-to-the-worlds-carbon-footprint/.

“MIT Senseable City Lab.” n.d. MIT Senseable City Lab. Accessed August 26, 2021. https://senseable.mit.edu.

Moran, Daniel. n.d. “Global Gridded Model of Carbon Footprints (GGMCF).” City Carbon Footprints. https://citycarbonfootprints.info/.

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Nowak, David J., Robert E. III Hoehn, Allison R. Bodine, Eric J. Greenfield, Alexis Ellis, Theodore A. Endreny, Yang Yang, Tian Zhou, and Ruthanne Henry. 2013. “Assessing Urban Forest Effects and Values: Toronto’s Urban Forest.” https://doi.org/10.2737/NRS-RB-79.

O’Sullivan, Feargus. 2021. “A Green Transformation for the ‘World’s Most Beautiful Avenue.’” Bloomberg.Com, January 14, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2021-01-14/paris-dreams-of-a-calmer-greener-champs-elys-es.

“Park History.” n.d. Central Park Conservancy. Accessed October 11, 2021. https://www.centralparknyc.org/park-history.

Plastrik, Peter, and John Cleveland. 2018. “Game Changers: Bold Actions by Cities to Accelerate Progress Toward Carbon Neutrality.” Carbon Neutral Cities Alliance. http://carbonneutralcities.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/09/CNCA-Game-Changers-Report-2018.pdf.

“Public Symposium Recap.” 2018. Broken Nature. 2018. http://www.brokennature.org/public-symposium-june/.

Rahman, Mohammad A., Laura M. F. Stratopoulos, Astrid Moser-Reischl, Teresa Zölch, Karl-Heinz Häberle, Thomas Rötzer, Hans Pretzsch, and Stephan Pauleit. 2020. “Traits of Trees for Cooling Urban Heat Islands: A Meta-Analysis.” Building and Environment 170 (March): 106606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106606.

Reba, Meredith, Femke Reitsma, and Karen C. Seto. 2016. “Spatializing 6,000 Years of Global Urbanization from 3700 BC to AD 2000.” Scientific Data 3 (June): 160034. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2016.34.

Roxburgh, Helen. 2017. “China’s ‘sponge Cities’ Are Turning Streets Green to Combat Flooding.” The Guardian, December 28, 2017, sec. World news. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/dec/28/chinas-sponge-cities-are-turning-streets-green-to-combat-flooding.

Schäffler, Alexis, and Mark Swilling. 2013. “Valuing Green Infrastructure in an Urban Environment under Pressure — The Johannesburg Case.” Ecological Economics, Sustainable Urbanisation: A resilient future, 86 (February): 246–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2012.05.008.

Shield, Charli. 2020. “Trees Help Cities Thrive: Here’s Why We Need Them More than Ever.” DW.COM. July 27, 2020. https://www.dw.com/en/trees-extreme-weather-heat-stress-water-drought-health-green-parks-cities-climate-change/a-54210247.

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Sisson, Patrick. 2020. “Can Planting Trees Make a City More Equitable?” Bloomberg.Com, August 28, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-08-28/planting-city-trees-with-a-new-focus-on-equity.

Smith, Monica L. 2019. Cities: The First 6,000 Years. Illustrated edition. New York: Viking.

Sparrow, Jeff. 2020. “Undraining the Swamp: How Rewilders Have Reclaimed Golf Courses and Waterways.” The Guardian, September 10, 2020, sec. Environment. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/11/undraining-the-swamp-how-rewilders-have-reclaimed-golf-courses-and-waterways.

“Sponge Cities: Leveraging Nature as Ecological Infrastructure.” 2020. Centre for Liveable Cities. July 30, 2020. https://www.clc.gov.sg/events/webinars/view/sponge-cities.

Sturgeon, Amanda. 2021. “Rewilding Our Cities: Beauty, Biodiversity and the Biophilic Cities Movement.” The Guardian, April 4, 2021, sec. Art and design. http://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2021/apr/05/re-wilding-our-cities-beauty-biodiversity-and-the-biophilic-cities-movement.

“UnexpectedFS.” n.d. The Unexpected. Accessed August 16, 2021. https://www.unexpectedfs.com.

“Using Trees and Vegetation to Reduce Heat Islands.” 2014. Overviews and Factsheets. US EPA. June 17, 2014. https://www.epa.gov/heatislands/using-trees-and-vegetation-reduce-heat-islands.

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Verticale, Bosco. n.d. “How Do You Engineer a Forest in the Sky?” ARUP. Accessed September 29, 2021. https://www.arup.com/projects/bosco-verticale.

Wang, Lucy. 2019. “First Smart Forest City in Mexico Will Be 100% Food and Energy Self-Sufficient.” November 8, 2019. https://inhabitat.com/first-smart-forest-city-in-mexico-will-be-100-food-and-energy-self-sufficient/.

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Fifteen Minute City

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Carbon Architecture

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Timperley, Jocelyn. 2018. “Q&A: Why Cement Emissions Matter for Climate Change.” Carbon Brief. September 13, 2018. https://www.carbonbrief.org/qa-why-cement-emissions-matter-for-climate-change.

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Zhong, Jitao, Lai Wang, Yunfeng Li, and Man Zhou. 2017. “Solving the Mystery of China’s Thousand-Year-Old Wooden Pagoda.” Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers - Civil Engineering 170 (4): 169–73. https://doi.org/10.1680/jcien.16.00034.

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Food

Introduction

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Ahmed, Nafeez. 2018. “Scientists Warn the UN of Capitalism’s Imminent Demise.” INSURGE Intelligence (blog). October 19, 2018. https://medium.com/insurge-intelligence/scientists-warn-the-un-of-capitalisms-imminent-demise-a679facac985.

Arroyo, Marta, Francisco Ruiz, Juan Manuel Campos, Javier Bermejo, María Luz González-Regalado, Joaquín Rodríguez Vidal, Luis Miguel Cáceres, et al. 2021. “Where Did Christopher Columbus Start?: The Estuarine Scenario of a Historical Date.” Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 250 (March): 107162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecss.2020.107162.

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Barnett, Tracy L, and Lyla June. 2019. “Kelp Gardens, Piñon Forests.” The Esperanza Project (blog). November 9, 2019. https://www.esperanzaproject.com/2019/environment/kelp-gardens-and-pinon-forests-native-regenerative-agriculture/.

Bee, Violet. 2020. “Growing Food Is Our Greatest Protest.” Medium. February 5, 2020. https://medium.com/radical-hope/growing-food-is-our-greatest-protest-89ed20cec123.

Beebe, Andrew. 2021. “We Have Entered the Climate Decade.” Medium. February 24, 2021. https://worldpositive.com/we-have-entered-the-climate-decade-70b7f433271b.

Benveniste, Alexis. 2020. “Elon Musk’s Brother Wants to Transform Farming.” CNN, February 28, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/02/28/business/musk-vertical-farm/index.html.

Bittman, Mark. 2021. Animal, Vegetable, Junk: A History of Food, from Sustainable to Suicidal. Boston: Mariner Books.

BMJ. 2020. “Dietary Guidelines Are Not Compatible with Global Health and Environmental Targets: Reforming Dietary Guidelines Could Prevent Deaths and Cut Greenhouse Emissions.” ScienceDaily. July 15, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/07/200715190754.htm.

Bondevett. 2020. “What Is the Carbon Footprint of Foods?” Medium (blog). May 21, 2020. https://medium.com/@bondevett/what-is-the-carbon-footprint-of-foods-244cf89154fc.

Borrelli, Pasquale, David A. Robinson, Larissa R. Fleischer, Emanuele Lugato, Cristiano Ballabio, Christine Alewell, Katrin Meusburger, et al. 2017. “An Assessment of the Global Impact of 21st Century Land Use Change on Soil Erosion.” Nature Communications 8 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-02142-7.

Borthwick, Meg. 2020. “What’s the Future of Food?” Rabble.Ca. June 10, 2020. https://rabble.ca/news/2020/06/whats-future-food.

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Bult, Laura. 2020. “The Food to Avoid If You Care about Climate Change.” Vox. May 14, 2020. https://www.vox.com/videos/2020/5/14/21257118/food-avoid-climate-change-emissions-beef.

Bunn, Henry, Travis Pickering, and Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo. 2017. “How Meat Made Us Human: Archaeological Evidence of the Diet and Foraging Capabilities of Early Pleistocene Homo in East Africa.” In The Oxford Handbook of the Archaeology of Diet, edited by Julia Lee-Thorp and M. Anne Katzenberg. Archaeology, Archaeology of Africa, Prehistoric Archaeology. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199694013.013.5.

Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 2020. “To Predict How Crops Cope with Changing Climate, 30 Years of Experiments Simulate Future.” ScienceDaily. November 2, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/11/201102120111.htm.

Chandrasekara, Anoma, and Thamilini Josheph Kumar. 2016. “Roots and Tuber Crops as Functional Foods: A Review on Phytochemical Constituents and Their Potential Health Benefits.” International Journal of Food Science 2016 (April): e3631647. https://doi.org/10.1155/2016/3631647.

Choi, Hanna. 2016. “‘Going Green’ Is Really ‘Going Native’: Western Apache Chef Nephi Craig.” NPR, April 4, 2016. https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2016/04/04/470071043/going-green-is-really-going-native-western-apache-chef-nephi-craig.

“Christopher Columbus.” 2021. Royal Museums Greenwich. September 9, 2021. https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/christopher-columbus.

Clark, Michael A., Nina G. G. Domingo, Kimberly Colgan, Sumil K. Thakrar, David Tilman, John Lynch, Inês L. Azevedo, and Jason D. Hill. 2020. “Global Food System Emissions Could Preclude Achieving the 1.5° and 2°C Climate Change Targets.” Science 370 (6517): 705–8. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba7357.

Corkery, Michael. 2021. “Annie’s Pledges to Purge a Class of Chemicals From Its Mac and Cheese.” The New York Times, February 19, 2021, sec. Business. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/02/19/business/annies-mac-cheese-plastic-phthalates.html.

Dalby, Andrew. 2001. “Christopher Columbus, Gonzalo Pizarro, and the Search for Cinnamon.” Gastronomica 1 (2): 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1525/gfc.2001.1.2.40.

DeWeerdt, Sarah. 2020. “Most Climate and Agriculture Research Has Focused on Crops, Not the People Who Pick Them.” Anthropocene Magazine (blog). May 5, 2020. https://www.anthropocenemagazine.org/2020/05/the-high-toll-of-climate-change-on-farm-workers-health/.

Di Cesare, Mariachiara, Maroje Sorić, Pascal Bovet, J. Jaime Miranda, Zulfiqar Bhutta, Gretchen A Stevens, Avula Laxmaiah, Andre-Pascal Kengne, and James Bentham. 2019. “The Epidemiological Burden of Obesity in Childhood: A Worldwide Epidemic Requiring Urgent Action.” BMC Medicine 17 (1): 212. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-019-1449-8.

Dowie, Mark. 2017. The Haida Gwaii Lesson: A Strategic Playbook for Indigenous Sovereignty. Oakland, CA: Inkshares.

Estevez, Jorge Baracutei. 2019. “On Indigenous Peoples’ Day, Meet the Survivors of a ‘Paper Genocide.’” National Geographic. October 14, 2019. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/meet-survivors-taino-tribe-paper-genocide.

Fábián, Tibor Károly, Péter Hermann, Anita Beck, Pál Fejérdy, and Gábor Fábián. 2012. “Salivary Defense Proteins: Their Network and Role in Innate and Acquired Oral Immunity.” International Journal of Molecular Sciences 13 (4): 4295–4320. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms13044295.

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Sedbrook, Danielle. 2016. “2,4-D: The Most Dangerous Pesticide You’ve Never Heard Of.” NRDC. March 15, 2016. https://www.nrdc.org/stories/24-d-most-dangerous-pesticide-youve-never-heard.

Singh, Pragya. 2016. “The Beef About Buff.” Outlook India Magazine, September 7, 2016. https://www.outlookindia.com/magazine/story/the-beef-about-buff/297825.

Solotaroff, Paul. 2013. “In the Belly of the Beast.” Rolling Stone Magazine, December 10, 2013. https://www.rollingstone.com/interactive/feature-belly-beast-meat-factory-farms-animal-activists/.

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Springmann, Marco, Daniel Mason-D’Croz, Sherman Robinson, H.Charles J.Godfray Keith Wiebe, Mike Rayner, and Peter Scarborough. 2018. “Health-Motivated Taxes on Red and Processed Meat: A Modelling Study on Optimal Tax Levels and Associated Health Impacts.” Plos One 13 (11). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204139.

Stanley, Paige L., Jason E. Rowntree, David K. Beede, Marcia S. Delonge, and Michael W. Hamm. 2018. “Impacts of Soil Carbon Sequestration on Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Midwestern USA Beef Finishing Systems.” Agricultural Systems 162: 249–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agsy.2018.02.003.

“Sugar - Background.” 2021. USDA ERS. April 21, 2021. https://www.ers.usda.gov/topics/crops/sugar-sweeteners/background.aspx.

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———. 2020b. “These 12 Organizations Are Creating Food Products from Upcycled Food Waste.” Greenbiz. October 8, 2020. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/these-12-organizations-are-creating-food-products-upcycled-food-waste.

Teske, Sven, ed. 2019. Achieving the Paris Climate Agreement Goals: Global and Regional 100% Renewable Energy Scenarios with Non-Energy GHG Pathways for +1.5°C and +2°C. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05843-2.

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Tilman, David, and Michael Clark. 2014. “Global Diets Link Environmental Sustainability and Human Health.” Nature 515 (7528): 518–22. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13959.

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Ulian, Tiziana, Mauricio Diazgranados, Samuel Pironon, Stefano Padulosi, Udayangani Liu, Lee Davies, Melanie-Jayne R. Howes, et al. 2020. “Unlocking Plant Resources to Support Food Security and Promote Sustainable Agriculture.” PLANTS, PEOPLE, PLANET 2 (5): 421–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/ppp3.10145.

Vijay, Varsha, Stuart L. Pimm, Clinton N. Jenkins, and Sharon J. Smith. 2016. “The Impacts of Oil Palm on Recent Deforestation and Biodiversity Loss.” PLOS ONE 11 (7): e0159668. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0159668.

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Warne, Donald, and Siobhan Wescott. 2019. “Social Determinants of American Indian Nutritional Health.” Current Developments in Nutrition 3 (Suppl 2): 12–18. https://doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzz054.

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Zaleski, Andrew. 2020. “The Next Big Leap for Fake Meat.” Medium (blog). January 24, 2020. https://medium.com/@grist/the-next-big-leap-for-fake-meat-3dac75fbfef7.

Localization

“18 Chefs Working To Save Biodiversity.” 2021. Food Tank (blog). July 1, 2021. https://foodtank.com/news/2021/07/chefs-promoting-biodiversity-for-a-healthier-planet/.

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Abulu, Latoya. 2020. “In South Korea, Centuries of Farming Point to the Future for Sustainable Agriculture.” Mongabay Environmental News, May 18, 2020, sec. Environmental news. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/05/in-south-korea-centuries-of-farming-point-to-the-future-for-sustainable-agriculture/.

Ackerman, Kubi, Eric Dahlgren, and Xiaoqi Xu. 2013. “Sustainable Urban Agriculture: Confirming Viable Scenarios for Production.” 13–07. New York State Energy Research and Development Authority. http://urbandesignlab.columbia.edu/files/2015/04/2_Sustainable-Urban-Agriculture_NYSERDA.pdf.

Agrarian Trust. 2020. “A Step toward Land Justice,” 2020. https://mailchi.mp/01924cc6225a/agrarian-commons-news-growth-progress-celebration-5098074?e=21e0c9e9bc.

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Armao, Mark. 2020. “A San Diego Pier-to-Plate Seafood Market Is a Lifeline for Fishermen.” Civil Eats. July 2, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/07/02/a-san-diego-pier-to-plate-seafood-market-is-a-lifeline-for-fishermen/.

Ashoka. 2020. “We Can Partner With Nature To Feed Everybody.” Forbes. October 7, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/ashoka/2020/10/07/we-can-partner-with-nature-to-feed-everybody/.

“Bankruptcy Filings Increase Slightly.” 2021. United States Courts. March 5, 2021. https://www.uscourts.gov/news/2020/01/28/bankruptcy-filings-increase-slightly.

Baszile, Natalie. 2021. We Are Each Other’s Harvest: Celebrating African American Farmers, Land, and Legacy. Amistad.

Brenan, Megan. 2018. “Most Americans Try to Eat Locally Grown Foods.” Gallup.Com. August 7, 2018. https://news.gallup.com/poll/240515/americans-try-eat-locally-grown-foods.aspx.

Brimm, Kate. 2020. “The Moment for Food Sovereignty Is Now.” Civil Eats. April 2, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/04/02/the-moment-for-food-sovereignty-is-now/.

Brown, Kate. 2020. “The Pandemic Is Not a Natural Disaster.” The New Yorker, April 13, 2020. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/annals-of-inquiry/the-pandemic-is-not-a-natural-disaster.

Brown Weiss, Edith. 2011. “The Evolution of International Environmental Law.” Georgetown Law Faculty Publications and Other Works 1669 (January). https://scholarship.law.georgetown.edu/facpub/1669.

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Cassidy, Emily S., Paul C. West, James S. Gerber, and Jonathan A. Foley. 2013. “Redefining Agricultural Yields: From Tonnes to People Nourished per Hectare.” Environmental Research Letters 8 (3): 034015. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/8/3/034015.

Chapman, Dave. 2020. “Real Organic Project,” 2020. https://mailchi.mp/realorganicproject/dear-usda-what-will-it-take?e=d44092478b.

———. 2021. “Grain By Grain,” 2021. https://mailchi.mp/realorganicproject/weekly-letter-quinn?e=d44092478b.

Clinton, Nicholas, Michelle Stuhlmacher, and Albie Miles. 2018. “A Global Geospatial Ecosystem Services Estimate of Urban Agriculture.” Advancing Earth and Space Science, January. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017EF000536.

Cohn, Roger. 2020. “Spillover Warning: How We Can Prevent the Next Pandemic.” Yale E360, April 9, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/spillover-warning-how-we-can-prevent-the-next-pandemic-david-quammen.

“Community Supported Agriculture.” 2021. USDA Alternative Farming Systems Information Center. September 2021. https://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/community-supported-agriculture.

“Crop Acreage Data.” 2021. USDA. October 1, 2021. https://fsa.usda.gov/news-room/efoia/electronic-reading-room/frequently-requested-information/crop-acreage-data/index.

Derrell, Peel, Dustin Aherin, Randy Blach, Kenneth Burdine, Don Close, Amy Hagerman, Josh Maples, James Robb, and Glynn Tonsor. 2020. “Economic Damages to the U.S. Beef Cattle Industry Due to COVID-19.” National Cattlemen’s Beef Association. https://www.ncba.org/newsreleases1.aspx?newsid=7225.

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DTE Staff. 2020. “Junk Food Monster: Every Bite of Your Favourite Snack Can Be Lethal FULL COVERAGE.” Down to Earth. January 9, 2020. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/food/junk-food-monster-every-bite-of-your-favourite-snack-can-be-lethal-full-coverage-68720.

DuMont, Darcy. 2020. “Local and Green Darcy DuMont: Food as a Climate Solution.” Amherst Bulletin. January 9, 2020. https://www.amherstbulletin.com/Columnist-Darcy-Dumont-31799337.

Elbein, Saul. 2020. “The Pandemic Could Actually Strengthen the U.S. Food System.” National Geographic. July 17, 2020. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/pandemic-could-strengthen-us-food-system.

Ewing-Chow, Daphne. 2020. “Earth’s Rapidly Degrading Soil Is Bad News For Human Health.” Forbes. June 24, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/daphneewingchow/2020/06/24/earths-rapidly-degrading-soil-is-bad-news-for-human-health/.

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Finley, Ron. 2013. A Guerrilla Gardener in South Central LA. TED. https://www.ted.com/talks/ron_finley_a_guerrilla_gardener_in_south_central_la.

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Forni, C., F. Facchiano, and M. Bartoli. n.d. “Beneficial Role of Phytochemicals on Oxidative Stress and Age-Related Diseases.” Biomedical Research International 2019 (8748253). https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/8748253.

“Fresh - Local - Delivered.” n.d. Three River Farmers Alliance. Accessed October 13, 2021. https://www.threeriverfa.com.

Frisch, Tracy. 2019. “To Free Ourselves, We Must Feed Ourselves.” The Sun Magazine. July 2019. https://www.thesunmagazine.org/issues/523/to-free-ourselves-we-must-feed-ourselves.

Gibbens, Sarah. 2020. “These 5 Foods Show How Coronavirus Has Disrupted Supply Chains.” National Geographic. May 19, 2020. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/covid-19-disrupts-complex-food-chains-beef-milk-eggs-produce.

Givens, Maria, and Alison Creasy. 2020. “12 Native-Owned Food Businesses to Support on Indigenous Peoples’ Day.” Civil Eats. October 12, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/10/12/12-native-owned-food-businesses-to-support-on-indigenous-peoples-day/.

Green Fire Times. 2020. “The Return of True Agricultural Localism,” October 2020.

Greer, Krista, Dirk Zeller, and Jessika Woroniak. 2019. “Global Trends in Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Emissions from Fuel Combustion in Marine Fisheries from 1950 to 2016.” Marine Policy 107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2018.12.001.

Grewal, Sharanbir S., and Parwinder S. Grewal. 2012. “Can Cities Become Self-Reliant in Food?” Cities 29 (1). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2011.06.003.

H2020. n.d. “Strengthening European Food Chain Sustainability by Quality and Procurement Policy | Strength2Food Project.” CORDIS | European Commission. Accessed September 4, 2021. https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/678024.

Haugen, Jason D. 2009. “Borrowed Borrowings: Nahuatl Loan Words in English.” Lexis. Journal in English Lexicology, no. 3 (July). https://doi.org/10.4000/lexis.638.

Held, Lisa. 2020. “Can Local Food Feed Big Cities? Yes, If We Cut Down on Meat.” Civil Eats. December 2, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/12/02/can-local-food-feed-big-cities-yes-if-we-cut-down-on-meat/.

Holden, Patrick. 2020. “How Has This Impacted the UK Food Systems to Date?” EHN. April 6, 2020. https://www.ehn.org/coronavirus-food-security-2645620103/how-has-this-impacted-the-uk-food-systems-to-date?rebelltitem=1.

“Home Page.” n.d. American Grassfed Association. Accessed August 26, 2021. https://www.americangrassfed.org/.

Hyman, Mark. 2020a. “How To Stop Stress From Controlling Your Life.” Dr. Hyman. 2020. https://drhyman.com/blog/2020/06/26/minisode-42/.

———. 2020b. Food Fix: How to Save Our Health, Our Economy, Our Communities, and Our Planet--One Bite at a Time. Illustrated edition. New York: Little, Brown Spark.

International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. 2020. “Climate-Friendly Cooling to Help Ease Global Warming.” ScienceDaily. October 6, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/10/201006114223.htm.

Ishangulyyev, R., S. Kim, and S.H. Lee. 2019. “Understanding Food Loss and Waste-Why Are We Losing and Wasting Food?” Foods 8 (8). https://doi.org/10.3390/foods8080297.

James, Anthony. n.d. “Local Is the New Black: The New Economics of Place, with Michael Shuman.” The RegenNarration Podcast. Accessed October 13, 2021. https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/036-local-is-the-new-black-the-new-economics/id1236423380?i=1000437577762.

Kallas, John. 2010. Edible Wild Plants. Illustrated edition. Gibbs Smith.

Kanemoto, Keiichiro, Daniel Moran, and Yosuke Shigetomi. 2019. “Meat Consumption Does Not Explain Differences in Household Food Carbon Footprints in Japan.” One Earth 1 (4). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2019.12.004.

“Karen Washington.” n.d. Rise & Root Farm. Accessed October 13, 2021. https://www.riseandrootfarm.com/karen-washington.

Keeley, Keefe. 2020. “The People of Pembroke Township.” Savanna Institute. 2020. https://mailchi.mp/ccc6d5f08663/the-people-of-pembroke-township?e=3a3565ac53.

Knight, Sara Ailennyn. 2018. “I Appreciate and Admire Your Writing and the Time You Clearly Devoted to Developing This Paper.” Medium (blog). July 10, 2018. https://medium.com/@Rekindler/i-appreciate-and-admire-your-writing-and-the-time-you-clearly-devoted-to-developing-this-paper-1ec67757c541.

“Landing Page.” n.d. Cooperative Grocer Network (blog). Accessed October 13, 2021. https://landing.grocer.coop/.

Lei Win, Thin. 2020. “In the U.S., Black-Run Urban Farms Fight Food Inequality.” July 28, 2020. http://longreads.trust.org/item/black-urban-community-farmers-uproot-food-apartheid-united-states.

Levitt, Tom. 2020. “Why Some Farmers Are Ditching Livestock for Plants.” EcoWatch. April 22, 2020. https://www.ecowatch.com/farmers-plant-transition-2645785977.html.

“Local Food Directories: National Farmers Market Directory.” 2021. USDA Agricultural Marketing Service. 2021. https://www.ams.usda.gov/local-food-directories/farmersmarkets.

Local Futures. 2020. “My Year Without Industrial Food.” Local Futures — Economics of Happiness (blog). January 17, 2020. https://medium.com/local-futures-economics-of-happiness/my-year-without-industrial-food-eaf3ec459864.

Lowder, Sarah K., Jakob Skoet, and Terri Raney. 2016. “The Number, Size, and Distribution of Farms, Smallholder Farms, and Family Farms Worldwide.” World Development 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2015.10.041.

Maltzahn, Geoffrey von. 2019. Geoffrey von Maltzahn of Indigo Ag Talks Plant Microbiomes and Decommoditizing Agriculture. The Engine, Built by MIT. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D8XW1nVcdI0.

“Map.” n.d. Climate-Friendly Supermarkets. Accessed September 3, 2021. https://www.climatefriendlysupermarkets.org/map.

Mara, Melina, and Laura Reiley. 2020. “From Ranch to Kitchen Table.” Washington Post, July 17, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/graphics/business/2020/07/17/coronavirus-restaurants-farm-ranch/.

Martinez, Steve, Michael Hand, Michelle Da Pra, Susan Pollack, Katherine Ralston, Travis Smith, Stephen Vogel, et al. 2010. “Local Food Systems: Concepts, Impacts, and Issues.” USDA Economic Research Service, May, 87.

Matei, Adrienne. 2020. “Now Is the Time to Sign up for Local Community-Supported Agriculture. Here’s Why | Adrienne Matei.” The Guardian. April 23, 2020. http://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/apr/23/us-farms-csa-food-coronavirus.

Matsumoto, Nancy. 2020. “An Intergenerational Juneteenth Gathering Shows How the Black Food Sovereignty Discussion Has Shifted.” Civil Eats. June 24, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/06/24/an-intergenerational-juneteenth-gathering-shows-how-the-black-food-sovereignty-discussion-has-shifted/.

Mbow, Cheikh, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Luis Gustavo Barioni, Tim G Benton, Mario Herrero, Murukesan Krishnapillai, Emma Liwenga, et al. 2019. “Chapter 5 - Food Security.” In IPCC Special Report on Climate Change and Land. IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/chapter/chapter-5/.

Metzger, Lise. 2020. “Farming Is an Act of Social Justice at Woven Roots Farm.” Civil Eats. August 12, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/08/12/farming-is-an-act-of-social-justice-at-woven-roots-farm/.

“Michael H Shuman.” n.d. Commentary on Community Economics (blog). Accessed August 30, 2021. https://michaelhshuman.com/.

“MilkRun | Local Grocery Food Delivery Portland.” 2021. MilkRun. September 14, 2021. https://portland.localmilkrun.com/shop.

Miller, Daphne. 2013. Farmacology: Total Health from the Ground Up. 1st edition. New York, NY: William Morrow.

———. 2020. “Most Farmers in the Great Plains Don’t Grow Fruits and Vegetables. The Pandemic Is Changing That.” Civil Eats. May 12, 2020. https://civileats.com/2020/05/12/most-farmers-in-the-great-plains-dont-grow-fruits-and-vegetables-the-pandemic-is-changing-that/.

“More Farmers, Better Food.” 2019. Friends of the Earth Europe (blog). March 25, 2019. https://friendsoftheearth.eu/news/more-farmers-better-food/.

Nabhan, Gary Paul. 2018. Food from the Radical Center: Healing Our Land and Communities. Island Press.

“National Diabetes Statistics Report 2020. Estimates of Diabetes and Its Burden in the United States.” 2020. CS 314227-A. CDC. https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/pdfs/data/statistics/national-diabetes-statistics-report.pdf.

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Nittle, Nadra. 2021. “Tracy McCurty Has Worked a Long Time to See Historic Wrongs Righted for Black Farmers.” Civil Eats. March 29, 2021. https://civileats.com/2021/03/29/tracy-mccurty-has-worked-a-long-time-to-see-historic-wrongs-righted-for-black-farmers/.

Norberg-Hodge, Helena. 2018. “Unlike a Globalized Food System, Local Food Won’t Destroy the Environment.” Local Futures (blog). December 5, 2018. https://www.localfutures.org/unlike-a-globalized-food-system-local-food-wont-destroy-the-environment/.

“Obesity and Overweight.” 2021. World Health Organization. June 9, 2021. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/obesity-and-overweight.

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Olmstead, Gracy. 2021. “Opinion | My Great-Grandfather Knew How to Fix America’s Food System.” The New York Times, March 19, 2021, sec. Opinion. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/19/opinion/america-agriculture-food-farming.html.

“Oral Histories: Susan Pavlin.” 2013. Southern Foodways Alliance. September 26, 2013. https://www.southernfoodways.org/interview/susan-pavlin/.

“Our Farming Model.” n.d. Singing Frogs Farm. Accessed October 13, 2021. http:///our-farming-model.html.

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Palmberg, Louise. 2020. “Finding Euphoria in Bangkok’s Food Scene.” The New York Times, June 1, 2020, sec. Travel. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/01/travel/bangkok-thailand-food-markets.html.

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Samuel, Sigal. 2020. “How to Reduce Your Food’s Carbon Footprint, in 2 Charts.” Vox. February 20, 2020. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/2/20/21144017/local-food-carbon-footprint-climate-environment.

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Spiegel, Bill. 2020. “Use Soil Health to Feed Your Neighbors.” Successful Farming. April 14, 2020. https://www.agriculture.com/use-soil-health-to-feed-your-neighbors.

Springmann, Marco, Michael Clark, Daniel Mason-D’Croz, Keith Wiebe, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Luis Lassaletta, Wim de Vries, et al. 2018. “Options for Keeping the Food System within Environmental Limits.” Nature 562 (7728): 519–25. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0594-0.

Steel, Carolyn. 2013. Hungry City: How Food Shapes Our Lives. Reissue edition. London: Vintage UK.

Tamm, Amber. 2019. The Story of Burnout Fueled by Climate Grief and Food Injustice — An Interview with Amber Tamm Interview by Maia Wikler. https://cometolife.com/the-story-burnout-fuelled-by-climate-grief-and-food-injustice-an-interview-with-amber-tamm/.

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Tufts University, Health Sciences Campus. 2020. “Some but Not All US Metro Areas Could Grow All Needed Food Locally, Estimates Study: Researchers Estimate Potential for Locally Sourced Food Based on Land Needs for Different Diets.” ScienceDaily. September 14, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/09/200914095857.htm.

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Decommodification

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Hall, Kevin D., Alexis Ayuketah, Robert Brychta, Hongyi Cai, Thomas Cassimatis, Kong Y. Chen, Stephanie T. Chung, et al. 2019. “Ultra-Processed Diets Cause Excess Calorie Intake and Weight Gain: An Inpatient Randomized Controlled Trial of Ad Libitum Food Intake.” Cell Metabolism 30 (1): 67-77.e3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2019.05.008.

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Monteiro, Carlos A., Geoffrey Cannon, Renata B. Levy, Jean-Claude Moubarac, Maria LC Louzada, Fernanda Rauber, Neha Khandpur, et al. 2019. “Ultra-Processed Foods: What They Are and How to Identify Them.” Public Health Nutrition 22 (5): 936–41. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980018003762.

Morris, Jennifer L., Mark N. Puttick, James W. Clark, Dianne Edwards, Paul Kenrick, Silvia Pressel, Charles H. Wellman, Ziheng Yang, Harald Schneider, and Philip C. J. Donoghue. 2018. “The Timescale of Early Land Plant Evolution.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115 (10): E2274–83. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1719588115.

Nabhan, Gary Paul. 2018. Food from the Radical Center: Healing Our Land and Communities. Island Press.

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Rosenzweig, Mbow, L.G. Barioni, T.G. Benton, M. Herrero, E. Liwenga, P Pradhan, M.G. Rivera-Ferre, Sapkota T., F.N. Tubiello, and Y Xu. 2019. “Food Security.” Climate Change and Land: An IPCC Special Report on Climate Change, Desertification, Land Degradation, Sustainable Land Management, Food Security, and Greenhouse Gas Fluxes in Terrestrial Ecosystems. IPCC. https://www.ipcc.ch/srccl/chapter/chapter-5/.

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Insect Extinction

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Carlson, Colin J., Kevin R. Burgio, Eric R. Dougherty, Anna J. Phillips, Veronica M. Bueno, Christopher F. Clements, Giovanni Castaldo, et al. 2021. “Parasite Biodiversity Faces Extinction and Redistribution in a Changing Climate.” Science Advances 3 (9): e1602422. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1602422.

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Wind

Abnett, Kate. 2020. “European Union Plans Mammoth Expansion of Offshore Wind Farms.” The Jakarta Post. November 20, 2020. https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2020/11/20/european-union-plans-mammoth-expansion-of-offshore-wind-farms.html.

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Baldizon, Roberto. 2018. “The Reality of Wind Energy.” Luszol (blog). October 9, 2018. https://medium.com/luszol/the-reality-of-wind-energy-6a9d66c67363.

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Durakovic, Adnan. 2020. “Global Offshore Wind Pipeline Up Nearly 50 Per Cent in 2020 - RenewableUK.” Offshore Wind. October 29, 2020. https://www.offshorewind.biz/2020/10/29/global-offshore-wind-pipeline-up-nearly-50-per-cent-in-2020-renewableuk/.

Ed, CFACT, and Paul Driessen. 2019. “The Giga and Terra Scam of Offshore Wind Energy.” CFACT (blog). November 4, 2019. https://www.cfact.org/2019/11/04/the-giga-and-terra-scam-of-offshore-wind-energy/.

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Fleming, Diarmaid. 2014. “Ireland’s Rural Protests over Wind Energy.” BBC News, February 2, 2014, sec. Europe. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-25966198.

Frangoul, Anmar. 2020. “An Offshore Wind Farm with the Ability to ‘power One Million Households’ Is Fully up and Running.” CNBC, November 30, 2020, sec. Sustainable Energy. https://www.cnbc.com/2020/11/30/wind-farm-with-ability-to-power-one-million-households-up-and-running.html.

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Gabbatiss, Josh. 2020. “IEA: Wind and Solar Capacity Will Overtake Both Gas and Coal Globally by 2024.” Carbon Brief. November 10, 2020. https://www.carbonbrief.org/iea-wind-and-solar-capacity-will-overtake-both-gas-and-coal-globally-by-2024.

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Grandoni, Dino, and Juliet Eliperin. 2021. “Biden Administration Backs Nation’s Biggest Wind Farm off Martha’s Vineyard.” Washington Post, March 8, 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2021/03/08/biden-climate-windfarm/.

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Griffith, Saul. 2020. In Climate Emergency, Break Glass.

Hanley, Steve. 2020. “Re-Powering - It’s The New, New Thing For Existing Wind Farms.” CleanTechnica. December 5, 2020. https://cleantechnica.com/2020/12/05/repowering-new-thing-existing-wind-farms/.

Hartman, Liz. 2021a. “Computing America’s Offshore Wind Energy Potential.” Energy.Gov. September 13, 2021. https://www.energy.gov/eere/articles/computing-america-s-offshore-wind-energy-potential.

———. 2021b. “Top 10 Things You Didn’t Know About Offshore Wind Energy.” Energy.Gov. September 13, 2021. https://www.energy.gov/eere/wind/articles/top-10-things-you-didnt-know-about-offshore-wind-energy.

Heiligtag, Sven, Katsuhiro Sato, Benjamin Sauer, and Koji Toyama. 2020. “Japan Offshore Wind: The Ideal Moment to Build a Vibrant Industry.” McKinsey. August 12, 2020. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/electric-power-and-natural-gas/our-insights/japan-offshore-wind-the-ideal-moment-to-build-a-vibrant-industry.

Hockenos, Paul. 2020. “Is Wind Power’s Future in Deep Water?” BBC. October 14, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20201013-is-wind-powers-future-in-deep-water.

Holter, Mikael, and Rakteem Katakey. 2020. “BP’s $1.1 Billion Deal Marks First Step Into Offshore Wind.” Bloomberg.Com, September 10, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-10/bp-buys-u-s-offshore-wind-assets-for-1-1-billion-from-equinor.

“Home.” n.d. American Wind Wildlife Institute. Accessed September 5, 2021. https://awwi.org/.

“How Do Wind Turbines Survive Severe Storms?” 2021. Energy.Gov. September 29, 2021. https://www.energy.gov/eere/articles/how-do-wind-turbines-survive-severe-storms.

Hurdle, Jon. 2021. “On U.S. East Coast, Has Offshore Wind’s Moment Finally Arrived?” Yale E360, February 24, 2021. https://e360.yale.edu/features/on-u-s-east-coast-has-offshore-winds-moment-finally-arrived.

“Hydrogen Explained - U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA).” 2021. EIA. September 29, 2021. https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/hydrogen/.

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———. 2020. “Renewables 2020: Analysis and forecast to 2025.” Paris: IEA. https://www.iea.org/reports/renewables-2020.

indi.ca. 2020. “Green Energy Is Now As Cheap As Fossil Fuels.” Medium (blog). February 14, 2020. https://indica.medium.com/green-energy-is-cheaper-now-4be5d946351f.

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———. 2019b. “Future of the Wind: Deployment, Investment, Technology, Grid Integration and Socio-Economic Aspects.” Abu Dhabi: IRENA. https://www.irena.org/-/media/Files/IRENA/Agency/Publication/2019/Oct/IRENA_Future_of_wind_2019.pdf.

Jiang, Haibo, Yanru Li, and Zhongqing Cheng. 2015. “Performances of Ideal Wind Turbine.” Renewable Energy 83 (November): 658–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2015.05.013.

Josephson, Matthew. 1992. Edison: A Biography. New York: Wiley.

Jossi, Frank. 2020. “As Wind Energy Prices Plunge, Xcel Refunds Customers Who Paid a Premium.” Energy News Network. November 20, 2020. http://energynews.us/2020/11/20/as-wind-energy-prices-plunge-xcel-refunds-customers-who-paid-a-premium/.

Kaplan, Sarah. 2021. “The Empire State Building and Its Related Buildings Are Now Powered by Wind.” Washington Post, March 2021. https://www.washingtonpost.com/climate-solutions/2021/02/03/climate-empire-state-wind/.

“Lazard’s Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis - Version 13.0.” 2019. Lazard. https://www.lazard.com/media/451086/lazards-levelized-cost-of-energy-version-130-vf.pdf.

“Levelized Cost of Energy Analysis, Version 13.0.” 2019. Lazard. https://www.lazard.com/media/451086/lazards-levelized-cost-of-energy-version-130-vf.pdf.

Love, Shayla. 2014. “The Almost Forgotten Story Of The 1970s East Village Windmill.” Gothamist. September 29, 2014. https://gothamist.com.

Manwell, J.F, J.G McGowan, and A.L Rogers. 2009. Wind Energy Explained: Theory, Design and Application. 2nd ed. Wiley. http://ee.tlu.edu.vn/Portals/0/2018/NLG/Sach_Tieng_Anh.pdf.

Mathis, Will. 2020a. “Battle Over World’s Biggest Wind Turbine Is Heating Up.” Bloomberg, May 19, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-05-19/battle-over-world-s-biggest-wind-turbine-is-heating-up.

———. 2020b. “Inventor of Wind Turbine Is Trying to Harness Unlimited Power.” Bloomberg, June 5, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-06-05/floating-wind-farms-could-supply-the-world-s-electricity-by-2040.

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Shellenberger, Michael. 2018. “If Solar Panels Are So Clean, Why Do They Produce So Much Toxic Waste?” Forbes, May 23, 2018. https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelshellenberger/2018/05/23/if-solar-panels-are-so-clean-why-do-they-produce-so-much-toxic-waste/?sh=6d42597121cc.

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Electric Vehicles

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Kay, Grace. 2021a. “An Electric-Car Battery That Can Be Charged as Fast as Filling up Your Gas Tank Was Just Shown off by a Startup.” Yahoo News. January 20, 2021. https://news.yahoo.com/electric-car-battery-charged-fast-211717690.html.

———. 2021b. “An Electric-Car Battery That Can Be Charged as Fast as Filling up Your Gas Tank Was Just Shown off by a Startup.” Yahoo News, January 20, 2021. https://news.yahoo.com/electric-car-battery-charged-fast-211717690.html.

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Electrify Everything

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Rapier, Graham. 2020. “The 3 Biggest Things Elon Musk Announced at Tesla’s Big Outdoor Event.” Business Insider, September 23, 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/tesla-battery-day-announcements-highlights-elon-musk-annual-shareholder-meeting-2020-9.

Renew Economy. 2019. “More Stunning Falls in Solar and Battery Storage Costs Put Fossil Fuels on Notice.” Global Energy World, March 27, 2019. https://www.globalenergyworld.com/news/sustainable-energy/2019/03/27/more-stunning-falls-solar-battery-storage-costs-put-fossil-fuels-notice.

Robbins, Jim. 2020. “Green Hydrogen: Could It Be Key to a Carbon-Free Economy?” Yale E360. November 5, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/green-hydrogen-could-it-be-key-to-a-carbon-free-economy.

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Roth, Sammy. 2020. “Boiling Point: Giant Batteries Are Changing Everything for Clean Energy.” Los Angeles Times. May 14, 2020. https://www.latimes.com/environment/newsletter/2020-05-14/boiling-point-battery-revolution-clean-energy-boiling-point.

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Saarinen, Linn. 2014. “A Hydropower Perspective on Flexibility Demand and Grid Frequency Control.” Uppsala Universitet. https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:768935/FULLTEXT01.pdf.

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Serpell, Oscar. 2020. “The Opportunities and Limitations of Seasonal Energy Storage.” Kleinman Center for Energy Policy. https://kleinmanenergy.upenn.edu/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/KCEP-Opportunities-and-Limitations-P10.pdf.

Shinshu University. 2020. “Solar Hydrogen Production: Splitting Water with UV Is Now at Almost 100% Quantum Efficiency.” ScienceDaily. June 3, 2020. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/06/200603104547.htm.

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Spector, Julian. 2018. “Can Newcomer Energy Vault Break the Curse of Mechanical Grid Storage?” Greentech Media, November 14, 2018, sec. Energy Storage. https://www.greentechmedia.com/articles/read/energy-vault-stacks-concrete-blocks-to-store-energy.

Steinberger, Kevin. 2017. “Debunking Three Myths About ‘Baseload.’” NRDC. July 10, 2017. https://www.nrdc.org/experts/kevin-steinberger/debunking-three-myths-about-baseload.

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Microgrids

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Aubertin, Steve. 2019. “Global Investment and the Future Market for T&D Equipment.” Transformers Magazine, 2019. https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/324940.

Badiei, Sara. 29 11 16. “‘Swarm Electrification’ in Bangladesh Lets Neighbours Swap Solar Electricity.” VICE, 29 11 16. https://www.vice.com/en/article/mg7kpa/mesolshare-rural-bangladesh-swarm-electrification-off-the-grid.

Baker, Brianna. 2020. “He’s Bringing Solar Power to Puerto Rico — and Political Power to Its People.” Fix. November 23, 2020. https://grist.org/fix/hes-bringing-solar-power-to-puerto-rico-and-political-power-to-its-people/.

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Bellido, Marlon Huamani, Luiz Pinguelli Rosa, Amaro Olímpio Pereira, Djalma Mosqueira Falcão, and Suzana Kahn Ribeiro. 2018. “Barriers, Challenges and Opportunities for Microgrid Implementation: The Case of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro.” Journal of Cleaner Production 188 (July): 203–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.03.012.

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Burger, Andrew. 2019. “Tribal Microgrids Awarded Energy Funds from the DOE.” Microgrid Knowledge (blog). August 1, 2019. https://microgridknowledge.com/tribal-microgrids-federal-energy-funds/.

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Enapter. 2020. “ANALYSIS - Ditching the Diesel: Hydrogen Microgrids.” Renewablesnow.Com. June 23, 2020. https://renewablesnow.com/news/analysis-ditching-the-diesel-hydrogen-microgrids-703653/.

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Golpîra, Hêmin, Hossein Seifi, Arturo Román Messina, and Mahmoud-Reza Haghifam. 2016. “Maximum Penetration Level of Micro-Grids in Large-Scale Power Systems: Frequency Stability Viewpoint.” IEEE Transactions on Power Systems 31 (6): 5163–71. https://doi.org/10.1109/TPWRS.2016.2538083.

Goranović, Andrija, Marcus Meisel, Lampros Fotiadis, Stefan Wilker, Albert Treytl, and Thilo Sauter. 2017. “Blockchain Applications in Microgrids an Overview of Current Projects and Concepts.” In IECON 2017 - 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, 6153–58. https://doi.org/10.1109/IECON.2017.8217069.

Graber, Sachi, and Ebun Ayandele. 2018. “Reliable and Affordable Electricity for Nigeria: Growing the Minigrid Market.” RMI. August 28, 2018. https://rmi.org/reliable-and-affordable-electricity-for-nigeria-growing-the-minigrid-market/.

Groh, Sebastian, Shonali Pachauri, and Narasimha D. Rao. 2016. “What Are We Measuring? An Empirical Analysis of Household Electricity Access Metrics in Rural Bangladesh.” Energy for Sustainable Development 30 (February): 21–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2015.10.007.

Haag, Jella. 2017. “Solar Power Means Female Power? How the Introduction of Electricity Supports Gender Needs in Rural Bangladesh.” Master’s Thesis, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/12792/1/haag_j_171024.pdf.

Hallegatte, Stephane, Jun Rentschle, and Julie Rozenberg. 2019. Lifelines: The Resilient Infrastructure Opportunity. Washington DC: World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/31805.

Hawken, Paul, ed. 2017. “Energy Microgrids.” In Drawdown: The Most Comprehensive Plan Ever Proposed to Reverse Global Warming. Penguin.

Henze, Veronika. 2019. “Battery Pack Prices Fall As Market Ramps Up With Market Average At $156/KWh In 2019.” BloombergNEF (blog). December 3, 2019. https://about.bnef.com/blog/battery-pack-prices-fall-as-market-ramps-up-with-market-average-at-156-kwh-in-2019/.

Hirsch, Adam, Yael Parag, and Josep Guerrero. 2018. “Microgrids: A Review of Technologies, Key Drivers, and Outstanding Issues.” Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 90 (July): 402–11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.040.

“Honeywell Helps Deliver Resiliency and Cost Savings to Food and Drug Administration’s White Oak Campus.” 2021. Energy.Gov. October 5, 2021. https://www.energy.gov/eere/femp/honeywell-helps-deliver-resiliency-and-cost-savings-food-and-drug-administrations-white.

Hossain, Monzur, Naoyuki Yoshino, and Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary. 2021. “Default Risks, Moral Hazard and Market-Based Solution: Evidence from Renewable Energy Market in Bangladesh.” Economic Modelling 95 (February): 489–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.econmod.2020.03.015.

“How Microgrids Work.” 2014. Energy.Gov. June 17, 2014. https://www.energy.gov/articles/how-microgrids-work.

“Hurricane DORIAN.” 2021. National Hurricane Center and Central Pacific Hurricane Center. October 1, 2021. https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/archive/2019/al05/al052019.public_a.033.shtml?

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“IOM to Provide Temporary Roofing Solutions for Houses Affected by Hurricane Dorian in the Bahamas.” 2019. ReliefWeb. September 6, 2019. https://reliefweb.int/report/bahamas/iom-provide-temporary-roofing-solutions-houses-affected-hurricane-dorian-bahamas.

“Islands Impact Update.” 2021. RMI. October 1, 2021. https://rmi.org/our-work/islands-energy-program/islands-impact-update/.

Jacobson, Mark Z., Mark A. Delucchi, Mary A. Cameron, Stephen J. Coughlin, Catherine A. Hay, Indu Priya Manogaran, Yanbo Shu, and Anna-Katharina von Krauland. 2019. “Impacts of Green New Deal Energy Plans on Grid Stability, Costs, Jobs, Health, and Climate in 143 Countries.” One Earth 1 (4): 449–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2019.12.003.

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Kyriakarakos, George, and George Papadakis. 2019. “Multispecies Swarm Electrification for Rural Areas of the Developing World.” Applied Sciences 9 (September): 3992. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9193992.

Larson, Aaron. 2020. “Did You Know There Are 60,000 U.S. Citizens Who Lack Access to Electricity?” POWER Magazine, October 1, 2020. https://www.powermag.com/did-you-know-there-are-60000-u-s-citizens-who-lack-access-to-electricity/.

Lovekin, Dave, and Dylan Heerema. 2019. The True Cost of Energy in Remote Communities: Understanding Diesel Electricity Generation Terms and Economics. Canada: Pembina Institute. https://www.pembina.org/reports/diesel-cost-backgrounder-2019.pdf.

“Mafate Microgrid | Electrolyser Use Cases.” n.d. Enapter. https://www.enapter.com/use-cases/mafate.

Maize, Kennedy. 2017. “Microgrids: An Old Concept Could Be New Again.” POWER Magazine, August 1, 2017. https://www.powermag.com/microgrids-an-old-concept-could-be-new-again/.

Mathis, Will. 2020. “Inventor of Wind Turbine Is Trying to Harness Unlimited Power.” Bloomberg, June 5, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-06-05/floating-wind-farms-could-supply-the-world-s-electricity-by-2040.

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Industry

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Li Cain, Sarah. 2020. “Do Banks Trap You Into Overdraft Fees?” Consumerism Commentary. September 16, 2020. https://www.consumerismcommentary.com/do-banks-trap-you-into-overdraft-fees/.

Liedtke, Boris, and Peter Walburg. 2018. “When Fintech Goes Green.” INSEAD Knowledge. March 19, 2018. https://knowledge.insead.edu/blog/insead-blog/when-fintech-goes-green-8656.

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Healthcare industry

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Kaufer, Katrin, and Lillian Steponaitis. 2021. Just Money: Mission-Driven Banks and the Future of Finance. The MIT Press.

Kelly, Bruno. 2019. “Money to Burn: How Iconic Banks and Investors Fund Destruction of Rainforests.” Global Witness. September 23, 2019. https:///en/campaigns/forests/money-to-burn-how-iconic-banks-and-investors-fund-the-destruction-of-the-worlds-largest-rainforests/.

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Kishan, Saijel, Andre Tartar, and Dorothy Gambrell. 2020. “The Other Fossils in the Boardroom.” Bloomberg, June 3, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/features/2020-big-banks-fossil-fuels-boardroom/.

Krech, Rüdiger, Ilona Kickbusch, Christian Franz, and Nadya Wells. 2018. “Banking for Health: The Role of Financial Sector Actors in Investing in Global Health.” BMJ Global Health 3 (Suppl 1): e000597. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2017-000597.

Leber, Rebecca. n.d. “JPMorgan Secretly Emailed the Trump Administration about Bailing out the Oil Industry.” Mother Jones (blog). Accessed August 16, 2021. https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2021/04/jpmorgan-secretly-emailed-the-trump-administration-about-bailing-out-the-oil-industry/?ct=t(RSS_EMAIL_CAMPAIGN).

Li Cain, Sarah. 2020. “Do Banks Trap You Into Overdraft Fees?” Consumerism Commentary. September 16, 2020. https://www.consumerismcommentary.com/do-banks-trap-you-into-overdraft-fees/.

Liedtke, Boris, and Peter Walburg. 2018. “When Fintech Goes Green.” INSEAD Knowledge. March 19, 2018. https://knowledge.insead.edu/blog/insead-blog/when-fintech-goes-green-8656.

Liu, Feng, and Jeroen C. J. M. van den Bergh. 2020. “Differences in CO2 Emissions of Solar PV Production among Technologies and Regions: Application to China, EU and USA.” Energy Policy 138 (March): 111234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.111234.

Makower, Joel. 2020. “Introducing … GreenFin 21.” Greenbiz. November 30, 2020. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/introducing-greenfin-21.

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Marsh, Alastair. 2021. “Banks Produce 700 Times More Emissions From Loans Than Offices.” Bloomberg.Com, April 27, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-04-27/banks-produce-700-times-more-emissions-from-loans-than-offices.

McKibben, Bill. 2020a. “When ‘Creatives’ Turn Destructive: Image-Makers and the Climate Crisis.” The New Yorker. November 21, 2020. https://www.newyorker.com/news/daily-comment/when-creatives-turn-destructive-image-makers-and-the-climate-crisis.

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“Media Release: Fossil Fuel Lending by Australian Banks Tops AU$35bn.” 2020. Market Forces. July 7, 2020. https://www.marketforces.org.au/media-release-fossil-fuel-lending-by-australian-banks-tops-au35bn/.

Morton, Adam. 2020a. “Joint Venture Looks to Invest Billions in ‘natural Capital’ Projects to Help Combat Climate Change.” The Guardian, August 26, 2020, sec. Australia news. http://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2020/aug/27/joint-venture-looks-to-invest-billions-in-natural-capital-projects-to-help-combat-climate-change.

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Mukpo, Ashoka. 2020. “BlackRock, Other Asset Managers Enabling Deforestation, Says Friends of the Earth.” Mongabay Environmental News. September 16, 2020. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/09/blackrock-other-asset-managers-enabling-deforestation-says-friends-of-the-earth/.

Nassiry, Darius. 2018. “The Role of Fintech in Unlocking Green Finance: Policy Insights for Developing Countries.” Working Paper ADBI Working Paper No. 883. Asian Development Bank Institute. https://www.econstor.eu/handle/10419/190304.

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Paulsson, Lars. 2021. “Carbon Frenzy Gripping Investors Has Nordic Banks Cashing In.” Bloomberg.Com, March 21, 2021. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-03-21/carbon-frenzy-gripping-investors-has-nordic-banks-cashing-in.

Peters, Adele. 2019. “This Office Was Built with 165,312 Screws so It Can Be Disassembled and Reused.” Fast Company, November 25, 2019. https://www.fastcompany.com/90434358/this-office-was-built-with-165312-screws-so-it-can-be-disassembled-and-reused.

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Reuters. 2020a. “Banks and Insurers Shun Canada’s Oil Sands | BOE Report.” October 14, 2020. https://boereport.com/2020/10/14/banks-and-insurers-shun-canadas-oil-sands/.

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Ribbing, Per. 2018. “On the Analogy Between the Electric Grid and Our Banking System: Investigating.” International Journal of Earth & Environmental Sciences 2018 (August). https://doi.org/10.15344/2456-351X/2018/154.

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Schmidt, Jake. 2013. “World Bank to Stop Funding Coal Projects.” NRDC (blog). July 18, 2013. https://www.nrdc.org/experts/jake-schmidt/world-bank-stop-funding-coal-projects.

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Sheppard, David. 2020. “Carbon Trading: The ‘One-Way’ Bet for Hedge Funds.” Financial Times, August 23, 2020. https://www.ft.com/content/a5ff89ec-323c-4fb8-85a1-9d0225ae3cdb.

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Shuman, Michael H. 2020. Put Your Money Where Your Life Is: How to Invest Locally Using Self-Directed IRAs and Solo 401(k)s. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

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Stoller, Kristin. 2020. “Meet Billionaire Politician Tom Steyer’s Wife, A Pioneering Impact Investor On A Mission To Spend $1 Billion Righting Society’s Wrongs.” Forbes, October 9, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/kristinstoller/2020/10/09/meet-billionaire-politician-tom-steyers-wife-a-pioneering-impact-investor-on-a-mission-to-spend-1-billion-righting-societys-wrongs/.

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The Economist. 2008. “What Lies beneath: Is There Really an Ocean of Oil off Brazil?,” April 16, 2008. https://www.economist.com/business/2008/04/16/what-lies-beneath.

“The Global Fintech Index 2020.” 2019. Findexable. https://findexable.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/12/Findexable_Global-Fintech-Rankings-2020exSFA.pdf.

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Vetter, David. 2020. “Just How Good An Investment Is Renewable Energy? New Study Reveals All.” Forbes, May 28, 2020. https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidrvetter/2020/05/28/just-how-good-an-investment-is-renewable-energy-new-study-reveals-all/.

Walmsley, Timothy G., Michael R. W. Walmsley, and Martin J. Atkins. 2017. “Energy Return on Energy and Carbon Investment of Wind Energy Farms: A Case Study of New Zealand.” Journal of Cleaner Production 167 (November): 885–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.040.

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Whitney, Angela, Tamara Grbusic, Julia Meisel, and Paul Bodnar. 2020. “State of Green Banks 2020.” Green Bank Design Platform.

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“With $65M, Tala Goes Global: Q&A With Shivani Siroya and Female Founders Fund.” 2019. Tala (blog). April 29, 2019. https://tala.co/blog/2019/04/29/with-65m-tala-goes-global-qa-with-shivani-siroya-and-female-founders-fund/.

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Ziady, Hanna. 2020. “The Global Economic Bailout Is Running at $19.5 Trillion. It Will Go Higher.” CNN. November 17, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/11/17/economy/global-economy-coronavirus-bailout-imf-annual-report/index.html.

War Industry

“A Generation of Birth Defects in Fallujah: Fifteen Years after the Bombing of Phosphorus.” 2019. Al Menasa. May 2, 2019. https://www.al-menasa.net/en/2019/05/02/a-generation-of-birth-defects-in-fallujah-fifteen-years-after-the-bombing-of-phosphorus/.

“A Mutal Extortion Racket: How the American Defence Industry Helps Ensure Arms Exports Are Priortised over Foreign US Policy Outcomes.” 2019. Transparency International Defence & Security (blog). December 20, 2019. https://ti-defence.org/us-defense-industry-arms-exports-mena-lobbying-offsets-campaign-finance/.

Ackerman, Elliot. 2020. “Opinion | Can We Escape the Political-Industrial Complex?” The New York Times, September 18, 2020, sec. Opinion. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/18/opinion/politics-2020-media-election.html.

Air Force Magazine. 2019. “Massive $34 Billion F-35 Contract Includes Price Drop as Readiness Improves,” October 29, 2019. https://www.airforcemag.com/massive-34-billion-f-35-contract-includes-price-drop-as-readiness-improves/.

Almukhtar, Sarah, and Rod Nordland. 2019. “What Did the U.S. Get for $2 Trillion in Afghanistan?” The New York Times, December 9, 2019, sec. World. https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/12/09/world/middleeast/afghanistan-war-cost.html, https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2019/12/09/world/middleeast/afghanistan-war-cost.html.

Anders, Birthe, and Vincenzo Bollettino. 2018. “Military Mission in Puerto Rico after Hurricane Was Better than Critics Say but Suffered Flaws.” The Conversation. March 30, 2018. http://theconversation.com/military-mission-in-puerto-rico-after-hurricane-was-better-than-critics-say-but-suffered-flaws-91558.

Ankel, Sophia. 2019. “These Are the 31 Countries That Don’t Have a Military.” Business Insider. October 11, 2019. https://www.businessinsider.com/these-are-the-31-countries-that-dont-have-armed-forces-2019-10.

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Artiga-Valencia, Robert. 2019. “The U.S. Spends More on Its Military Than 144 Countries Combined.” National Priorities Project. July 18, 2019. https://www.nationalpriorities.org/blog/2019/07/18/us-spends-more-its-military-176-countries-combined/.

Asseburg, Muriel. 2020. “Reconstruction in Syria: Challenges and Policy Options for the EU and Its Member States.” Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik Research Paper, July. https://doi.org/10.18449/2020RP11.

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TFL. 2021. “Nearly 50% of Companies’ Sustainability Claims Are ‘Exaggerated, False, or Deceptive,’ According to New Probe.” The Fashion Law (blog). February 2, 2021. https://www.thefashionlaw.com/nearly-50-percent-of-companies-sustainability-marketing-claims-are-exaggerated-false-or-deceptive-per-new-probe/.

“The Best Vintage From Stores Across the US.” n.d. Thrilling. Accessed August 22, 2021. https://shopthrilling.com/.

“The Economic Impact of the Fashion Industry - Reports.” 2019. United States Joint Economic Committee. February 22, 2019. https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/democrats/2019/2/the-economic-impact-of-the-fashion-industry.

“The Spinning Jenny: A Woolen Revolution.” n.d. Faribault Mill (blog). Accessed August 13, 2021. https://www.faribaultmill.com/pages/spinning-jenny.

“The True Cost.” n.d. The True Cost. Accessed October 15, 2021. https://truecostmovie.com/.

Thomas, Dana. 2019a. “The High Price of Fast Fashion.” Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2019, sec. Life. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-high-price-of-fast-fashion-11567096637.

———. 2019b. “The High Price of Fast Fashion.” Wall Street Journal, August 29, 2019, sec. Life. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-high-price-of-fast-fashion-11567096637.

“Three-Month Report 2018.” 2018. H&M. https://about.hm.com/content/dam/hmgroup/groupsite/documents/en/cision/2018/03/2145888_en.pdf.

“Transparency Pledge.” n.d. Transparency Pledge. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://transparencypledge.org/.

Trentmann, Frank. 2016. Empire of Things: How We Became a World of Consumers, from the Fifteenth Century to the Twenty-First. New York London Toronto: Harper Perennial.

“Urban Style. Sustainable Materials. Responsible Production.” n.d. RAFFAUF. Accessed September 7, 2021. https://www.raffauf.de/homepage.

“USDA/NASS QuickStats Ad-Hoc Query Tool.” n.d. USDA. Accessed October 7, 2021. https://quickstats.nass.usda.gov/results/8082ABB0-FE06-3026-9860-5AB64C857594.

Vogue Business Team. 2020. “Fashion’s Circular Economy Could Be Worth $5 Trillion.” Vogue Business. November 30, 2020. https://www.voguebusiness.com/sustainability/fashions-circular-economy-could-be-worth-5-trillion.

“Volume and Consumption: How Much Does The World Buy?” n.d. Common Objective. Accessed August 13, 2021. http://www.commonobjective.co/article/volume-and-consumption-how-much-does-the-world-buy.

Walker, Harriet. 2020. “Renting Clothes: Why the Fashion Set Have Stopped Buying Their Outfits,” August 25, 2020, sec. times2. https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/renting-clothes-why-the-fashion-set-have-stopped-buying-their-outfits-tw56z75hf.

“Water Frame in Textiles.” n.d. History Mesh. Accessed August 13, 2021. http://historymesh.com/object/water-frame/?story=textiles.

Webb, Bella. 2021. “The Single-Use Plastic Overhaul Is Coming for Fashion.” Vogue Business. February 18, 2021. https://www.voguebusiness.com/sustainability/the-single-use-plastic-overhaul-is-coming-for-fashion.

Webb, Grahame J. W. 2002. “Conservation and Sustainable Use of Wildlife - an Evolving Concept.” Pacific Conservation Biology 8 (1): 12–26. https://doi.org/10.1071/pc020012.

Webber, Kathleen. 2017. “How Fast Fashion Is Killing Rivers Worldwide.” EcoWatch. March 22, 2017. https://www.ecowatch.com/fast-fashion-riverblue-2318389169.html.

Weinswig, Deborah. 2017. “Fast Fashion Speeding Towards Ultrafast Fashion.” Fung Global Retail & Technology. https://coresight.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/Fast-Fashion-Speeding-Toward-Ultrafast-Fashion-May-19_2017.pdf.

“We-Love - Sustainability Rating - Good On You.” n.d. Accessed August 22, 2021. https://directory.goodonyou.eco/brand/we-love.

Wheeler, Caroline, Amardeep Bassey, and Vidhathri Matety. 2020. “Boohoo: Fashion Giant Faces ‘Slavery’ Investigation,” July 5, 2020, sec. news. https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/boohoo-fashion-giant-faces-slavery-investigation-57s3hxcth.

Wicker, Alden. 2020. “Fashion’s Impact on the Environment Is Actually a Mystery.” Vox. January 27, 2020. https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2020/1/27/21080107/fashion-environment-facts-statistics-impact.

———. 2021. “Why Fashion Isn’t the Second Most Polluting Industry After Oil.” Ecocult (blog). April 1, 2021. https://ecocult.com/now-know-fashion-5th-polluting-industry-equal-livestock/.

Wicker, Alden, and Nancy Lebrun. n.d. “The Human Cost of Recycled Cotton.” Accessed August 22, 2021. https://craftsmanship.net/podcast/the-human-cost-of-recycled-cotton/.

“Working Conditions in the Industrial Revolution.” n.d. History Crunch. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://www.historycrunch.com/working-conditions-in-the-industrial-revolution.html.

“Working Hours and Overtime: 96-Hour Workweeks.” n.d. Page. Clean Clothes Campaign. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://cleanclothes.org/issues/working-hours.

“World Fair Trade Organization.” n.d. World Fair Trade Organization. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://wfto.com/.

“Worn Wear - Used Patagonia Clothing & Gear.” n.d. Patagonia. Accessed August 13, 2021. https://wornwear.patagonia.com.

Plastic Industry

Abejón, R., A. Bala, I. Vázquez-Rowe, R. Aldaco, and P. Fullana-i-Palmer. 2020. “When Plastic Packaging Should Be Preferred: Life Cycle Analysis of Packages for Fruit and Vegetable Distribution in the Spanish Peninsular Market.” Resources, Conservation and Recycling 155 (April). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.104666.

“Accueil - Eau de Paris.” n.d. Eau de Paris. Accessed September 25, 2021. http://www.eaudeparis.fr/.

Ahamed, Ashiq, Pramodh Vallam, Nikhil Shiva Iyer, Andrei Veksha, Johan Bobacka, and Grzegorz Lisak. 2021. “Life Cycle Assessment of Plastic Grocery Bags and Their Alternatives in Cities with Confined Waste Management Structure: A Singapore Case Study.” Journal of Cleaner Production 278 (January): 123956. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123956.

Alberts, Elizabeth Claire. 2021. “Marine Microplastics Are Now Invading the Atmosphere, Study Finds.” Mongabay Environmental News. April 27, 2021. https://news.mongabay.com/2021/04/marine-microplastics-are-now-invading-the-atmosphere-study-finds/.

Ambrose, Jillian. 2020. “The End of Plastic? New Plant-Based Bottles Will Degrade in a Year.” The Guardian. May 16, 2020. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/may/16/the-end-of-plastic-new-plant-based-bottles-will-degrade-in-a-year.

“Are We Drowning in Plastic?” 2019. UN DESA. October 4, 2019. https://www.un.org/development/desa/en/news/policy/drowning-in-plastic.html.

Aronoff, Kate. 2020. “Big Oil’s Evil, Stupid Plan to Drown the World in Plastic.” The New Republic, September 4, 2020. https://newrepublic.com/article/159225/big-oils-evil-stupid-plan-drown-world-plastic.

Augustin, Johan. 2020. “In Race for a Sustainable Alternative to Plastic, Indonesia Bets on Seaweed.” Mongabay Environmental News. Hayat, March 25, 2020. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/03/in-race-for-a-sustainable-alternative-to-plastic-indonesia-bets-on-seaweed/.

Backman, Isabella. 2020. “Clean up Efforts Won’t Solve the Plastic Pollution Crisis in the World’s Seas.” Mongabay Environmental News. November 25, 2020. https://news.mongabay.com/2020/11/clean-up-efforts-wont-solve-the-plastic-pollution-crisis-in-the-worlds-seas/.

Ball, Cara. 2019. “Jaden Smith Is Helping Fix the Flint Water Crisis with His Company’s Mobile Lead Filtration System.” WCPO, March 3, 2019. https://www.wcpo.com/entertainment/jaden-smith-is-helping-fix-the-flint-water-crisis-with-his-companys-mobile-lead-filtration-system.

Berg, Peter, Anna Granskog, Daniel Nordigarden, and Suku Ponkshe. 2020. “The Drive toward Sustainable Packaging.” McKinsey. January 30, 2020. https://www.mckinsey.com/industries/paper-forest-products-and-packaging/our-insights/the-drive-toward-sustainability-in-packaging-beyond-the-quick-wins?cid=other-eml-alt-mip-mck&hlkid=6182c5167c474e84b918e569475acb95&hctky=12063150&hdpid=8880a792-d333-43e0-8e9c-aa2829e60563.

Betz, Eric. 2020. “Many BPA-Free Plastics Are Toxic. Some Are Worse Than BPA.” Discover Magazine. June 25, 2020. https://www.discovermagazine.com/health/many-bpa-free-plastics-are-toxic-some-are-worse-than-bpa.

“Beyond Plastics - Working To End Single-Use Plastic Pollution.” n.d. Beyond Plastics - Working To End Single-Use Plastic Pollution. Accessed September 2, 2021. https://www.beyondplastics.org.

Bienkowski, Brian. 2019. “From Making It to Managing It, Plastic Is a Major Contributor to Climate Change.” The Daily Climate. May 15, 2019. https://www.dailyclimate.org/plastic-causes-climate-change-2637170596.html.

———. 2021. “LISTEN: A Conversation about Infertility with Shanna Swan.” EHN. February 23, 2021. https://www.ehn.org/conversation-with-shanna-swan-2650601444.html.

Bilbrey, Jenna. 2014. “BPA-Free Plastic Containers May Be Just as Hazardous.” Scientific American, August 11, 2014. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bpa-free-plastic-containers-may-be-just-as-hazardous/.

“Bioplastics Market Data 2019.” 2020. Berlin, Germany: European Bioplastics. https://docs.european-bioplastics.org/publications/market_data/Report_Bioplastics_Market_Data_2019.pdf.

Bischof, Heidi. 2018. “Zero Waste and Plastic-Free Living — Top 7 TED Talks.” Medium (blog). August 17, 2018. https://heidi-bischof.medium.com/zero-waste-and-plastic-free-living-top-7-ted-talks-9b64ac3b4493.

Blank, Thomas Koch, and LeeAnn Baronett. 2019. “The Next Industrial Revolution: Rocky Mountain Institute’s Quest to Decarbonize Industry.” Rocky Mountain Institute. https://rmi.org/insight/the-next-industrial-revolution/.

Bouliane, Nicolas. 2021. “The Pfand System: How to Return Bottles in Germany.” All About Berlin. February 25, 2021. https://allaboutberlin.com/guides/pfand-bottles.

Bracken, Phoebe. 2021. “100+ Best Zero Waste Stores in UK.” Pebble Magazine. August 11, 2021. https://pebblemag.com/magazine/doing/plastic-free-shopping-13-of-the-uks-best-zero-waste-stores.

Break Free From Plastic. 2019. “Branded Vol 11. Indentifying the World’s Top Corporate Plastic Polluters.” Greenpeace Philippines. https://www.breakfreefromplastic.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/branded-2019.pdf.

“Breaking the Plastic Wave: A Comprehesive Assessment of Pathways Towards Stopping Ocean Plastic Pollution.” 2020. The Pew Charitable Trusts & SYSTEMIQ. https://www.pewtrusts.org/-/media/assets/2020/10/breakingtheplasticwave_mainreport.pdf.

Brizga, Janis, Klaus Hubacek, and Kuishuang Feng. 2020. “The Unintended Side Effects of Bioplastics: Carbon, Land, and Water Footprints.” One Earth 3 (1): 45–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.oneear.2020.06.016.

Bult, Laura. 2021. “Why 99% of Ocean Plastic Pollution Is ‘Missing.’” Vox. April 27, 2021. https://www.vox.com/videos/22406194/plastic-pollution-in-the-ocean-99-percent-missing.

Carrington, Damian. 2020. “New Super-Enzyme Eats Plastic Bottles Six Times Faster.” The Guardian, September 28, 2020, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/sep/28/new-super-enzyme-eats-plastic-bottles-six-times-faster.

Catarino, Ana I., Valeria Macchia, William G. Sanderson, Richard C. Thompson, and Theodore B. Henry. 2018. “Low Levels of Microplastics (MP) in Wild Mussels Indicate That MP Ingestion by Humans Is Minimal Compared to Exposure via Household Fibres Fallout during a Meal.” Environmental Pollution 237 (June): 675–84. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.069.

Chalmin, Philippe. 2019. “The History of Plastics: From the Capitol to the Tarpeian Rock.” Field Actions Science Reports. The Journal of Field Actions, no. Special Issue 19 (March): 6–11.

Chamas, Ali, Hyunjin Moon, Jiajia Zheng, Yang Qiu, Tarnuma Tabassum, Jun Hee Jang, Mahdi Abu-Omar, Susannah L. Scott, and Sangwon Suh. 2020. “Degradation Rates of Plastics in the Environment.” ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering 8 (9): 3494–3511. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b06635.

Chastain, Stephen. 2019. “Teaming Up to Get to the Bottom of Microfiber Pollution.” Patagonia. February 1, 2019. https://eu.patagonia.com/gb/en/stories/teaming-up-to-get-to-the-bottom-of-microfiber-pollution/story-71999.html.

Clanc. n.d. “Coca-Cola on Board with Emphasizing Human Impact.” Greenbiz. Accessed September 2, 2021. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/coca-cola-board-emphasizing-human-impact.

Corbyn, Zoë. 2021. “Shanna Swan: ‘Most Couples May Have to Use Assisted Reproduction by 2045.’” The Guardian, March 28, 2021, sec. Society. http://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/mar/28/shanna-swan-fertility-reproduction-count-down.

Cressey, Daniel. 2010. “Bisphenol A Goes through the Skin.” Nature, November. https://doi.org/10.1038/news.2010.581.

Curtin, Ashley. 2020. “Coca-Cola Leading Plastic Polluter Worldwide for Second Year in a Row.” Nation of Change, September 5, 2020. https://www.nationofchange.org/2020/09/05/coca-cola-leading-plastic-polluter-worldwide-for-second-year-in-a-row/.

Dalberg Advisors, Wijnand de Wit, and Nathan Bigaud. 2019. “No Plastic in Nature: Assessing Plastic Ingestion from Nature to People.” Gland, Switzerland: WWF. https://awsassets.panda.org/downloads/plastic_ingestion_press_singles.pdf.

De Clercq, Geert. 2014. “Paris’s Return to Public Water Supplies Makes Waves beyond France.” Reuters, July 8, 2014, sec. Industry, Materials and Utilities. https://www.reuters.com/article/water-utilities-paris-idUSL6N0PE57220140708.

Dembicki, Geoff. 2020. “Exxon’s Massive Offshore Oil Project Is a ‘Carbon Bomb’: Environmental Group.” VICE, 2020. https://www.vice.com/en/article/qj4a97/exxon-oil-guyana-climate-change.

Dettore, Christopher G. 2009. “Comparative Life-Cycle Assessment of Bottled vs. Tap Water Systems.” CSS09-11. University of Michigan Center for Sustainable Systems. https://sites.lafayette.edu/raicha/files/2011/01/bottled-water-vs-tap-water-lca.pdf.

Doan, Lynn. 2019. “NASA Flew Gas Detectors Above California, Found ‘Super Emitters’ - Bloomberg.” November 6, 2019. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-11-06/nasa-flew-gas-detectors-above-california-found-super-emitters.

“Eastman Kodak Pictures Recycling Plastic Forever.” n.d. Sustainability Alliance. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://www.sustainabilityallianceaz.org/blog/4mde6rkchgji86aduu5tnzvzkq38an.

Edwards, Chris, and Jonna Fry. 2011. “Life Cycle Assessment of Supermarket Carrier Bags: A Review of the Bags Available in 2006.” SC030148. Environment Agency. https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/291023/scho0711buan-e-e.pdf.

EHN Staff. 2020. “Scientists Say Current Federal Testing for the Chemical ‘Dramatically’ Underestimates Our Exposure.” EHN. March 19, 2020. https://www.ehn.org/reduce-bpa-exposure-2645525117.html.

Ehrlich, Paul R. 2020. “Paul R. Ehrlich: A Pandemic, Planetary Reckoning, and a Path Forward.” EHN. March 20, 2020. https://www.ehn.org/pandemic-population-covid-19-2645518249/climate-change-and-biodiversity?rebelltitem=1.

Elhacham, Emily, Liad Ben-Uri, Jonathan Grozovski, Yinon M. Bar-On, and Ron Milo. 2020. “Global Human-Made Mass Exceeds All Living Biomass.” Nature 588 (7838): 442–44. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-3010-5.

“Environmental Policy Often Has Undesirable Side Effects.” 2020. Universität Bonn. March 19, 2020. https://www.uni-bonn.de/en/news/070-2020.

Fawcett-Atkinson, Marc. 2021. “Canada Declares Plastics Toxic, Paving the Way for Restrictions.” Mother Jones. May 14, 2021. https://www.motherjones.com/environment/2021/05/canada-declares-plastics-toxic-ban-restrictions/.

Feraldi, Rebe, Beverly Sauer, Janet Mosley, and Shelly Schneider. 2014. “Impacts of Plastics Packaging on Life Cycle Energy Consumption & Greenhouse Gas Emissions in the United States and Canada: Substitution Analysis.” Franklin Associates. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297266468_Impacts_of_Plastics_Packaging_on_Life_Cycle_Energy_Consumption_Greenhouse_Gas_Emissions_in_the_United_States_and_Canada_Substitution_Analysis.

Fernández, Stacy. 2019. “Plastic Company Set to Pay $50 Million Settlement in Water Pollution Suit Brought on by Texas Residents.” The Texas Tribune, October 15, 2019. https://www.texastribune.org/2019/10/15/formosa-plastics-pay-50-million-texas-clean-water-act-lawsuit/.

Freytas-Tamura, Kimiko de. 2017. “In Kenya, Selling or Importing Plastic Bags Will Cost You $19,000 — or Jail.” The New York Times, August 28, 2017, sec. World. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/08/28/world/africa/kenya-plastic-bags-ban.html.

Gammon, Katharine. 2020. “Groundbreaking Study Finds 13.3 Quadrillion Plastic Fibers in California’s Environment.” The Guardian, October 16, 2020, sec. US news. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/oct/16/plastic-waste-microfibers-california-study.

Geyer, Roland, Jenna R. Jambeck, and Kara Lavender Law. 2017. “Production, Use, and Fate of All Plastics Ever Made.” Science Advances 3 (7): e1700782. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700782.

Goldsberry, Clare. 2021. “Federal Judge Dismisses Challenge to Formosa Plastics’ $9.4-Billion Louisiana Complex.” Plastics Today. January 11, 2021. https://www.plasticstoday.com/legislation-regulations/federal-judge-dismisses-challenge-formosa-plastics-94-billion-louisiana.

Graham, Readfearn. 2021. “Queensland Passes Laws Banning ‘killer’ Single-Use Plastics.” The Guardian, March 11, 2021, sec. Australia news. http://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2021/mar/11/queensland-passes-laws-banning-killer-single-use-plastics.

Green, Matthew. 2021. “Bank Lending to Plastics Industry Faces Scrutiny as Pollution Concerns Mount.” Reuters, January 7, 2021, sec. ESG Environment. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-environment-plastic-banks-idUSKBN29C002.

GreenMantra. 2018. “GreenMantra - Made by Destruction on Plastics Upcycling.” ArcTern Ventures. February 15, 2018. https://www.arcternventures.com/greenmantra-made-by-destruction-on-plastics-upcycling/.

Gregory, Murray R. 2009. “Environmental Implications of Plastic Debris in Marine Settings—Entanglement, Ingestion, Smothering, Hangers-on, Hitch-Hiking and Alien Invasions.” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 364 (1526): 2013–25. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0265.

Gupta, Arvind. 2019. “The $100 Trillion Opportunity.” IndieBio (blog). January 23, 2019. https://medium.com/indiebio-sf/the-100-trillion-opportunity-3d827f18c56a.

Hamilton, Lisa Anne, Steven Feit, Matt Kelso, Samantha Malone Rubright, Courtney Bernhardt, Eric Schaeffer, Doun Moon, Jeffrey Morris, and Rachel Labbé-Bellas. 2019. “Plastic & Climate: The Hidden Costs of a Plastic Planet.” Center for International Environmental Law. http://www.ciel.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/Plastic-and-Climate-FINAL-2019.pdf.

Hayhurst, Claire. 2020. “Lego Bricks in the Ocean Could Take 1,300 Years to Degrade.” The Independent. March 16, 2020. https://www.independent.co.uk/climate-change/news/lego-ocean-plastic-pollution-degrade-a9404111.html.

“How Fracking Supports the Plastic Industry.” 2017, February. https://foodandwaterwatch.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/ib_1702_fracking-plastic-web.pdf.

Howard, Emma. 2020. “Oil-Backed Trade Group Is Lobbying the Trump Administration to Push Plastics across Africa.” Unearthed. August 30, 2020. https://unearthed.greenpeace.org/2020/08/30/plastic-waste-africa-oil-kenya-us-trade-deal-trump/.

“Is Plastic a Threat to Your Health?” 2019. Harvard Health. December 1, 2019. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/is-plastic-a-threat-to-your-health.

Jäger, Joana Kleine, and Willemijn Peeter. 2020. “Reusable Packaging Provides Untapped Payoffs for Business.” Greenbiz. August 13, 2020. https://www.greenbiz.com/article/reusable-packaging-provides-untapped-payoffs-business.

Joyce, Christopher. 2019. “Plastic Has A Big Carbon Footprint — But That Isn’t The Whole Story.” NPR, July 9, 2019. https://www.npr.org/2019/07/09/735848489/plastic-has-a-big-carbon-footprint-but-that-isnt-the-whole-story.

Jozuka, Emiko. 2020. “Inside Japan’s Plastic Wrapping Obsession.” CNN, August 3, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/07/29/asia/japan-plastic-obsession-dst-hnk-intl/index.html.

“JUST Water | 100% Natural Spring Water in a Plant-Based Carton.” n.d. JUST WATER. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://justwater.com/.

Kahn, Brian. n.d. “The Beginning of the End of the Plastic Era Is Here.” Gizmodo. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://gizmodo.com/the-beginning-of-the-end-of-the-plastic-era-is-here-1844948163.

Kane, Ian A., Michael A. Clare, Elda Miramontes, Roy Wogelius, James J. Rothwell, Pierre Garreau, and Florian Pohl. 2020. “Seafloor Microplastic Hotspots Controlled by Deep-Sea Circulation.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 368 (6495): 1140–45. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aba5899.

Koskela, Sirkka, Helena Dahlbo, Jáchym Judl, Marja-Riitta Korhonen, and Mervi Niininen. 2014. “Reusable Plastic Crate or Recyclable Cardboard Box? A Comparison of Two Delivery Systems.” Journal of Cleaner Production 69 (April): 83–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.01.045.

Laist, David W. 1997. “Impacts of Marine Debris: Entanglement of Marine Life in Marine Debris Including a Comprehensive List of Species with Entanglement and Ingestion Records.” In Marine Debris: Sources, Impacts, and Solutions, edited by James M. Coe and Donald B. Rogers, 99–139. Springer Series on Environmental Management. New York, NY: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8486-1_10.

Laville, Sandra. 2020a. “Report Reveals ‘Massive Plastic Pollution Footprint’ of Drinks Firms.” The Guardian, March 30, 2020, sec. Environment. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/mar/31/report-reveals-massive-plastic-pollution-footprint-of-drinks-firms.

———. 2020b. “Increase in Burning of Plastic ‘Driving up Emissions from Waste Disposal.’” The Guardian, November 16, 2020, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/nov/16/increase-in-burning-of-plastic-driving-up-emissions-from-waste-disposal.

Laville, Sandra, and Matthew Taylor. 2017. “A Million Bottles a Minute: World’s Plastic Binge ‘as Dangerous as Climate Change.’” The Guardian, June 28, 2017. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2017/jun/28/a-million-a-minute-worlds-plastic-bottle-binge-as-dangerous-as-climate-change.

Lerner, Sharon. 2020. “Africa’s Exploding Plastic Nightmare: As Africa Drowns in Garbage, the Plastics Business Keeps Booming.” The Intercept, April 19, 2020. https://theintercept.com/2020/04/19/africa-plastic-waste-kenya-ethiopia/.

Lim, XiaoZhi. 2021. “Microplastics Are Everywhere - but Are They Harmful?” Nature 593 (May): 4.

McGlade, Jacqueline, and Philip Landrigan. 2021. “Why Ocean Pollution Is a Clear Danger to Human Health.” Phys Org. February 2021. https://phys.org/news/2021-02-ocean-pollution-danger-human-health.html.

McVeigh, Karen. 2020a. “Microplastics Discovered Blowing Ashore in Sea Breezes.” The Guardian, May 12, 2020, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/may/12/microplastics-discovered-blowing-ashore-in-sea-breezes.

———. 2020b. “Microplastics Discovered Blowing Ashore in Sea Breezes.” The Guardian, May 12, 2020, sec. Environment. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/may/12/microplastics-discovered-blowing-ashore-in-sea-breezes.

———. 2020c. “Global Treaty to Tackle Plastic Pollution Gains Steam without US and UK.” The Guardian, November 16, 2020, sec. Environment. http://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/nov/16/us-and-uk-yet-to-show-support-for-global-treaty-to-tackle-plastic-pollution.

Mergen, Ono. 2021. “I’m an Environmental Scientist and I Don’t Care If You Recycle.” Curious (blog). March 14, 2021. https://medium.com/curious/im-an-environmental-scientist-and-i-don-t-care-if-you-recycle-ffe25e215a86.

Morlet, Andrew, Rob Opsomer, Sven Herrmann, Laura Balmond, Camille Gillet, and Lukas Fuchs. 2017. “A New Textiles Economy: Redesigning Fashion’s Future.” Ellen MacArthur Foundation, Circular Fibres Initiative. https://www.ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/assets/downloads/publications/A-New-Textiles-Economy_Full-Report_Updated_1-12-17.pdf.

Mosendz, Polly. 2020. “This Plastic Mega-Factory Is a $10 Billion Bet on a Single-Use Future.” Bloomberg, June 8, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2020-06-08/formosa-plastics-new-factory-is-a-big-bet-on-a-single-use-future.

Nace, Trevor. 2017. “We’re Now At A Million Plastic Bottles Per Minute - 91% Of Which Are Not Recycled.” Forbes. July 26, 2017. https://www.forbes.com/sites/trevornace/2017/07/26/million-plastic-bottles-minute-91-not-recycled/.

Napper, Imogen E., and Richard C. Thompson. 2016. “Release of Synthetic Microplastic Plastic Fibres from Domestic Washing Machines: Effects of Fabric Type and Washing Conditions.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 112 (1): 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.09.025.

NOAA Marine Debris Program. 2015. “2015 NOAA Marine Debris Program Report: Impact of ‘Ghost Fishing’ via Derelict Fishing Gear.” Silver Spring, MD. https://marinedebris.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/publications-files/Ghostfishing_DFG.pdf.

Oliveri Conti, Gea, Margherita Ferrante, Mohamed Banni, Claudia Favara, Ilenia Nicolosi, Antonio Cristaldi, Maria Fiore, and Pietro Zuccarello. 2020. “Micro- and Nano-Plastics in Edible Fruit and Vegetables. The First Diet Risks Assessment for the General Population.” Environmental Research 187 (August): 109677. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2020.109677.

Paben, Jared. 2021. “Eastman Offers Details on $250M Depolymerization Plant.” Plastics Recycling Update. February 3, 2021. https://resource-recycling.com/plastics/2021/02/03/eastman-offers-details-on-250m-depolymerization-plant/.

Penney, Veronica, and Miranda Green. 2020. “Another Reason to Cut Down on Plastics.” The New York Times, July 1, 2020, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/07/01/climate/nyt-climate-newsletter-masks.html.

Petersen, Kate S. 2020. “A Threat from above: Plastic Rains down on US National Parks and Wilderness Areas.” Ehnorg. June 12, 2020. https://www.ehn.org/plastic-pollution-in-national-parks-2646169327.html.

“Plastic Bags Fact Sheet.” 2014. Earth Policy Institute. October 16, 2014. http://www.earth-policy.org/press_room/C68/plastic_bags_fact_sheet.

“Plastic Waste Makers Index - Executive Summary.” 2021. No Plastic Waste. May 18, 2021. https://www.minderoo.org/plastic-waste-makers-index/findings/executive-summary/.

“Plastics: Material-Specific Data.” 2017. Collections and Lists. EPA. September 12, 2017. https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/plastics-material-specific-data.

“Plastics Pose Threat to Human Health.” 2020. Endocrine Society. December 15, 2020. https://www.endocrine.org/news-and-advocacy/news-room/2020/plastics-pose-threat-to-human-health.

Prata, Joana Correia, João P. da Costa, Isabel Lopes, Armando C. Duarte, and Teresa Rocha-Santos. 2020. “Environmental Exposure to Microplastics: An Overview on Possible Human Health Effects.” Science of The Total Environment 702 (February). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134455.

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Ragusa, Antonio, Alessandro Svelato, Criselda Santacroce, Piera Catalano, Valentina Notarstefano, Oliana Carnevali, Fabrizio Papa, et al. 2021. “Plasticenta: First Evidence of Microplastics in Human Placenta.” Environment International 146 (January): 106274. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.106274.

Ratcliffe, Verity, Anthony Di Paola, and Matthew Martin. 2020. “Aramco Shelves $20 Billion Petrochemical Plan After Oil’s Crash.” Bloomberg.Com, September 2, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-09-02/aramco-delays-multi-billion-dollar-lng-petrochemicals-projects.

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Richards, Sarah Elizabeth. 2020. “To Study a Problem That’s Everywhere, They’re Getting Creative.” The New York Times, April 6, 2020, sec. Science. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/science/microfibers-plastics-ocean-biology.html.

Ritchie, Hannah, and Max Roser. 2018. “Plastic Pollution.” Our World in Data, September. https://ourworldindata.org/plastic-pollution.

Rizzuto, Pat. 2021. “Industries Urged to Weigh in on Global Plastics Restrictions.” Bloomberg Law. April 2, 2021. https://news.bloomberglaw.com/environment-and-energy/industries-urged-to-weigh-in-on-global-plastics-restrictions.

Robbins, Jim. 2020. “Why Bioplastics Will Not Solve the World’s Plastics Problem.” Yale E360. August 31, 2020. https://e360.yale.edu/features/why-bioplastics-will-not-solve-the-worlds-plastics-problem.

Royer, Sarah-Jeanne. n.d. Plastic Wastes Contribute to the Greenhouse Effect. TEDxClermont. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://www.ted.com/talks/sarah_jeanne_royer_plastic_wastes_contribute_to_the_greenhouse_effect.

Senathirajah, Kala, Simon Attwood, Geetika Bhagwat, Maddison Carbery, Scott Wilson, and Thava Palanisami. 2021. “Estimation of the Mass of Microplastics Ingested - A Pivotal First Step towards Human Health Risk Assessment.” Journal of Hazardous Materials 404 (Pt B): 124004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124004.

Sherman, Lilli Manolis. 2021. “Eastman to Build World-Scale Plastic-to-Plastic Molecular Recycling Facility.” Plastic Technology. January 29, 2021. https://www.ptonline.com/news/eastman-to-build-world-scale-plastic-to-plastic-molecular-recycling-facility.

Simon, Matt. 2020. “The Journey of Electronic Bottles and the Ocean Plastic Crisis.” Wired, December 2, 2020. https://www.wired.com/story/the-incredible-journey-of-the-electronic-plastic-bottle/.

———. 2021. “Plastic Is Falling From the Sky. But Where’s It Coming From?” Wired, April 13, 2021. https://www.wired.com/story/plastic-is-falling-from-the-sky/.

“Single Use Plastic Reduction.” n.d. Oceanic Global. Accessed August 24, 2021. https://oceanic.global/projects/supr/.

Smith, Rick. 2020. “Opinion: We Are All Plastic People Now, in Ways We Can’t See – and Can No Longer Ignore.” The Globe and Mail, July 17, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/opinion/article-we-are-all-plastic-people-now-in-ways-we-cant-see-and-can-no/.

Smith, Rick, and Chelsea Rochman. 2021. “Opinion | New Science on Microplastics Suggests Macro Problems.” The Toronto Star, March 1, 2021, sec. Contributors. https://www.thestar.com/opinion/contributors/2021/03/01/new-science-on-microplastics-suggests-macro-problems.html.

Society, National Geographic. 2019. “Great Pacific Garbage Patch.” National Geographic Society. July 5, 2019. http://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/great-pacific-garbage-patch/.

Tabuchi, Hiroko, and Michael Corkery. 2021. “Countries Tried to Curb Trade in Plastic Waste. The U.S. Is Shipping More.” The New York Times, March 12, 2021, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/03/12/climate/plastics-waste-export-ban.html.

Tabuchi, Hiroko, Michael Corkery, and Carlos Mureithi. 2020. “Big Oil Is in Trouble. Its Plan: Flood Africa With Plastic.” The New York Times, August 30, 2020, sec. Climate. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/30/climate/oil-kenya-africa-plastics-trade.html.

Taylor, Matthew. 2018. “Can Norway Help Us Solve the Plastic Crisis, One Bottle at a Time?” The Guardian, July 12, 2018, sec. Environment. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2018/jul/12/can-norway-help-us-solve-the-plastic-crisis-one-bottle-at-a-time.

TED-Ed. 2020. A Brief History of Plastic. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GMbRG9CZJw.

“The Break Free From Plastic Pollution Act.” n.d. Oceanic Global. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://oceanic.global/projects/bffppa/.

“The Facts.” n.d. Plastic Pollution Coalition. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://www.plasticpollutioncoalition.org/the-facts.

“The Future’s Not in Plastics: Why Plastics Demand Won’t Rescue the Oil Sector.” 2020. Carbon Tracker. https://carbontracker.org/reports/the-futures-not-in-plastics/.

“The New Plastics Economy: Rethinking the Future of Plastics.” 2016. World Economic Forum, Ellen Macarthur Foundation. https://ellenmacarthurfoundation.org/the-new-plastics-economy-rethinking-the-future-of-plastics.

“Throwing Away the Future: How Companies Still Have It Wrong on Plastic Pollution ‘Solutions.’” 2019. Greenpeace. https://www.greenpeace.org/usa/wp-content/uploads/2019/09/report-throwing-away-the-future-false-solutions-plastic-pollution-2019.pdf.

Toloken, Steve. 2020. “My Take on Frontline’s ‘Plastic Wars.’” Plastics News. April 8, 2020. https://www.plasticsnews.com/blog/my-take-frontlines-plastic-wars.

“Top 25 ‘Green’ Companies in the UK.” n.d. Talentpool. Accessed August 24, 2021. https://talentpool.com/blog/top-25-green-companies-in-the-uk.

Tullo, Alexander H. 2021. “Eastman Will Build a $250 Million Plastics Recycling Plant.” Chemical & Engineering News. February 1, 2021. https://cen.acs.org/environment/recycling/Eastman-build-250-million-plastics/99/web/2021/02.

Tyree, Chris, and Dan Morrison. 2017. “Invisibles: The Plastic Inside Us.” Organic Consumers Association. September 13, 2017. https://www.organicconsumers.org/news/invisibles-plastic-inside-us.

UNEP. 2018. SINGLE-USE PLASTICS: A Roadmap for Sustainability. Rev 2. UNEP. https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/25496/singleUsePlastic_sustainability.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

“Upstream | Sparking Innovative Solutions to Plastic Pollution.” n.d. Upstream. Accessed September 2, 2021. https://upstreamsolutions.org.

US EPA. 2017. “Paper and Paperboard: Material-Specific Data.” Collections and Lists. September 7, 2017. https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/paper-and-paperboard-material-specific-data.

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Washington Post. 2010. “Chemistry of Common Life: ‘Slow Death by Rubber Duck: The Secret Danger of Everyday Things,’” January 20, 2010. https://www.washingtonpost.com/express/wp/2010/01/20/slow-death-by-rubber-duck/.

“Water in Paris: A Public Service.” 2013. http://www.eaudeparis.fr/uploads/tx_edpevents/Brochure_institutionnelle_ENG_2013.pdf.

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Wieczorek, Alina M., Liam Morrison, Peter L. Croot, A. Louise Allcock, Eoin MacLoughlin, Olivier Savard, Hannah Brownlow, and Thomas K. Doyle. 2018. “Frequency of Microplastics in Mesopelagic Fishes from the Northwest Atlantic.” Frontiers in Marine Science 5: 39. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2018.00039.

Williams, Alan. 2020. “Study Suggests LEGO Bricks Could Survive in Ocean for up to 1,300 Years.” University of Plymouth. March 16, 2020. https://www.plymouth.ac.uk/news/study-suggests-lego-bricks-could-survive-in-ocean-for-up-to-1300-years.

Williams, Written Mari, Rich Gower, Joanne Green, Elisabeth Whitebread, Zoë Lenkiewicz, and Dr Patrick Schröder. 2019. “No Time to Waste: Tackling the Plastic Pollution Crisis before It’s Too Late.” Teddington, UK: Tearfund. https://www.tearfund.org/-/media/learn/resources/reports/2019-tearfund-consortium-no-time-to-waste-en.pdf.

Wood, Zoe. 2020. “Unilever Vows to Invest €1bn in Green Projects.” The Guardian, June 15, 2020, sec. Business. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2020/jun/15/unilever-vows-to-invest-1bn-in-green-projects.

X, Julie. 2019. “Reduce Your Plastic Use By Asking Yourself 5 Questions.” Medium (blog). July 10, 2019. https://julie-xu.medium.com/reduce-your-plastic-use-by-asking-yourself-5-questions-184fbf065f28.

Zheng, Jiajia, and Sangwon Suh. 2019. “Strategies to Reduce the Global Carbon Footprint of Plastics.” Nature Climate Change 9 (5): 374–78. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0459-z.

Poverty Industry

Alston, Philip. 2020. “The Parlous State of Poverty Eradication: Report of the Special Rapporteur on Extreme Poverty and Human Rights.” Series Report of the Special Procedure of the Human Rights Council. UN. https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/3904295.

Alvaredo, Facundo, Lucas Chancel, Thomas Piketty, Emmanuel Saez, and Gabriel Zucman. n.d. “World Inequality Report 2018.” World Inequality Lab. https://wir2018.wid.world/files/download/wir2018-full-report-english.pdf.

Anand, Sudhir, Paul Segal, and Joseph E. Stiglitz. 2009. “Introduction: Debates on the Measurement of Global Poverty.” Initiative for Policy Dialogue Working Paper Series. Initiative for Policy Dialogue. https://doi.org/10.7916/D8BV7PGZ.

Beltekian, Diana, and Esteban Ortiz-Ospina. 2018. “Extreme Poverty Is Falling: How Is Poverty Changing for Higher Poverty Lines?” Our World in Data (blog). March 5, 2018. https://ourworldindata.org/poverty-at-higher-poverty-lines.

Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. 2012. Wealth of the Commons A World Beyond Market and State. Amherst, Mass: Levellers Press.

Bureau, US Census. n.d. “Income and Poverty in the United States: 2018.” Census.Gov. Accessed October 16, 2021. https://www.census.gov/library/publications/2019/demo/p60-266.html.

Burzyński, Michał, Christoph Deuster, Frédéric Docquier, and Jaime de Melo. 2019. “Climate Migration Frightens... Climate Poverty Is Frightening!” VoxEU, December 10, 2019. https://voxeu.org/article/climate-migration-frightens-climate-poverty-frightening.

Byamugisha, Frank Fulgence K. 2013. “Securing Africa’s Land for Shared Prosperity: A Program to Scale up Reforms and Investments,” January. https://documents.worldbank.org/en/publication/documents-reports/documentdetail.

“Carbon Footprint of Nations.” n.d. World MRIO. https://worldmrio.com/footprints/carbon/.

“Central Government Expenditure as Share of GDP.” n.d. Our World in Data. Accessed September 17, 2021. https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/total-gov-expenditure-gdp-wdi.

Chang, Ha-Joon. 2002a. “Kicking Away the Ladder: An Unofficial History of Capitalism, Especially in Britain and the United States.” Taylor & Francis 45 (5): 63–97.

———. 2002b. Kicking Away the Ladder: Development Strategy in Historical Perspective. 1st edition. London: Anthem Press.

“Charting Pathways out of Multidimensional Poverty: Achieving the SDGs.” 2020. UNDP, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative. http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/2020_mpi_report_en.pdf.

Cimons, Marlene. 2019. “Study Shows Climate Change Is Fueling Conflict and Mass Migration.” Nexus Media News, February 4, 2019. https://nexusmedianews.com/study-shows-climate-change-is-fueling-conflict-and-mass-migration-5f37de166ec6/.

“Climate Action and Poverty Alleviation Must Go Hand-in-Hand.” 2020. Nature 580 (7804): 432–432. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01122-0.

“Common Social Accountability Platform: Results and Findings from Citizen-Led Discussions on Displacement and Durable Solutions in Mogadishu - Somalia.” 2019. ReliefWeb. May 13, 2019. https://reliefweb.int/report/somalia/common-social-accountability-platform-results-and-findings-citizen-led-discussions.

“COVID-19 to Add as Many as 150 Million Extreme Poor by 2021.” 2020. World Bank. October 7, 2020. https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/press-release/2020/10/07/covid-19-to-add-as-many-as-150-million-extreme-poor-by-2021.

“Data.” n.d. World Inequality Database. Accessed September 17, 2021. https://wid.world/data/.

Dhongde, Shatakshee, and Camelia Minoiu. 2011. “Global Poverty Estimates: A Sensitivity Analysis.” World Development 44 (September). https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.1926290.

Dippel, Christian, and Michael Poyker. 2019. “How Private Prisons Affect Sentencing.” VoxEU.Org (blog). August 6, 2019. https://voxeu.org/article/how-private-prisons-affect-sentencing.

“Displacement Solutions.” n.d. Accessed August 30, 2021. https://displacementsolutions.org/.

“Dog Chow Complete Adult Dry Dog Food 20 Kg.” n.d. Walmart Canada. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.walmart.ca/en/ip/dog-chow-complete-adult-dry-dog-food-20-kg-other/6000197890849.

Dorling, Danny. 2017. “Is Inequality Bad for the Environment?” The Guardian, July 4, 2017, sec. Inequality. https://www.theguardian.com/inequality/2017/jul/04/is-inequality-bad-for-the-environment.

“Economics of Incarceration: The Economic Drivers and Consequences of Mass Incarceration.” n.d. Prison Policy Initiative. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/research/economics_of_incarceration/.

Edward, Peter. 2006. “The Ethical Poverty Line: A Moral Quantification of Absolute Poverty.” Third World Quarterly 27 (2): 377–93. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436590500432739.

“Environmental Protection for Everyone? Intersectionality, People and the Planet.” n.d. Presented at the ClimateEarth 2020 Conference.

“Eradicating Rural Poverty Is One of the First Steps to Fighting Desertification.” n.d. IFAD. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.ifad.org/en/web/knowledge/-/publication/eradicating-rural-poverty-is-one-of-the-first-steps-to-fighting-desertification.

FAO, ed. 2018. Building Climate Resilience for Food Security and Nutrition. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2018. Rome: FAO. https://www.fao.org/3/I9553EN/i9553en.pdf.

“FAQs: Global Poverty Line Update.” 2015. Text/HTML. World Bank. September 30, 2015. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/poverty/brief/global-poverty-line-faq.

Ferrández, Pablo Cortés. 2020. “'NO LAND, NO WATER, NO PASTURE’ - The Urbanisation of Drought Displacement in Somalia.” No Matter of Choice: Displacement in a Changing Climate ‘. International Displacement Monitoring Centre &. https://www.internal-displacement.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/202003-somalia-slow-onset.pdf.

———. n.d. “‘No Land, No Water, No Pasture’ The Urbanisation of Drought Displacement in Somalia.” mar 2020: IDMC. https://www.internal-displacement.org/sites/default/files/publications/documents/202003-somalia-slow-onset.pdf.

Ferraro, Paul J., and Rhita Simorangkir. 2020. “Conditional Cash Transfers to Alleviate Poverty Also Reduced Deforestation in Indonesia.” Science Advances 6 (24): eaaz1298. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1298.

Ferreira, Francisco, Dean Mitchell Jolliffe, and Espen Beer Prydz. 2015. “The International Poverty Line Has Just Been Raised to $1.90 a Day, but Global Poverty Is Basically Unchanged. How Is That Even Possible?” World Bank Blogs (blog). October 4, 2015. https://blogs.worldbank.org/developmenttalk/international-poverty-line-has-just-been-raised-190-day-global-poverty-basically-unchanged-how-even.

Flores, Jerry, and Kati Barahona-Lopez. n.d. “Drugging Detained Children Is like Using a Chemical Straitjacket.” The Conversation. Accessed October 14, 2021. http://theconversation.com/drugging-detained-children-is-like-using-a-chemical-straitjacket-102394.

“For-Profit Prisons: Lobbying, 2021.” n.d. OpenSecrets. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.opensecrets.org/industries./lobbying.php?cycle=2020&ind=G7000&__cf_chl_captcha_tk__=pmd_3gyzYceDtdCQ4vCWvIr1bd3ztcnW6qMuu0PpBHAe_jg-1634151592-0-gqNtZGzNA1CjcnBszQml.

Galinato, Gregmar I., and Ryne Rohla. 2020. “Do Privately-Owned Prisons Increase Incarceration Rates?” Labour Economics 67 (December): 101908. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2020.101908.

Gertz, Laurence Chandy and Geoffrey. 2011. “Poverty in Numbers: The Changing State of Global Poverty from 2005 to 2015.” The Brookings Institute. https://www.brookings.edu/research/poverty-in-numbers-the-changing-state-of-global-poverty-from-2005-to-2015/.

“Global Internal Displacement Database.” 2021. IDMC. 2021. https://www.internal-displacement.org/database/displacement-data.

“GNI per Capita, Atlas Method (Current US$).” n.d. World Bank. Accessed September 16, 2021. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GNP.PCAP.CD?end=2019&start=1980.

Hainzl, Otto. n.d. “FAQs Refugees and Asylum.” Caritas. Accessed September 25, 2021. https://www.caritas.at/hilfe-angebote/flucht-integration/faqs-zum-thema-flucht-und-asyl/faqs-refugees-and-asylum.

Harding-Rolls, George. 2019. “Living in the Onlife: Climate’s Unseen Battleground.” TheBeamMagazine (blog). July 8, 2019. https://medium.com/thebeammagazine/living-in-the-onlife-climates-unseen-battleground-f204916416a9.

Hatcher, Daniel L. 2016. The Poverty Industry: The Exploitation of America’s Most Vulnerable Citizens. New York ; London: NYU Press.

Hickel, Jason. 2016. “The True Extent of Global Poverty and Hunger: Questioning the Good News Narrative of the Millennium Development Goals.” Third World Quarterly 37 (5): 749–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1109439.

———. 2019a. “A Letter to Steven Pinker (and Bill Gates, for That Matter) about Global Poverty.” Jason Hickel. February 4, 2019. https://www.jasonhickel.org/blog/2019/2/3/pinker-and-global-poverty.

———. 2019b. “A Response to Max Roser: How Not to Measure Global Poverty.” Jason Hickel. February 6, 2019. https://www.jasonhickel.org/blog/2019/2/6/response-to-max-roser.

———. 2019c. “A Response to Noah Smith about Global Poverty.” Jason Hickel. August 6, 2019. https://www.jasonhickel.org/blog/2019/6/14/a-response-to-noah-smith-about-global-poverty.

———. 2019d. “Progress and Its Discontents.” The New Internationalist, August 7, 2019. https://newint.org/features/2019/07/01/long-read-progress-and-its-discontents.

Hickel, Jason, and Charles Kenny. 2018. “12 Things We Can Agree On about Global Poverty.” Center For Global Development. August 27, 2018. https://www.cgdev.org/blog/12-things-we-can-agree-about-global-poverty.

“How Will Ending Poverty Impact Climate Change?” n.d. Decent Living Energy. https://www.decentlivingenergy.org/index.html.

Hruby, Denise. 2015. “Austria Held Thousands of Refugees in a Squalid Camp Run by a For-Profit Company.” The World from PRX. October 12, 2015. https://www.pri.org/stories/2015-10-12/austria-held-thousands-refugees-squalid-camp-run-profit-company.

Islam, Nabiha. 2020. “Remember the Refugees Stuck in the Hell That Is Moria.” Al Jazeera, March 5, 2020. https://www.aljazeera.com/opinions/2020/3/5/remember-the-refugees-stuck-in-the-hell-that-is-moria.

Jones, Kay, and Leah Asmelash. 2020. “Louisiana Supreme Court Upholds Black Man’s Life Sentence for Stealing Hedge Clippers More than 20 Years Ago.” CNN, August 6, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/08/06/us/louisiana-supreme-court-trnd/index.html.

“Justice Map - Visualize Race and Income Data for Your Community.” n.d. Accessed October 16, 2021. http://www.justicemap.org/.

Kerr, Suzi, Alexander S P Pfaff, Romina Cavatassi, Benjamin Davis, Leslie Lipper, Arturo Sanchez, and Jason Timmins. 2004. “Effects of Poverty on Deforestation: Distinguishing Behavior from Location.” ESA Working Paper No. 04-19 (November). https://www.fao.org/3/ae401t/ae401t.pdf.

Kinstler, Linda. 2019. “Big Tech Firms Are Racing to Track Climate Refugees.” MIT Technology Review. May 17, 2019. https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/05/17/103059/big-tech-firms-are-racing-to-track-climate-refugees/.

Klein, Ezra. 2019. “Peter Singer on the Lives You Can Save.” Vox. December 6, 2019. https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2019/12/6/20992100/peter-singer-effective-altruism-lives-you-can-save-animal-liberation.

Kopf, Dan, and Daniel Wolfe. 2021. “Life Expectancy in the United States, Mapped by Neighborhood.” Quartz. February 25, 2021. https://qz.com/1462111/map-what-story-does-your-neighborhoods-life-expectancy-tell/.

Lethbridge, Jane. 2017a. “Privatisation of Migration & Refugee Services & Other Forms of State Disengagement.” Public Services International. https://www.epsu.org/sites/default/files/article/files/PSI-EPSU%20Privatisation%20of%20Migration%20%26%20Refugee%20Services_EN.pdf.

———. 2017b. “Privatisation of Migration and Refugee Services and Other Forms of State Disengagement.” Public Services International. https://www.epsu.org/sites/default/files/article/files/PSI-EPSU%20Privatisation%20of%20Migration%20%26%20Refugee%20Services_EN.pdf.

Martínez-Solimán, Magdy. 2015. “The Richer Poverty Line.” HuffPost (blog). October 13, 2015. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/the-richer-poverty-line_b_8282132.

McCarty, Maggie, Gene Falk, Randy Alison Aussenberg, and David H Carpenter. 2016. “Drug Testing and Crime-Related Restrictions in TANF, SNAP, and Housing Assistance.” Congressional Research Service. https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/R42394.pdf.

Meaney, Marcela Escobari, Ian Seyal, and Michael J. 2019. “Realism about Reskilling.” Brookings (blog). November 7, 2019. https://www.brookings.edu/research/realism-about-reskilling/.

“Mercedes Ornament for Sale.” n.d. EBay. Accessed October 14, 2021. https://www.ebay.ca/b/Mercedes-Ornament/33757/bn_7023300776.

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Offsets to onsets

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Action + Connection

Introduction

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What to Do

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Where to Start

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Create a Punch List

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The Goal

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